faq

早期freebsd实现

You tell nslookup that you want to search for mx records and then you give
it the name of the machine.  It tells you the preference for the mail
(small means more preferable), and who the mail should be sent to.  It also
includes sites that are authorative (have this name in their named database
files) for this MX record.  There are multiple sites as a backup.  As can
be seen, our local public internet access company dialix would like all of
their mail to be sent to uniwa, where they collect it from.  If uniwa is
not up, send it to munnari and munnari will get it to uniwa eventually.

NOTE: For historical reasons Australia used to be .oz which was changed to
.oz.au to move to the ISO standard extensions upon the advent of IP.  We
are now moving to a more normal heirarchy which is where the .edu.au comes
from.  Pity, I liked having oz.

DIG: dig <zone> mx

Getting a list of machines in a domain from nslookup.

Find a server that is authorative for the domain or just generally all
knowing.  To find a good server, find all the soa records for a given
domain.  To do this, you set type=soa and enter the domain just like in the
two previous examples.

Once you have a server type 

> ls gu.uwa.edu.au.
[uniwa.uwa.edu.au]
Host or domain name            Internet address
 gu                             server = mackerel.gu.uwa.edu.au
 gu                             server = uniwa.uwa.edu.au
 gu                             130.95.100.3
 snuffle-upagus                 130.95.100.131
 mullet                         130.95.100.2
 mackerel                       130.95.100.3
 marlin                         130.95.100.4
 gugate                         130.95.100.1
 gugate                         130.95.100.129
 helpdesk                       130.95.100.180
 lan                            130.95.100.0
 big-bird                       130.95.100.130

To get a list of all the machines in the domain.

If you wanted to find a list of all of the MX records for the domain, you
can put a -m flag in the ls command.

> ls -m gu.uwa.edu.au.
[uniwa.uwa.edu.au]
Host or domain name            Metric Host
 gu                             100  mackerel.gu.uwa.edu.au
 gu                             200  uniwa.uwa.edu.au

This only works for a limited selection of the different types.

DIG: dig axfr <zone> @<server>



Appendix A


;
;       This file holds the information on root name servers needed to
;       initialize cache of Internet domain name servers
;       (e.g. reference this file in the "cache  .  <file>"
;       configuration file of BIND domain name servers).
;
;       This file is made available by InterNIC registration services
;       under anonymous FTP as
;           file                /domain/named.root
;           on server           FTP.RS.INTERNIC.NET
;       -OR- under Gopher at RS.INTERNIC.NET
;           under menu          InterNIC Registration Services (NSI)
;              submenu          InterNIC Registration Archives
;           file                named.root
;
;       last update:    April 21, 1993
;       related version of root zone:   930421
;
.                        99999999 IN  NS    NS.INTERNIC.NET.
NS.INTERNIC.NET.         99999999     A     198.41.0.4
.                        99999999     NS    KAVA.NISC.SRI.COM.
KAVA.NISC.SRI.COM.       99999999     A     192.33.33.24
.                        99999999     NS    C.NYSER.NET.
C.NYSER.NET.             99999999     A     192.33.4.12
.                        99999999     NS    TERP.UMD.EDU.
TERP.UMD.EDU.            99999999     A     128.8.10.90
.                        99999999     NS    NS.NASA.GOV.
NS.NASA.GOV.             99999999     A     128.102.16.10
                         99999999     A     192.52.195.10
.                        99999999     NS    NS.NIC.DDN.MIL.
NS.NIC.DDN.MIL.          99999999     A     192.112.36.4
.                        99999999     NS    AOS.ARL.ARMY.MIL.
AOS.ARL.ARMY.MIL.        99999999     A     128.63.4.82
                         99999999     A     192.5.25.82
.                        99999999     NS    NIC.NORDU.NET.
NIC.NORDU.NET.           99999999     A     192.36.148.17
; End of File


Appendix B

An Excerpt from
RFC 1340		    Assigned Numbers		       July 1992


			       MACHINE NAMES

   These are the Official Machine Names	as they	appear in the Domain Name
   System HINFO	records	and the	NIC Host Table.	 Their use is described	in
   RFC-952 [53].

   A machine name or CPU type may be up	to 40 characters taken from the
   set of uppercase letters, digits, and the two punctuation characters
   hyphen and slash.  It must start with a letter, and end with	a letter
   or digit.

