vip.texinfo

早期freebsd实现

@itemx C-x C-i
@kindex 1302 @kbd{X I} (@code{insert-file})

Insert specified file at point.
@end table

@node Misc Commands, Vi Commands, File Commands, Differences from Vi
@subsection Miscellaneous Commands

@table @kbd
@item X (
@itemx C-x (
@kindex 1301 @kbd{X (} (@code{start-kbd-macro})
Start remembering keyboard macro.
@item X )
@itemx C-x )
@kindex 1301 @kbd{X )} (@code{end-kbd-macro})
Finish remembering keyboard macro.
@item *
@kindex 052 @kbd{*} (@code{vip-call-last-kbd-macro})
Call last remembered keyboard macro.
@item X Z
@itemx C-x C-z
@kindex 1302 @kbd{X Z} (@code{suspend-emacs})
Suspend Emacs.
@item Z Z
Exit Emacs.
@itemx Q
Query replace.
@itemx R
Replace.
@end table

@node Vi Commands, Numeric Arguments, Misc Commands, Top
@chapter Vi Commands

This chapter describes Vi commands other than Ex commands implemented in
VIP.  Except for the last section which discusses insert mode, all the
commands described in this chapter are to be used in vi mode.

@menu
* Numeric Arguments::	Many commands accept numeric arguments
* Important Keys::	Some very important keys.
* Buffers and Windows::	Commands for handling buffers and windows.
* Files::		Commands for handling files.
* Viewing the Buffer::	How you can view the current buffer.
* Mark Commands::	Marking positions in a buffer.
* Motion Commands::	Commands for moving point.
* Modifying Commands::	Commands for modifying the buffer.
@end menu

@node Numeric Arguments, Important Keys, Vi Commands, Vi Commands
@section Numeric Arguments

@cindex numeric arguments
@cindex count
@kindex 061 @kbd{1} (numeric argument)
@kindex 062 @kbd{2} (numeric argument)
@kindex 063 @kbd{3} (numeric argument)
@kindex 064 @kbd{4} (numeric argument)
@kindex 065 @kbd{5} (numeric argument)
@kindex 066 @kbd{6} (numeric argument)
@kindex 067 @kbd{7} (numeric argument)
@kindex 068 @kbd{8} (numeric argument)
@kindex 069 @kbd{9} (numeric argument)

Most Vi commands accept a @dfn{numeric argument} which can be supplied as
a prefix to the commands.  A numeric argument is also called a @dfn{count}.
In many cases, if a count is given, the command is executed that many times.
For instance, @kbd{5 d d} deletes 5 lines while simple @kbd{d d} deletes a
line.  In this manual the metavariable @var{n} will denote a count.@refill

@node Important Keys, Buffers and Windows, Numeric Arguments, Vi Commands
@section Important Keys

The keys @kbd{C-g} and @kbd{C-l} are unique in that their associated
functions are the same in any of emacs, vi and insert mode.

@table @kbd
@item C-g
@kindex 007 @kbd{C-g} (@code{vip-keyboard-quit})
Quit.  Cancel running or partially typed command (@code{keyboard-quit}).
@item C-l
@kindex 014 @kbd{C-l} (@code{recenter})
Clear the screen and reprint everything (@code{recenter}).
@end table

In Emacs many commands are bound to the key strokes that start with
@kbd{C-x}, @kbd{C-c} and @key{ESC}.  These commands can be
accessed from vi mode as easily as from emacs mode.@refill

@table @kbd
@item C-x
@itemx C-c
@itemx @key{ESC}
@kindex 003 @kbd{C-c} (@code{vip-ctl-c})
@kindex 0300 @kbd{C-x} (@code{vip-ctl-x})
@kindex 033 @kbd{ESC} (@code{vip-ESC})
Typing one of these keys have the same effect as typing it in emacs mode.
Appropriate command will be executed according as the keys you type after
it.  You will be in vi mode again after the execution of the command.
For instance, if you type @kbd{@key{ESC} <} (in vi mode) then the cursor will
move to the beginning of the buffer and you will still be in vi mode.
@item C
@itemx X
@kindex 103 @kbd{C} (@code{vip-ctl-c-equivalent})
@kindex 1300 @kbd{X} (@code{vip-ctl-x-equivalent})
Typing one of these keys have the effect of typing the corresponding
control character in emacs mode.  Moreover, if you type an upper case
character following it, that character will also be translated to the
corresponding control character.  Thus typing @kbd{X W} in vi mode is the
same as typing @kbd{C-x C-w} in emacs mode.  You will be in vi mode again
after the execution of a command.
@item \
@kindex 134 @kbd{\} (@code{vip-escape-to-emacs})
Escape to emacs mode.  Hitting the @kbd{\} key will take you to emacs mode,
and you can execute a single Emacs command.  After executing the
Emacs command you will be in vi mode again.  You can give a count before
typing @kbd{\}.  Thus @kbd{5 \ +}, as well as @kbd{\ C-u 5 +}, will insert
@samp{+++++} before point.@refill
@end table

