op.ps

早期freebsd实现

 editing to put the message into a format that is appropriate for the recei)72
360.6 R .604(ving domain.)-.25 F .604(All of this is)5.604 F
(done under the control of a con\214guration \214le.)72 372.6 Q .711
(Due to the requirements of \215e)97 388.8 R .711(xibility for)-.15 F F3
(sendmail)3.211 E F2 3.211(,t)C .71(he con\214guration \214le can seem some)
311.688 388.8 R .71(what unap-)-.25 F 2.893(proachable. Ho)72 400.8 R(we)-.25 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.193 -.4(r, t).15 H .393(here are only a fe).4 F 2.893(wb)-.25
G .394(asic con\214gurations for most sites, for which standard con\214gu-)
253.381 400.8 R .646(ration \214les ha)72 412.8 R .946 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .646
(een supplied.).15 F .645(Most other con\214gurations can be b)5.646 F .645
(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F .645(xisting con\214gura-)-.15 F
(tion \214les incrementally)72 424.8 Q(.)-.65 E F3(Sendmail)97 441 Q F2 .15
(is based on RFC822 \(Internet Mail F)2.65 F .15
(ormat Protocol\), RFC821 \(Simple Mail T)-.15 F .15(ransport Pro-)-.35 F .129
(tocol\), RFC1123 \(Internet Host Requirements\), and RFC1425 \(SMTP Service E\
xtensions\).)72 453 R(Ho)5.129 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .929 -.4(r, s).15 H
(ince).4 E F3(sendmail)72 465 Q F2 .749(is designed to w)3.249 F .749
(ork in a wider w)-.1 F .749(orld, in man)-.1 F 3.25(yc)-.15 G .75
(ases it can be con\214gured to e)309.31 465 R .75(xceed these proto-)-.15 F
2.5(cols. These)72 477 R(cases are described herein.)2.5 E(Although)97 493.2 Q
F3(sendmail)3.548 E F2 1.047(is intended to run without the need for monitorin\
g, it has a number of features)3.548 F 1.972(that may be used to monitor or ad\
just the operation under unusual circumstances.)72 505.2 R 1.972
(These features are)6.972 F(described.)72 517.2 Q .817
(Section one describes ho)97 533.4 R 3.317(wt)-.25 G 3.317(od)211.668 533.4 S
3.317(oa)224.985 533.4 S(basic)-.001 E F3(sendmail)3.316 E F2 3.316
(installation. Section)3.316 F(tw)3.316 E 3.316(oe)-.1 G .816
(xplains the day-to-day)412.938 533.4 R .282(information you should kno)72
545.4 R 2.782(wt)-.25 G 2.782(om)196.768 545.4 S .282
(aintain your mail system.)212.33 545.4 R .282(If you ha)5.282 F .583 -.15
(ve a r)-.2 H(elati).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .283(ly normal site, these tw).15 F(o)
-.1 E .635(sections should contain suf)72 557.4 R .635
(\214cient information for you to install)-.25 F F3(sendmail)3.135 E F2 .634
(and k)3.135 F .634(eep it happ)-.1 F 4.434 -.65(y. S)-.1 H .634(ection three)
.65 F .925(describes some parameters that may be safely tweak)72 569.4 R 3.425
(ed. Section)-.1 F .925(four has information re)3.425 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .925
(rding the com-).05 F .886(mand line ar)72 581.4 R 3.386(guments. Section)-.18
F<8c76>3.386 E 3.386(ec)-.15 G .885
(ontains the nitty-gritty information about the con\214guration \214le.)221.92
581.4 R(This)5.885 E .004
(section is for masochists and people who must write their o)72 593.4 R .005
(wn con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F .005(Section six describes con-)5.005 F .886
(\214guration that can be done at compile time.)72 605.4 R .886(Section se)
5.886 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.386(ng).15 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)322.1 605.4 T 3.386(sab)
.25 G .886(rief description of dif)354.022 605.4 R .885(ferences in this)-.25 F
-.15(ve)72 617.4 S 1.619(rsion of).15 F F3(sendmail)4.119 E F2 6.619(.T)C 1.619
(he appendix)169.197 617.4 R 1.619(es gi)-.15 F 1.919 -.15(ve a b)-.25 H 1.619
(rief b).15 F 1.619(ut detailed e)-.2 F 1.62
(xplanation of a number of features not)-.15 F
(described in the rest of the paper)72 629.4 Q(.)-.55 E .32 LW 76 680.4 72
680.4 DL 80 680.4 76 680.4 DL 84 680.4 80 680.4 DL 88 680.4 84 680.4 DL 92
680.4 88 680.4 DL 96 680.4 92 680.4 DL 100 680.4 96 680.4 DL 104 680.4 100
680.4 DL 108 680.4 104 680.4 DL 112 680.4 108 680.4 DL 116 680.4 112 680.4 DL
120 680.4 116 680.4 DL 124 680.4 120 680.4 DL 128 680.4 124 680.4 DL 132 680.4
128 680.4 DL 136 680.4 132 680.4 DL 140 680.4 136 680.4 DL 144 680.4 140 680.4
DL 148 680.4 144 680.4 DL 152 680.4 148 680.4 DL 156 680.4 152 680.4 DL 160
680.4 156 680.4 DL 164 680.4 160 680.4 DL 168 680.4 164 680.4 DL 172 680.4 168
680.4 DL 176 680.4 172 680.4 DL 180 680.4 176 680.4 DL 184 680.4 180 680.4 DL
188 680.4 184 680.4 DL 192 680.4 188 680.4 DL 196 680.4 192 680.4 DL 200 680.4
196 680.4 DL 204 680.4 200 680.4 DL 208 680.4 204 680.4 DL 212 680.4 208 680.4