      ALTO				    DEC-1080
      ALTOS-6800			    DEC-1090
      AMDAHL-V7				    DEC-1090B
      APOLLO				    DEC-1090T
      ATARI-104ST			    DEC-2020T
      ATT-3B1				    DEC-2040
      ATT-3B2				    DEC-2040T
      ATT-3B20				    DEC-2050T
      ATT-7300				    DEC-2060
      BBN-C/60				    DEC-2060T
      BURROUGHS-B/29			    DEC-2065
      BURROUGHS-B/4800			    DEC-FALCON
      BUTTERFLY				    DEC-KS10
      C/30				    DEC-VAX-11730
      C/70				    DORADO
      CADLINC				    DPS8/70M
      CADR				    ELXSI-6400
      CDC-170				    EVEREX-386
      CDC-170/750			    FOONLY-F2
      CDC-173				    FOONLY-F3
      CELERITY-1200			    FOONLY-F4
      CLUB-386				    GOULD
      COMPAQ-386/20			    GOULD-6050
      COMTEN-3690			    GOULD-6080
      CP8040				    GOULD-9050
      CRAY-1				    GOULD-9080
      CRAY-X/MP				    H-316
      CRAY-2				    H-60/68
      CTIWS-117				    H-68
      DANDELION				    H-68/80
      DEC-10				    H-89
      DEC-1050				    HONEYWELL-DPS-6
      DEC-1077				    HONEYWELL-DPS-8/70
      HP3000				    ONYX-Z8000
      HP3000/64				    PDP-11
      IBM-158				    PDP-11/3
      IBM-360/67			    PDP-11/23
      IBM-370/3033			    PDP-11/24
      IBM-3081				    PDP-11/34
      IBM-3084QX			    PDP-11/40
      IBM-3101				    PDP-11/44
      IBM-4331				    PDP-11/45
      IBM-4341				    PDP-11/50
      IBM-4361				    PDP-11/70
      IBM-4381				    PDP-11/73
      IBM-4956				    PE-7/32
      IBM-6152				    PE-3205
      IBM-PC				    PERQ
      IBM-PC/AT				    PLEXUS-P/60
      IBM-PC/RT				    PLI
      IBM-PC/XT				    PLURIBUS
      IBM-SERIES/1			    PRIME-2350
      IMAGEN				    PRIME-2450
      IMAGEN-8/300			    PRIME-2755
      IMSAI				    PRIME-9655
      INTEGRATED-SOLUTIONS		    PRIME-9755
      INTEGRATED-SOLUTIONS-68K		    PRIME-9955II
      INTEGRATED-SOLUTIONS-CREATOR	    PRIME-2250
      INTEGRATED-SOLUTIONS-CREATOR-8	    PRIME-2655
      INTEL-386				    PRIME-9955
      INTEL-IPSC			    PRIME-9950
      IS-1				    PRIME-9650
      IS-68010				    PRIME-9750
      LMI				    PRIME-2250
      LSI-11				    PRIME-750
      LSI-11/2				    PRIME-850
      LSI-11/23				    PRIME-550II
      LSI-11/73				    PYRAMID-90
      M68000				    PYRAMID-90MX
      MAC-II				    PYRAMID-90X
      MASSCOMP				    RIDGE
      MC500				    RIDGE-32
      MC68000				    RIDGE-32C
      MICROPORT				    ROLM-1666
      MICROVAX				    S1-MKIIA
      MICROVAX-I			    SMI
      MV/8000				    SEQUENT-BALANCE-8000
      NAS3-5				    SIEMENS
      NCR-COMTEN-3690			    SILICON-GRAPHICS
      NEXT/N1000-316			    SILICON-GRAPHICS-IRIS
      NOW				    SGI-IRIS-2400
      SGI-IRIS-2500			    SUN-3/50
      SGI-IRIS-3010			    SUN-3/60
      SGI-IRIS-3020			    SUN-3/75
      SGI-IRIS-3030			    SUN-3/80
      SGI-IRIS-3110			    SUN-3/110
      SGI-IRIS-3115			    SUN-3/140
      SGI-IRIS-3120			    SUN-3/150
      SGI-IRIS-3130			    SUN-3/160
      SGI-IRIS-4D/20			    SUN-3/180
      SGI-IRIS-4D/20G			    SUN-3/200
      SGI-IRIS-4D/25			    SUN-3/260
      SGI-IRIS-4D/25G			    SUN-3/280
      SGI-IRIS-4D/25S			    SUN-3/470
      SGI-IRIS-4D/50			    SUN-3/480
      SGI-IRIS-4D/50G			    SUN-4/60
      SGI-IRIS-4D/50GT			    SUN-4/110
      SGI-IRIS-4D/60			    SUN-4/150
      SGI-IRIS-4D/60G			    SUN-4/200
      SGI-IRIS-4D/60T			    SUN-4/260
      SGI-IRIS-4D/60GT			    SUN-4/280
      SGI-IRIS-4D/70			    SUN-4/330
      SGI-IRIS-4D/70G			    SUN-4/370
      SGI-IRIS-4D/70GT			    SUN-4/390
      SGI-IRIS-4D/80GT			    SUN-50
      SGI-IRIS-4D/80S			    SUN-100
      SGI-IRIS-4D/120GTX		    SUN-120
      SGI-IRIS-4D/120S			    SUN-130
      SGI-IRIS-4D/210GTX		    SUN-150
      SGI-IRIS-4D/210S			    SUN-170
      SGI-IRIS-4D/220GTX		    SUN-386i/250
      SGI-IRIS-4D/220S			    SUN-68000
      SGI-IRIS-4D/240GTX		    SYMBOLICS-3600
      SGI-IRIS-4D/240S			    SYMBOLICS-3670
      SGI-IRIS-4D/280GTX		    SYMMETRIC-375
      SGI-IRIS-4D/280S			    SYMULT
      SGI-IRIS-CS/12			    TANDEM-TXP
      SGI-IRIS-4SERVER-8		    TANDY-6000
      SPERRY-DCP/10			    TEK-6130
      SUN				    TI-EXPLORER
      SUN-2				    TP-4000
      SUN-2/50				    TRS-80
      SUN-2/100				    UNIVAC-1100
      SUN-2/120				    UNIVAC-1100/60
      SUN-2/130				    UNIVAC-1100/62
      SUN-2/140				    UNIVAC-1100/63
      SUN-2/150				    UNIVAC-1100/64
      SUN-2/160				    UNIVAC-1100/70
      SUN-2/170				    UNIVAC-1160
      UNKNOWN
      VAX-11/725
      VAX-11/730
      VAX-11/750
      VAX-11/780
      VAX-11/785
      VAX-11/790
      VAX-11/8600
      VAX-8600
      WANG-PC002
      WANG-VS100
      WANG-VS400
      WYSE-386
      XEROX-1108
      XEROX-8010
      ZENITH-148

