changes.ps

早期freebsd实现

R .137(This asks sendmail to search the)5.137 F .16
(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 566.4 R -.25(va)-.2 G .16(ilable e)
.25 F .161(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .161
(The intent is to route)5.161 F .738(internal traf)102 578.4 R .738
(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F .738
(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .737(MX e)5.737 F
(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 590.4 Q(vidual items.)-.25 E
F0 2.5(2.26. Aliases)87 614.4 R(Extended)2.5 E F1 .298
(The implementation has been mer)127 630.6 R .298(ged with maps.)-.18 F .299
(Among other things, this supports multiple)5.298 F
(alias \214les and NIS-based aliases.)102 642.6 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample:)258.34 642.6 Q -.35(OA)142 658.8 S(/etc/aliases,nis:mail.aliases).35 E
(will search \214rst the local database \231/etc/aliases\232 follo)102 675 Q
(wed by the NIS map)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)72 60 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(9)499 60 Q
2.5(2.27. P)87 96 R(ortability and Security Enhancements)-.2 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(An)127 112.2 S(umber of internal changes ha)141.72 112.2
Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127
128.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E .46
(In particular)127 144.6 R 2.96(,t)-.4 G .46(he permissions required for .forw)
184.45 144.6 R .46(ard and :include: \214les ha)-.1 F .76 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .46
(een tightened up).15 F(considerably)102 156.6 Q 5.182(.V)-.65 G 2.683(5w)
167.352 156.6 S .183(ould pretty much read an)182.155 156.6 R 2.683<798c>-.15 G
.183(le it could get to as root, which e)295.96 156.6 R .183(xposed some secu-)
-.15 F 1.02(rity holes.)102 168.6 R 1.02
(V8 insists that all directories leading up to the .forw)6.02 F 1.02
(ard or :include: \214le be searchable)-.1 F .334
(\("x" permission\) by the controlling user" \(de\214ned belo)102 180.6 R .335
(w\), that the \214le itself be readable by the con-)-.25 F(trolling user)102
192.6 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(nd that .forw)159.65 192.6 Q(ard \214les be o)-.1 E
(wned by the user who is being forw)-.25 E(arded to or root.)-.1 E .565
(The "controlling user" is the user on whose behalf the mail is being deli)127
208.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.065(red. F).15 F .565(or e)-.15 F(xample,)-.15 E .459
(if you mail to "user1" then the controlling user for ~user1/.forw)102 220.8 R
.46(ard and an)-.1 F 2.96(ym)-.15 G .46(ailers in)416.94 220.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G
-.1(ke).2 G 2.96(db).1 G 2.96(yt)481.04 220.8 S(hat)491.78 220.8 Q(.forw)102
232.8 Q(ard \214le, including :include: \214les.)-.1 E(Pre)127 249 Q(viously)
-.25 E 2.816(,a)-.65 G -.15(ny)178.636 249 S .316
(one who had a home directory could create a .forw).15 F .316(ard could forw)
-.1 F .316(ard to a pro-)-.1 F 2.965(gram. No)102 261 R 1.765 -.65(w, s)-.25 H
.466(endmail checks to mak).65 F 2.966(es)-.1 G .466(ure that the)262.934 261 R
2.966(yh)-.15 G -2.25 -.2(av e)321.672 261 T .466(an "appro)3.166 F -.15(ve)
-.15 G 2.966(ds).15 G .466(hell", that is, a shell listed)398.42 261 R
(in the /etc/shells \214le.)102 273 Q F0 2.5(2.28. Miscellaneous)87 297 R
(Fixes and Enhancements)2.5 E F1 4.03(An)127 313.2 S 1.53(umber of small b)
143.25 313.2 R 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)
-.1 G 1.53(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)364.72 313.2 R(comments ha)102
325.2 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E 1.552(The \214x)127 341.4
R 1.552(ed size limit on header lines \(such as \231T)-.15 F 1.553
(o:\232 and \231Cc:\232\) has been eliminated; those)-.8 F -.2(bu)102 353.4 S
-.25(ff).2 G(ers are dynamically allocated no).25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .289(Sendma\
il writes a /etc/sendmail.pid \214le with the current process id and the curre\
nt in)127 369.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation).2 E(\215ags.)102 381.6 Q -1 -.8(Tw o)127
397.8 T .218
(people using the same program \(e.g., submit\) are considered "dif)3.518 F