DL 216 680.4 212 680.4 DL/F4 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(*UNIX is a trademark of Unix Systems Laboratories.)93.6 692.4 Q/F5 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 756 Q(SMM:08-1)
457.9 756 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-7)457.9 60 Q 2.5(1. B)72 96 R(ASIC INST)-.3 E(ALLA)-.9 E(TION)-.95 E/F1
10/Times-Roman@0 SF .234(There are tw)112 112.2 R 2.733(ob)-.1 G .233
(asic steps to installing)175.631 112.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)
2.733 E F1 5.233(.T)C .233(he hard part is to b)317.076 112.2 R .233
(uild the con\214guration table.)-.2 F 1.185(This is a \214le that)87 124.2 R
F2(sendmail)3.686 E F1 1.186
(reads when it starts up that describes the mailers it kno)3.686 F 1.186
(ws about, ho)-.25 F 3.686(wt)-.25 G(o)499 124.2 Q .715(parse addresses, ho)87
136.2 R 3.215(wt)-.25 G 3.215(or)178.315 136.2 S -.25(ew)189.86 136.2 S .715
(rite the message header).25 F 3.215(,a)-.4 G .715(nd the settings of v)306.75
136.2 R .714(arious options.)-.25 F .714(Although the)5.714 F .852
(con\214guration table is quite comple)87 148.2 R .852
(x, a con\214guration can usually be b)-.15 F .852(uilt by adjusting an e)-.2 F
.852(xisting of)-.15 F(f-)-.25 E 1.078(the-shelf con\214guration.)87 160.2 R
1.078(The second part is actually doing the installation, i.e., creating the n\
ecessary)6.078 F(\214les, etc.)87 172.2 Q .192
(The remainder of this section will describe the installation of)112 188.4 R F2
(sendmail)2.692 E F1 .192(assuming you can use one)2.692 F 1.432(of the e)87
200.4 R 1.432(xisting con\214gurations and that the standard installation para\
meters are acceptable.)-.15 F 1.431(All path-)6.431 F 8.62(names and e)87 212.4
R 8.62(xamples are gi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 11.12(nf).15 G 8.62
(rom the root of the)257.57 212.4 R F2(sendmail)378.16 212.4 Q F1 8.62
(subtree, normally)425.39 212.4 R F2(/usr/sr)87 224.4 Q(c/usr)-.37 E
(.sbin/sendmail)-1.11 E F1(on 4.4BSD.)2.5 E .543(If you are loading this of)112
240.6 R 3.042(ft)-.25 G .542(he tape, continue with the ne)222.766 240.6 R .542
(xt section.)-.15 F .542(If you ha)5.542 F .842 -.15(ve a r)-.2 H .542
(unning binary).15 F
(already on your system, you should probably skip to section 1.2.)87 252.6 Q F0
2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 276.6 R(Sendmail)2.5 E F1(All)127 292.8 Q F2(sendmail)
2.934 E F1 .434(source is in the)2.934 F F2(sr)2.934 E(c)-.37 E F1
(subdirectory)2.934 E 5.434(.I)-.65 G 2.934(fy)321.652 292.8 S .435
(ou are running on a 4.4BSD system, com-)332.916 292.8 R
(pile by typing \231mak)102 304.8 Q 2.5(e\232. On)-.1 F
(other systems, you may ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(om).15 G(ak)348.75
304.8 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ome other adjustments.)368.92 304.8 Q F0 2.5(1.1.1. Old)
102 328.8 R -.1(ve)2.5 G(rsions of mak).1 E(e)-.1 E F1
(If you are not running the ne)142 345 Q 2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersion of)270.74 345 Q
F0(mak)2.5 E(e)-.1 E F1(you will probably ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ou)
.15 G(se)444.16 345 Q(mak)157 361.2 Q 2.5<65ad>-.1 G 2.5(fM)186.7 361.2 S(ak)
201.42 361.2 Q(e\214le.dist)-.1 E .885(This \214le does not assume se)117 377.4
R -.15(ve)-.25 G .885(ral ne).15 F 3.385(ws)-.25 G(yntax)280.025 377.4 Q .885
(es, including the \231+=\232 syntax in macro de\214nition)-.15 F
(and the \231.include\232 syntax.)117 389.4 Q F0 2.5(1.1.2. Compilation)102
413.4 R(\215ags)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)142 429.6 Q F1(supports tw)2.5 E 2.5(od)-.1 G
(if)240.51 429.6 Q(ferent formats for the)-.25 E F2(aliases)2.5 E F1 2.5
(database. These)2.5 F(formats are:)2.5 E 39.5(NDBM The)117 445.8 R -.74(``)
3.166 G(ne).74 E 3.166(wD)-.25 G(BM')240.432 445.8 Q 3.166('f)-.74 G .666
(ormat, a)268.408 445.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G .666
(ilable on nearly all systems around today).25 F 5.667(.T)-.65 G(his)492.33
445.8 Q -.1(wa)189 457.8 S 3.541(st).1 G 1.041
(he preferred format prior to 4.4BSD.)210.771 457.8 R 1.041(It allo)6.041 F
1.041(ws such comple)-.25 F 3.54(xt)-.15 G 1.04(hings as)470.46 457.8 R
(multiple databases and closing a currently open database.)189 469.8 Q 32.84
(NEWDB The)117 486 R(ne)3.323 E 3.323(wd)-.25 G .824(atabase package from Berk)
232.606 486 R(ele)-.1 E 4.624 -.65(y. I)-.15 H 3.324(fy).65 G .824(ou ha)
382.716 486 R 1.124 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .824(his, use it.).15 F .824(It allo)5.824
F(ws)-.25 E .839
(long records, multiple open databases, real in-memory caching, and so forth.)