@node Buffers and Windows, Files, Important Keys, Vi Commands
@section Buffers and Windows

@cindex buffer
@cindex selected buffer
@cindex current buffer

In Emacs the text you edit is stored in a @dfn{buffer}.
See GNU Emacs Manual, for details.  There is always one @dfn{selected}
buffer which is called the @dfn{current buffer}.@refill

@cindex window
@cindex modified (buffer)

You can see the contents of buffers through @dfn{windows} created by Emacs.
When you have multiple windows on the screen only one of them is selected.
Each buffer has a unique name, and each window has a mode line which shows
the name of the buffer associated with the window and other information
about the status of the buffer.  You can change the format of the mode
line, but normally if you see @samp{**} at the beginning of a mode line it
means that the buffer is @dfn{modified}.  If you write out the content of
the buffer to a file, then the buffer will become not modified.  Also if
you see @samp{%%} at the beginning of the mode line, it means that the file
associated with the buffer is write protected.

We have the following commands related to windows and buffers.

@table @kbd
@item C-n
@kindex 016 @kbd{C-n} (@code{vip-next-window})
Move cursor to the next-window (@code{vip-next-window}).
@item X 1
@kindex 1301 @kbd{X 1} (@code{delete-other-windows})
Delete other windows and make the selected window fill the screen
@*(@code{delete-other-windows}).
@item X 2
@kindex 1301 @kbd{X 2} (@code{split-window-vertically})
Split current window into two windows (@code{split-window-vertically}).
@item X 3
@kindex 1301 @kbd{X 3} (@code{vip-buffer-in-two-windows})
Show current buffer in two windows.
@item s @var{buffer} @key{RET}
@kindex 163 @kbd{s} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer})
Select or create a buffer named @var{buffer} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer}).
@item S @var{buffer} @key{RET}
@kindex 123 @kbd{S} (@code{vip-switch-to-buffer-other-window})
Similar but select a buffer named @var{buffer} in another window
@*(@code{vip-switch-to-buffer-other-window}).
@item K
@kindex 113 @kbd{K} (@code{vip-kill-buffer})
Kill the current buffer if it is not modified or if it is not associated
with a file @*(@code{vip-kill-buffer}).
@item X B
@kindex 1302 @kbd{X B} (@code{list-buffers})
List the existing buffers (@code{list-buffers}).
@end table

@cindex buffer name completion

As @dfn{buffer name completion} is provided, you have only to type in
initial substring of the buffer name which is sufficient to identify it
among names of existing buffers.  After that, if you hit @key{TAB} the rest
of the buffer name will be supplied by the system, and you can confirm it
by @key{RET}.  The default buffer name to switch to will also be prompted,
and you can select it by giving a simple @key{RET}.  See GNU Emacs Manual
for details of completion.

@node Files, Viewing the Buffer, Buffers and Windows, Vi Commands
@section Files

We have the following commands related to files.  They are used to visit,
save and insert files.

@table @kbd
@item v @var{file} @key{RET}
@kindex 166 @kbd{v} (@code{vip-find-file})
Visit specified file in the current window (@code{vip-find-file}).
@item V @var{file} @key{RET}
@kindex 126 @kbd{V} (@code{vip-find-file-other-window})
Visit specified file in another window (@code{vip-find-file-other-window}).
@item X S
@kindex 1302 @kbd{X S} (@code{save-buffer})
Save current buffer to the file associated with the buffer.  If no file is
associated with the buffer, the name of the file to write out the content
of the buffer will be asked in the minibuffer.
@item X W @var{file} @key{RET}
@kindex 1302 @kbd{X W} (@code{write-file})
Write current buffer into a specified file.
@item X I @var{file} @key{RET}
@kindex 1302 @kbd{X I} (@code{insert-file})
Insert a specified file at point.
@item g
@kindex 147 @kbd{g} (@code{vip-info-on-file})
Give information on the file associated with the current buffer.  Tell you
the name of the file associated with the buffer, the line number of the
current point and total line numbers in the buffer.  If no file is
associated with the buffer, this fact will be indicated by the null file
name @samp{""}.
@end table