.219(ferent" so that duplicate)-.25 F .508(elimination doesn')102 409.8 R 3.008
(td)-.18 G .508(elete one of them.)187.836 409.8 R -.15(Fo)5.508 G 3.008(re).15
G .508(xample, tw)287.556 409.8 R 3.008(op)-.1 G .508(eople forw)345.412 409.8
R .508(arding their email to |submit)-.1 F(will be treated as tw)102 421.8 Q
2.5(or)-.1 G(ecipients.)193.27 421.8 Q .721(The mailstats program prints maile\
r names and gets the location of the sendmail.st \214le from)127 438 R
(/etc/sendmail.cf.)102 450 Q(Man)127 466.2 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)160.46 466.2
Q(ugs ha)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E
(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127 482.4
S(ook has been added to allo)141.72 482.4 Q 2.5(wr)-.25 G -.25(ew)260.89 482.4
S(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5(3. FUTURE)72 506.4 R
-.1(WO)2.5 G(RK).1 E F1 1.719(The pre)112 522.6 R 1.719
(vious section describes)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.219 E F1
1.719(as of v)4.219 F 1.719(ersion 8.6.6.)-.15 F 1.718
(There is still much to be done.)6.719 F(Some high points are described belo)87
534.6 Q 3.8 -.65(w. T)-.25 H(his list is by no means e).65 E(xhausti)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F0 2.5(3.1. Full)87 558.6 R(MIME Support)2.5 E F1
(Currently)127 574.8 Q F2(sendmail)3.305 E F1 .805(only supports se)3.305 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.305(nb).15 G .805(it MIME messages.)297.005 574.8 R .806
(Although it can pass eight bit)5.805 F .371(MIME messages, it cannot adv)102
586.8 R .371(ertise that f)-.15 F .37
(act because the standards say that the mail agent must be)-.1 F .26
(able to do 8- to 7-bit con)102 598.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .26(rsion to ha).15 F
.561 -.15(ve f)-.2 H .261(ull 8-bit support.).15 F .261(This requires f)5.261 F
.261(ar more e)-.1 F(xtensi)-.15 E .561 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(odi\214-).15 E
(cation of the message body than is currently supported.)102 610.8 Q .464
(The best w)127 627 R .464(ay to do this w)-.1 F .463
(ould be to support the general concept of an e)-.1 F .463(xternal `)-.15 F
.463(`message \214l-)-.74 F(ter')102 639 Q 3.319('t)-.74 G .819
(hat could do arbitrary modi\214cations of the message.)124.569 639 R .819
(This w)5.819 F .82(ould allo)-.1 F 3.32(wM)-.25 G .82(IME con)427.37 639 R
-.15(ve)-.4 G .82(rsion as).15 F .63
(well as such things as automatic encryption of messages sent o)102 651 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 3.129(re).15 G .629(xternal links.)379.264 651 R .629
(This is probably)5.629 F(an e)102 663 Q(xtremely non-tri)-.15 E(vial change.)
-.25 E F0 2.5(3.2. Ser)87 687 R(vice Switch Abstraction)-.1 E F1 .369(Most mod\
ern systems include some concept of a \231service switch\232 \212 for e)127
703.2 R .37(xample, to look up)-.15 F .984
(host names you can try DNS, NIS, NIS+, te)102 715.2 R .984
(xt tables, NetInfo, or other services in some arbitrary)-.15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 287.15(10 Changes)72 60 R(in Sendmail V)2.5 E(ersion 8)
-1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(order)102 96 Q 5.174(.T)-.55 G .174
(his is currently v)136.334 96 R .174(ery clumsy in)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(sendmail)2.674 E F1 2.674(,w)C .174
(ith only limited control of the services pro)309.612 96 R(vided.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(3.3. Mor)87 120 R 2.5(eC)-.18 G(ontr)139.86 120 Q(ol of Local Addr)-.18 E
(esses)-.18 E F1 .943(Currently some addresses are declared as \231local\232 a\
nd are handled specially \212 for e)127 136.2 R(xample,)-.15 E(the)102 148.2 Q
3.455(ym)-.15 G .955(ay ha)130.305 148.2 R 1.255 -.15(ve .)-.2 H(forw).15 E
.956(ard \214les, may be translated into program calls or \214le deli)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .956(ries, and so forth.).15 F .311(These should be brok)102
160.2 R .311(en out into separate \215ags to allo)-.1 F 2.811(wt)-.25 G .31
(he local system administrator to ha)330.29 160.2 R .61 -.15(ve m)-.2 H(ore).15
E(\214ne-grained control o)102 172.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ro).15 G(perations.)
