readme

早期freebsd实现

	the commands understood by the mailing list management software.

	Submissions (including bug reports) should be directed to:

	    [e-mail]

	When corresponding about this software please always specify what
	version you have, what system you're running on, and, if the problem is
	specific to your modem, identify the modem and firmware revision.


+--------------------------------+
| TWEAKING CONFIGURATION OPTIONS |
+--------------------------------+

There are a large number of configuration options that don't normally
need to be changed.  However, if you feel you need to tweak them, you
can define the following M4 variables.  This list is shown in four
columns:  the name you define, the default value for that definition,
the option or macro that is affected (either Ox for an option or Dx
for a macro), and a brief description.  Greater detail of the semantics
can be found in the Installation and Operations Guide.

Some options are likely to be deprecated in future versions -- that is,
the option is only included to provide back-compatibility.  These are
marked with "*".

Remember that these options are M4 variables, and hence may need to
be quoted.  In particular, arguments with commas will usually have to
be ``double quoted, like this phrase'' to avoid having the comma
confuse things.  This is common for alias file definitions and for
the read timeout.

M4 Variable Name	Default		Mac/Opt	Description
================	=======		=======	===========
confMAILER_NAME		MAILER-DAEMON	Dn	The sender name used for
						internally generated
						outgoing messages.
confFROM_LINE		From $g  $d	Dl	The From_ line used when
						sending to files or programs.
confFROM_HEADER		$?x$x <$g>$|$g$.	The format of an internally
					Dq	generated From: address.
confOPERATORS		.:%@!^/[]	Do	Address operator characters.
confSMTP_LOGIN_MSG	$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b
					De	The initial (spontaneous)
						SMTP greeting message.
confSEVEN_BIT_INPUT	False		O7	Force input to seven bits?
confALIAS_WAIT		10		Oa	Wait (in minutes) for alias
						file rebuild.
confMIN_FREE_BLOCKS	4		Ob	Minimum number of free blocks
						on queue filesystem to accept
						SMTP mail.
confBLANK_SUB		.		OB	Blank (space) substitution
						character.
confCON_EXPENSIVE	False		Oc	Avoid connecting immediately
						to mailers marked expensive?
confCHECKPOINT_INTERVAL	10		OC	Checkpoint queue files
						every N recipients.
confDELIVERY_MODE	background	Od	Default delivery mode.
confAUTO_REBUILD	False		OD	Automatically rebuild
						alias file if needed.
confERROR_MODE		(undefined)	Oe	Error message mode.
confERROR_MESSAGE	(undefined)	OE	Error message header/file.
confSAVE_FROM_LINES	False		Of	Save extra leading
						From_ lines.
confTEMP_FILE_MODE	0600		OF	Temporary file mode.
confDEF_GROUP_ID	1		Og	Default group id.
confMATCH_GECOS		False		OG	Match GECOS field.
confMAX_HOP		17		Oh	Maximum hop count.
confIGNORE_DOTS		False		Oi *	Ignore dot as terminator
						for incoming messages?
confBIND_OPTS		(empty)		OI	Default options for BIND.
confMIME_FORMAT_ERRORS	True		Oj *	Send error messages as MIME-
						encapsulated messages per
						RFC 1344.
confFORWARD_PATH	(undefined)	OJ	The colon-separated list of
						places to search for .forward
						files.
confMCI_CACHE_SIZE	2		Ok	Size of open connection cache.
confMCI_CACHE_TIMEOUT	5m		OK	Open connection cache timeout.
confUSE_ERRORS_TO	False		Ol *	Use the Errors-To: header to
						deliver error messages.  This
						should not be necessary because
						of general acceptance of the
						envelope/header distinction.
confLOG_LEVEL		9		OL	Log level.
confME_TOO		False		Om	Include sender in group
						expansions.
confCHECK_ALIASES	True		On	Check RHS of aliases when
						running newaliases.
confOLD_STYLE_HEADERS	True		Oo *	Assume that headers without
						special chars are old style.
confDAEMON_OPTIONS	(undefined)	OO	SMTP daemon options.
confPRIVACY_FLAGS	authwarnings	Op	Privacy flags.
confCOPY_ERRORS_TO	(undefined)	OP	Address for additional copies
						of all error messages.
confQUEUE_FACTOR	(undefined)	Oq	Slope of queue-only function
confREAD_TIMEOUT	(undefined)	Or	SMTP read timeouts.
confSAFE_QUEUE		True		Os *	Commit all messages to disk
						before forking.
confMESSAGE_TIMEOUT	5d/4h		OT	Timeout for messages before
						sending error/warning message.
confTIME_ZONE		USE_SYSTEM	Ot	Time zone info -- can be
						USE_SYSTEM to use the system's
						idea, USE_TZ to use the user's
						TZ envariable, or something
						else to force that value.
confDEF_USER_ID		1		Ou	Default user id.
confUSERDB_SPEC		(undefined)	OU	User database specification.
confFALLBACK_MX		(undefined)	OV	Fallback MX host.
confTRY_NULL_MX_LIST	False		Ow	If we are the best MX for a
						host and haven't made other
						arrangements, try connecting
						to the host directly; normally
						this would be a config error.
confQUEUE_LA		8		Ox	Load average at which queue-only
						function kicks in.
confREFUSE_LA		12		OX	Load average at which incoming
						SMTP connections are refused.
confWORK_RECIPIENT_FACTOR
			(undefined)	Oy	Cost of each recipient.
confSEPARATE_PROC	False		OY	Run all deliveries in a
						separate process.
confWORK_CLASS_FACTOR	(undefined)	Oz	Priority multiplier for class.
confWORK_TIME_FACTOR	(undefined)	OZ	Cost of each delivery attempt.
confCW_FILE		/etc/sendmail.cw	Name of file used to get the
					Fw	local additions to the $=w
						class.
confSMTP_MAILER		smtp		-	The mailer name used when
						SMTP connectivity is required.
						Either "smtp" or "esmtp".
confLOCAL_MAILER	local		-	The mailer name used when
						local connectivity is required.
						Almost always "local".
confRELAY_MAILER	relay		-	The default mailer name used
						for relaying any mail (e.g.,
						to a BITNET_RELAY, a
						SMART_HOST, or whatever).
						This can reasonably be "suucp"
						if you are on a UUCP-connected
						site.
confDOMAIN_NAME		(undefined)	Dj	If defined, sets $j.


