refcard.tex

早期freebsd实现

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%This file is TeX source for a reference card describing GDB, the GNU debugger.
%$Id: refcard.tex,v 1.96 1992/08/15 11:05:57 gnu Exp $
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%                                Roland Pesch
%                                Cygnus Support
%                                814 University Ave.
%                                Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA
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%                                [phone]
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{\vbbf GDB QUICK REFERENCE}\hfil{\smrm GDB Version 4}\qquad

\sec Essential Commands;
gdb {\it program} \opt{{\it core}}&debug {\it program} \opt{using
coredump {\it core}}\cr
b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it function}&set breakpoint at {\it function} \opt{in \it file}\cr
run \opt{{\it arglist}}&start your program \opt{with {\it arglist}}\cr
bt& backtrace: display program stack\cr
p {\it expr}&display the value of an expression\cr
c &continue running your program\cr
n &next line, stepping over function calls\cr
s &next line, stepping into function calls\cr
\endsec

\sec Starting GDB;
gdb&start GDB, with no debugging files\cr
gdb {\it program}&begin debugging {\it program}\cr
gdb {\it program core}&debug coredump {\it core} produced by {\it
program}\cr
gdb --help&describe command line options\cr
\endsec

\sec Stopping GDB;
quit&exit GDB; also {\tt q} or {\tt EOF} (eg \ctl{d})\cr
INTERRUPT&(eg \ctl{c}) terminate current command, or send to running process\cr
\endsec

\sec Getting Help;
help&list classes of commands\cr
help {\it class}&one-line descriptions for commands in {\it class}\cr
help {\it command}&describe {\it command}\cr
\endsec

\sec Executing your Program;
run {\it arglist}&start your program with {\it arglist}\cr
run&start your program with current argument list\cr
run $\ldots$ <{\it inf} >{\it outf}&start your program with input, output
redirected\cr
\cr
kill&kill running program\cr
\cr
tty {\it dev}&use {\it dev} as stdin and stdout for next {\tt run}\cr
set args {\it arglist}&specify {\it arglist} for next
{\tt run}\cr
set args&specify empty argument list\cr
show args&display argument list\cr
\cr
show environment&show all environment variables\cr
show env {\it var}&show value of environment variable {\it var}\cr
set env {\it var} {\it string}&set environment variable {\it var}\cr
unset env {\it var}&remove {\it var} from environment\cr
\endsec

\sec Shell Commands;
cd {\it dir}&change working directory to {\it dir}\cr
pwd&Print working directory\cr
make $\ldots$&call ``{\tt make}''\cr
shell {\it cmd}&execute arbitrary shell command string\cr
\endsec

\vfill
\line{\smrm \opt{ } surround optional arguments \hfill $\ldots$ show
one or more arguments}
\vskip\baselineskip
\centerline{\smrm \copyright 1991, 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\qquad Permissions on back}
\eject
\sec Breakpoints and Watchpoints;
break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}\par
b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&set breakpoint at {\it line} number \opt{in \it file}\par 
eg:\quad{\tt break main.c:37}\quad\cr
break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it function}&set breakpoint at {\it
function} \opt{in \it file}\cr
break +{\it offset}\par
break -{\it offset}&set break at {\it offset} lines from current stop\cr
break *{\it addr}&set breakpoint at address {\it addr}\cr
break&set breakpoint at next instruction\cr
break $\ldots$ if {\it expr}&break conditionally on nonzero {\it expr}\cr
cond {\it n} \opt{\it expr}&new conditional expression on breakpoint
{\it n}; make unconditional if no {\it expr}\cr
tbreak $\ldots$&temporary break; disable when reached\cr
rbreak {\it regex}&break on all functions matching {\it regex}\cr
watch {\it expr}&set a watchpoint for expression {\it expr}\cr
catch {\it x}&break at C++ handler for exception {\it x}\cr
\cr
info break&show defined breakpoints\cr
info watch&show defined watchpoints\cr
\cr
clear&delete breakpoints at next instruction\cr
clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it fun}&delete breakpoints at entry to {\it fun}()\cr
clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&delete breakpoints on source line \cr
delete \opt{{\it n}}&delete breakpoints
\opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}\cr
\cr
disable \opt{{\it n}}&disable breakpoints
\opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}
\cr
enable \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints 
\opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}
\cr
enable once \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}; 
disable again when reached
\cr
enable del \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}; 
delete when reached
\cr
\cr
ignore {\it n} {\it count}&ignore breakpoint {\it n}, {\it count}
times\cr
\cr
commands {\it n}\par
\qquad \opt{\tt silent}\par
\qquad {\it command-list}&execute GDB {\it command-list} every time breakpoint {\it n} is reached. \opt{{\tt silent} suppresses default
display}\cr
end&end of {\it command-list}\cr
\endsec

\sec Program Stack;
backtrace \opt{\it n}\par
bt \opt{\it n}&print trace of all frames in stack; or of {\it n}
frames---innermost if {\it n}{\tt >0}, outermost if {\it n}{\tt <0}\cr
frame \opt{\it n}&select frame number {\it n} or frame at address {\it
n}; if no {\it n}, display current frame\cr
up {\it n}&select frame {\it n} frames up\cr
down {\it n}&select frame {\it n} frames down\cr
info frame \opt{\it addr}&describe selected frame, or frame at
{\it addr}\cr
info args&arguments of selected frame\cr
info locals&local variables of selected frame\cr