208.62 172.2 Q F0 2.5(3.4. Mor)87 196.2 R 2.5(eR)-.18 G(un-T)139.86 196.2 Q
(ime Con\214guration Options)-.18 E F1 .016(There are man)127 212.4 R 2.516(yo)
-.15 G .016(ptions that are con\214gured at compile time, such as the method o\
f \214le locking)197.148 212.4 R .719
(and the use of the IDENT protocol [RFC1413].)102 224.4 R .719
(These should be transfered to run time by adding)5.719 F(ne)102 236.4 Q 2.5
(wo)-.25 G(ptions.)125.91 236.4 Q(Similarly)127 252.6 Q 3.413(,s)-.65 G .913
(ome options are currently o)173.383 252.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G .913
(rloaded, that is, a single option controls more than).15 F(one thing.)102
264.6 Q(These should probably be brok)5 E(en out into separate options.)-.1 E
(This implies that options will change from single characters to w)127 280.8 Q
(ords.)-.1 E F0 2.5(3.5. Mor)87 304.8 R 2.5(eC)-.18 G(on\214guration Contr)
139.86 304.8 Q(ol Ov)-.18 E(er Err)-.1 E(ors)-.18 E F1(Currently)127 321 Q
3.649(,t)-.65 G 1.148
(he con\214guration \214le can generate an error message during parsing.)
173.609 321 R(Ho)6.148 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.948 -.4(r, i).15 H(t).4 E
.569(cannot tweak other operations, such as issuing a w)102 333 R .57
(arning message to the system postmaster)-.1 F 5.57(.S)-.55 G(imi-)487.33 333 Q
(larly)102 345 Q 2.558(,s)-.65 G .057
(ome errors should not be triggered if the)128.628 345 R 2.557(ya)-.15 G .057
(re in aliases during an alias \214le reb)302.237 345 R .057(uild, b)-.2 F .057
(ut should)-.2 F(be triggered if that alias is actually used.)102 357 Q F0 2.5
(3.6. Long)87 381 R -.92(Te)2.5 G(rm Host State).92 E F1(Currently)127 397.2 Q
(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.731 E F1 1.231
(only remembers host status during a single queue run.)3.731 F 1.232
(This should be)6.232 F(con)102 409.2 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .492(rted to long term s\
tatus stored on disk so it can be shared between instantiations of).15 F F2
(sendmail)2.991 E F1(.)A .866(Entries will ha)102 421.2 R 1.167 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
3.367(ob).15 G 3.367(et)190.666 421.2 S .867(imestamped so the)201.253 421.2 R
3.367(yc)-.15 G .867(an time out.)290.084 421.2 R .867(This will allo)5.867 F
(w)-.25 E F2(sendmail)3.367 E F1 .867(to implement)3.367 F -.15(ex)102 433.2 S
(ponential back).15 E(of)-.1 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(nq)188.7 433.2 S
(ueue runs on a per)201.2 433.2 Q(-host basis.)-.2 E F0 2.5(3.7. Connection)87
457.2 R(Contr)2.5 E(ol)-.18 E F1 .819(Modern netw)127 473.4 R .819(orks ha)-.1
F 1.119 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(if).15 E .819(ferent types of connecti)-.25 F .818
(vity than the past.)-.25 F .818(In particular)5.818 F 3.318(,t)-.4 G .818
(he rising)468.462 473.4 R .636
(prominence of dialup IP has created certain challenges for automated serv)102
485.4 R 3.136(ers. It)-.15 F .636(is not uncommon)3.136 F .732(to try to mak)
102 497.4 R 3.232(eac)-.1 G .732(onnection to a host and ha)175.27 497.4 R
1.032 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 3.232(tf).15 G .732(ail, e)307.984 497.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.232(nt).15 G .732(hough if you tried ag)348.208 497.4 R .732(ain it w)-.05 F
.731(ould suc-)-.1 F 2.5(ceed. The)102 509.4 R