+-----------+
| HIERARCHY |
+-----------+

Within this directory are several subdirectories, to wit:

m4		General support routines.  These are typically
		very important and should not be changed without
		very careful consideration.

cf		The configuration files themselves.  They have
		".mc" suffixes, and must be run through m4 to
		become complete.  The resulting output should
		have a ".cf" suffix.

ostype		Definitions describing a particular operating
		system type.  These should always be referenced
		using the OSTYPE macro in the .mc file.  Examples
		include "bsd4.3", "bsd4.4", "sunos3.5", and
		"sunos4.1".

domain		Definitions describing a particular domain, referenced
		using the DOMAIN macro in the .mc file.  These are
		site dependent; for example, we contribute "cs.exposed.m4"
		and "cs.hidden.m4" which both describe hosts in the
		CS.Berkeley.EDU subdomain; the former displays the local
		hostname (e.g., mammoth.CS.Berkeley.EDU), whereas the
		latter does its best to hide the identity of the local
		workstation inside the CS subdomain.

mailer		Descriptions of mailers.   These are referenced using
		the MAILER macro in the .mc file.

sh		Shell files used when building the .cf file from the
		.mc file in the cf subdirectory.

feature		These hold special orthogonal features that you might
		want to include.  They should be referenced using
		the FEATURE macro.

hack		Local hacks.  These can be referenced using the HACK
		macro.  They shouldn't be of more than voyeuristic
		interest outside the .Berkeley.EDU domain, but who knows?
		We've all got our own peccadillos.

siteconfig	Site configuration -- e.g., tables of locally connected
		UUCP sites.


+------------------------+
| ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS |
+------------------------+

The following sections detail usage of certain internal parts of the
sendmail.cf file.  Read them carefully if you are trying to modify
the current model.  If you find the above descriptions adequate, these
should be {boring, confusing, tedious, ridiculous} (pick one or more).

RULESETS (* means built in to sendmail)

   0 *	Parsing
   1 *	Sender rewriting
   2 *	Recipient rewriting
   3 *	Canonicalization
   4 *	Post cleanup
   5 *	Local address rewrite (after aliasing)
  1x	mailer rules (sender qualification)
  2x	mailer rules (recipient qualification)
  3x	mailer rules (sender header qualification)
  4x	mailer rules (recipient header qualification)
  5x	mailer subroutines (general)
  6x	mailer subroutines (general)
  7x	mailer subroutines (general)
  8x	reserved
  90	Mailertable host stripping
  96	Bottom half of Ruleset 3 (ruleset 6 in old sendmail)
  97	Hook for recursive ruleset 0 call (ruleset 7 in old sendmail)
  98	Local part of ruleset 0 (ruleset 8 in old sendmail)


MAILERS

   0	local, prog	local and program mailers
   1	[e]smtp, relay	SMTP channel
   2	uucp-*		UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program
   3	netnews		Network News delivery
   4	fax		Sam Leffler's FlexFAX software


MACROS

   A
   B	Bitnet Relay
   C
   D	The local domain -- usually not needed
   E
   F	FAX Relay
   G
   H	mail Hub (for mail clusters)
   I
   J
   K
   L
   M	Masquerade (who I claim to be)
   N
   O
   P
   Q
   R	Relay (for unqualified names)
   S	Smart Host
   T
   U	my UUCP name (if I have a UUCP connection)
   V	UUCP Relay (class V hosts)
   W	UUCP Relay (class W hosts)
   X	UUCP Relay (class X hosts)
   Y	UUCP Relay (all other hosts)
   Z	Version number


CLASSES

   A
   B
   C
   D
   E	addresses that should not seem to come from $M
   F	hosts we forward for
   G
   H
   I
   J
   K
   L	addresses that should not be forwarded to $R
   M
   N
   O	operators that indicate network operations (cannot be in local names)
   P	top level pseudo-domains: BITNET, FAX, UUCP, etc.
   Q
   R
   S
   T
   U	locally connected UUCP hosts
   V	UUCP hosts connected to relay $V
   W	UUCP hosts connected to relay $W
   X	UUCP hosts connected to relay $X
   Y	locally connected smart UUCP hosts
   Z	locally connected domain-ized UUCP hosts
   .	the class containing only a dot


M4 DIVERSIONS

   1	Local host detection and resolution
   2	Local Ruleset 3 additions
   3	Local Ruleset 0 additions
   4	UUCP Ruleset 0 additions
   5	locally interpreted names (overrides $R)
   6	local configuration (at top of file)
   7	mailer definitions
   8
   9	special local rulesets (1 and 2)