			       SYSTEM NAMES

   These are the Official System Names as they appear in the Domain Name
   System HINFO	records	and the	NIC Host Table.	 Their use is described
   in RFC-952 [53].

   A system name may be	up to 40 characters taken from the set of upper-
   case	letters, digits, and the three punctuation characters hyphen,
   period, and slash.  It must start with a letter, and	end with a
   letter or digit.

   AEGIS		     LISP		       SUN OS 3.5
   APOLLO		     LISPM		       SUN OS 4.0
   AIX/370		     LOCUS		       SWIFT
   AIX-PS/2		     MACOS		       TAC
   BS-2000		     MINOS		       TANDEM
   CEDAR		     MOS		       TENEX
   CGW			     MPE5		       TOPS10
   CHORUS		     MSDOS		       TOPS20
   CHRYSALIS		     MULTICS		       TOS
   CMOS			     MUSIC		       TP3010
   CMS			     MUSIC/SP		       TRSDOS
   COS			     MVS		       ULTRIX
   CPIX			     MVS/SP		       UNIX
   CTOS			     NEXUS		       UNIX-BSD
   CTSS			     NMS		       UNIX-V1AT
   DCN			     NONSTOP		       UNIX-V
   DDNOS		     NOS-2		       UNIX-V.1
   DOMAIN		     NTOS		       UNIX-V.2
   DOS			     OS/DDP		       UNIX-V.3
   EDX			     OS/2		       UNIX-PC
   ELF			     OS4		       UNKNOWN
   EMBOS		     OS86		       UT2D
   EMMOS		     OSX		       V
   EPOS			     PCDOS		       VM
   FOONEX		     PERQ/OS		       VM/370
   FUZZ			     PLI		       VM/CMS
   GCOS			     PSDOS/MIT		       VM/SP
   GPOS			     PRIMOS		       VMS
   HDOS			     RMX/RDOS		       VMS/EUNICE
   IMAGEN		     ROS		       VRTX
   INTERCOM		     RSX11M		       WAITS
   IMPRESS		     RTE-A		       WANG
   INTERLISP		     SATOPS		       WIN32
   IOS			     SCO-XENIX/386	       X11R3
   IRIX			     SCS		       XDE
   ISI-68020		     SIMP		       XENIX
   ITS			     SUN



Appendix C     Installing DNS on a Sun when running NIS

====================
 2)     How to get DNS to be used when running NIS ?

        First setup the appropriate /etc/resolv.conf file.
        Something like this should do the "trick".

        ;
        ; Data file for a client.
        ;
        domain          local domain
        nameserver      address of primary domain nameserver
        nameserver      address of secondary domain nameserver

        where:  "local domain" is the domain part of the hostnames.
                 For example, if your hostname is "thor.ece.uc.edu"
                 your "local domain" is "ece.uc.edu".

        You will need to put a copy of this resolv.conf on
        all NIS(YP) servers including slaves.

        Under SunOS 4.1 and greater, change the "B=" at the top
        of the /var/yp/Makefile to "B=-b" and setup NIS in the
        usual fashion.

        You will need reboot or restart ypserv for these changes
        to take affect.

        Under 4.0.x, edit the Makefile or apply the following "diff":

*** Makefile.orig       Wed Jan 10 13:22:11 1990
--- Makefile    Wed Jan 10 13:22:01 1990
***************
*** 63 ****
!                   | $(MAKEDBM) - $(YPDBDIR)/$(DOM)/hosts.byname; \
--- 63 ----
!                   | $(MAKEDBM) -b - $(YPDBDIR)/$(DOM)/hosts.byname; \
***************
*** 66 ****
!                   | $(MAKEDBM) - $(YPDBDIR)/$(DOM)/hosts.byaddr; \
--- 66 ----
!                   | $(MAKEDBM) -b - $(YPDBDIR)/$(DOM)/hosts.byaddr; \
====================

--
Craig Richmond.  Computer Officer -  Dept of Economics (morning) 380 3860
  University of Western Australia    Dept of Education (afternoon)   2368
[e-mail] Dvorak Keyboards RULE!  "Messes are only acceptable
if users make them.  Applications aren't allowed this freedom" I.M.VI 2-4