(connection management could be a bit cle)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rer to try to adapt to such situations.).15 E F0 2.5(3.8. Other)87 533.4 R
(Caching)2.5 E F1 .074(When you do an MX record lookup, the name serv)127 549.6
R .075(er automatically returns the IP addresses of)-.15 F .518
(the associated MX serv)102 561.6 R 3.018(ers. This)-.15 F .518
(information is currently ignored, and another query is done to get)3.018 F
(this information.)102 573.6 Q(It should be cached to a)5 E -.2(vo)-.2 G(id e)
.2 E(xcess name serv)-.15 E(er traf)-.15 E(\214c.)-.25 E F0 2.5(4. REFERENCES)
72 597.6 R F1([Allman83a])87 613.8 Q .137(\231Sendmail \212 An Internetw)123
625.8 R .137(ork Mail Router)-.1 F 4.037 -.7(.\232 E)-.55 H 2.638(.A).7 G 2.638
(llman. In)327.58 625.8 R F2 .138(Unix Pr)2.638 F -.1(og)-.45 G -.15(ra).1 G
(mmer).15 E(s')-.1 E 2.638(sM)-.4 G(anual,)463.582 625.8 Q F1(4.2)2.638 E(Berk)
123 637.8 Q(ele)-.1 E 2.5(yS)-.15 G(oftw)166.91 637.8 Q(are Distrib)-.1 E
(ution, v)-.2 E(olume 2C.)-.2 E(August 1983.)5 E([Allman83b])87 654 Q .384
(\231Mail Systems and Addressing in 4.2BSD.)123 666 R 5.384<9a45>-.7 G 2.884
(.A)311.544 666 S .383(llman In)324.148 666 R F2 .383(UNICOM Confer)2.883 F
.383(ence Pr)-.37 F(oceedings.)-.45 E F1(San Die)123 678 Q(go, California.)-.15
E(January 1983.)5 E([Allman&Amos85])87 694.2 Q -.74(``)123 706.2 S 1.145
(Sendmail Re).74 F(visited.)-.25 E 5.125 -.74('' E)-.7 H 3.645(.A).74 G 1.145
(llman and M. Amos.)241.215 706.2 R(In)6.145 E F2 1.145
(Usenix Summer 1985 Confer)3.645 F 1.145(ence Pr)-.37 F(o-)-.45 E(ceedings.)123
718.2 Q F1(Portland, Ore)5 E 2.5(gon. June)-.15 F(1985.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Changes in Sendmail V)72 60 Q(ersion 8)-1 E(11)494 60 Q
/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF([ID)87 96 Q(A87])-.4 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Electr)
1.97 E .983(onic Mail Addr)-.45 F .983(essing in Theory and Pr)-.37 F .982
(actice with the ID)-.15 F 3.482(AS)-.35 G .982(endmail Enhancement Kit)398.156
96 R .563(\(or The P)123 108 R(ostmaster')-.8 E 3.063(sL)-.4 G .563(ast W)
215.989 108 R .564(ill and T)-.55 F(estament\).)-.92 E F1 .564(Lennart Lo)5.564
F -.5(..)359.828 102 S 3.064(vstrand. Department)364.828 108 R .564
(of Computer)3.064 F 1.267(and Information Science, Uni)123 120 R -.15(ve)-.25
G 1.267(rsity of Link).15 F(o)-.1 E -.5(..)306.585 114 S 1.266
(ping, Sweden, Report no. LiTH-ID)311.585 120 R(A-Ex-8715.)-.4 E(May 1987.)123
132 Q([RFC821])87 148.2 Q F2(Simple Mail T)123 160.2 Q -.15(ra)-.55 G
(nsport Pr).15 E(otocol.)-.45 E F1(J. Postel.)5 E(August 1982.)5 E([RFC1123])87
176.4 Q F2(Requir)123 188.4 Q .163
(ements for Internet Hosts \212 Application and Support.)-.37 F F1 .164
(Internet Engineering T)5.164 F .164(ask F)-.8 F(orce,)-.15 E
(R. Braden, Editor)123 200.4 Q 5(.O)-.55 G(ctober 1989.)207.72 200.4 Q
([RFC1344])87 216.6 Q F2(Implications of MIME for Internet Mail Gate)123 228.6
Q(ways.)-.15 E F1(N. Borenstein.)5 E(June 1992.)5 E([RFC1413])87 244.8 Q F2
(Identi\214cation Pr)123 256.8 Q(otocol.)-.45 E F1(M. St. Johns.)5 E
(February 1993.)5 E([RFC1425])87 273 Q F2 2.352(SMTP Service Extensions.)123
285 R F1 2.352(J. Klensin, N. Freed, M. Rose, E. Stef)7.352 F 2.351
(ferud, and D. Crock)-.25 F(er)-.1 E(.)-.55 E(February 1993.)123 297 Q
([RFC1426])87 313.2 Q F2 .12(SMTP Service Extension for 8bit-MIMEtr)123 325.2 R
(ansport.)-.15 E F1 .12(J. Klensin, N. Freed, M. Rose, E. Stef)5.12 F(ferud,)
-.25 E(and D. Crock)123 337.