@cindex visiting (a file)
@cindex default directory

In Emacs, you can edit a file by @dfn{visiting} it.  If you wish to visit a
file in the current window, you can just type @kbd{v}.  Emacs maintains the
@dfn{default directory} which is specific to each buffer.  Suppose, for
instance, that the default directory of the current buffer is
@file{/usr/masahiko/lisp/}.  Then you will get the following prompt in the
minibuffer.@refill
@example
visit file: /usr/masahiko/lisp/
@end example
@noindent
@cindex file name completion
If you wish to visit, say, @file{vip.el} in this directory, then you can
just type @samp{vip.el} followed by @key{RET}.  If the file @file{vip.el}
already exists in the directory, Emacs will visit that file, and if not,
the file will be created.  Emacs will use the file name (@file{vip.el}, in
this case) as the name of the buffer visiting the file.  In order to make
the buffer name unique, Emacs may append @samp{<2>}, @samp{<3>} etc., to
the buffer name.  As the @dfn{file name completion} is provided here, you
can sometime save typing.  For instance, suppose there is only one file in the
default directory whose name starts with @samp{v}, that is @samp{vip.el}.
Then if you just type @kbd{v @key{TAB}} then it will be completed to
@samp{vip.el}.  Thus, in this case, you just have to type @kbd{v v @key{TAB}
@key{RET}} to visit @file{/usr/masahiko/lisp/vip.el}.  Continuing the
example, let us now suppose that you wished to visit the file
@file{/usr/masahiko/man/vip.texinfo}.  Then to the same prompt which you get
after you typed @kbd{v}, you can enter @samp{/usr/masahiko/man/vip.texinfo} or
@samp{../man/vip.texinfo} followed by @key{RET}.

Use @kbd{V} instead of @kbd{v}, if you wish to visit a file in another
window.

You can verify which file you are editing by typing @kbd{g}.  (You can also
type @kbd{X B} to get nformation on other buffers too.)  If you type
@kbd{g} you will get an information like below in the echo area:@refill
@example
"/usr/masahiko/man/vip.texinfo" line 921 of 1949
@end example

After you edited the buffer (@samp{vip.texinfo}, in our example) for a while,
you may wish to save it in a file.  If you wish to save it in the file
associated with the buffer (@file{/usr/masahiko/man/vip.texinfo}, in this
case), you can just say @kbd{X S}.  If you wish to save it in another file,
you can type @kbd{X W}.  You will then get a similar prompt as you get for
@kbd{v}, to which you can enter the file name.@refill

@node Viewing the Buffer, Mark Commands, Files, Vi Commands
@section Viewing the Buffer

In this and next section we discuss commands for moving around in the
buffer.  These command do not change the content of the buffer.  The
following commands are useful for viewing the content of the current
buffer.

@table @kbd
@item @key{SPC}
@itemx C-f
@kindex 040 @kbd{SPC} (@code{vip-scroll})
@kindex 006 @kbd{C-f} (@code{vip-scroll-back})
Scroll text of current window upward almost full screen.  You can go
@i{forward} in the buffer by this command (@code{vip-scroll}).
@item @key{RET}
@itemx C-b
@kindex 015 @kbd{RET} (@code{vip-scroll-back})
@kindex 002 @kbd{C-b} (@code{vip-scroll-back})
Scroll text of current window downward almost full screen.  You can go
@i{backward} in the buffer by this command (@code{vip-scroll-back}).
@itemx C-d
@kindex 004 @kbd{C-d} (@code{vip-scroll-up})
Scroll text of current window upward half screen.  You can go
@i{down} in the buffer by this command (@code{vip-scroll-down}).
@itemx C-u
@kindex 025 @kbd{C-u} (@code{vip-scroll-down})
Scroll text of current window downward half screen.  You can go
@i{up} in the buffer by this command (@code{vip-scroll-up}).
@item C-y
@kindex 031 @kbd{C-y} (@code{vip-scroll-down-one})
Scroll text of current window upward by one line (@code{vip-scroll-down-one}).
@item C-e
@kindex 005 @kbd{C-e} (@code{vip-scroll-up-one})
Scroll text of current window downward by one line (@code{vip-scroll-up-one}).
@end table
@noindent
You can repeat these commands by giving a count.  Thus, @kbd{2 @key{SPC}}
has the same effect as @kbd{@key{SPC} @key{SPC}}.

The following commands reposition point in the window.

@table @kbd
@item z H
@itemx z @key{RET}
@kindex 1723 @kbd{z H} (@code{vip-line-to-top})
@kindex 1721 @kbd{z RET} (@code{vip-line-to-top})
Put point on the top (@i{home}) line in the window.  So the current line
becomes the top line in the window.  Given a count @var{n}, point will be
placed in the @var{n}-th line from top (@code{vip-line-to-top}).
@item z M
@itemx z .
@kindex 1723 @kbd{z M} (@code{vip-line-to-middle})
@kindex 1722 @kbd{z .} (@code{vip-line-to-middle})
Put point on the @i{middle} line in the window.  Given a count @var{n},
point will be placed in the @var{n}-th line from the middle line
(@code{vip-line-to-middle}).
@item z L
@itemx z -
@kindex 1723 @kbd{z L} (@code{vip-line-to-bottom})
@kindex 1722 @kbd{z -} (@code{vip-line-to-bottom})
Put point on the @i{bottom} line in the window.  Given a count @var{n},
point will be placed in the @var{n}-th line from bottom
(@code{vip-line-to-bottom}).
@item C-l
Center point in window and redisplay screen (@code{recenter}).
@end table