189 498 R -1.1(Yo)189 510 S 3.581(uc)1.1 G 1.081
(an de\214ne this in conjunction with one of the other tw)213.141 510 R 1.082
(o; if you do, old)-.1 F .693(databases are read, b)189 522 R .693
(ut when a ne)-.2 F 3.193(wd)-.25 G .693
(atabase is created it will be in NEWDB)341.681 522 R 2.851(format. As)189 534
R 2.851(an)2.851 G .351(asty hack, if you ha)249.763 534 R .652 -.15(ve N)-.2 H
.352(EWDB, NDBM, and NIS de\214ned, and).15 F 1.593(if the \214le)189 546 R F2
(/var/yp/Mak)4.093 E(e\214le)-.1 E F1 -.15(ex)4.093 G 1.593
(ists and is readable,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.093 E F1 1.592(will create both)
4.092 F(ne)189 558 Q 3.975(wa)-.25 G 1.475(nd old v)213.825 558 R 1.475
(ersions of the alias \214le during a)-.15 F F2(ne)3.976 E(walias)-.15 E F1
3.976(command. This)3.976 F(is)3.976 E .711
(required because the Sun NIS/YP system reads the DBM v)189 570 R .71
(ersion of the alias)-.15 F 2.5(\214le. It')189 582 R 2.5(su)-.55 G
(gly as sin, b)229.56 582 Q(ut it w)-.2 E(orks.)-.1 E 1.112
(If neither of these are de\214ned,)117 598.2 R F2(sendmail)3.612 E F1 1.112
(reads the alias \214le into memory on e)3.612 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.112(ry in).15
F -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation.).2 E(This can be slo)117 610.2 Q 2.5(wa)-.25 G
(nd should be a)191.18 610.2 Q -.2(vo)-.2 G(ided.).2 E .719
(System V based systems can de\214ne SYSTEM5 to mak)142 626.4 R 3.219(es)-.1 G
-2.15 -.25(ev e)378.083 626.4 T .719(ral small adjustments.).25 F(This)5.719 E
1.076(changes the handling of timezones and uses the much less ef)117 638.4 R
(\214cient)-.25 E F2(loc)3.576 E(kf)-.2 E F1 1.076(call in preference to)3.576
F F2(\215oc)117 650.4 Q(k)-.2 E F1 7.225(.T)C 2.224(hese can be speci\214ed se\
parately using the compilation \215ags SYS5TZ and LOCKF)151.515 650.4 R
(respecti)117 662.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E 1.646(If you don')142
678.6 R 4.147(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)202.03 678.6 T(the)4.347 E F2(unseten)
4.147 E(v)-.4 E F1 1.647(routine in your system library)4.147 F 4.147(,d)-.65 G
1.647(e\214ne the UNSETENV)411.276 678.6 R(compilation \215ag.)117 690.6 Q -1.1
(Yo)142 706.8 S 3.855(um)1.1 G 1.355(ay also ha)169.755 706.8 R 1.655 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H 3.855(od).15 G 1.355(e\214ne the compilation v)242.035 706.8 R
1.354(ariable LA_TYPE to describe ho)-.25 F 3.854(wy)-.25 G(our)490.67 706.8 Q
(load a)117 718.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage is computed.).15 E
(This and other \215ags are detailed in section 6.1.)5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-8 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.1.3. Compilation)102 96 R
(and installation)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .308
(After making the local system con\214guration described abo)142 112.2 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 2.809(,Y).15 G .309(ou should be able to com-)398.855 112.2 R .87
(pile and install the system.)117 126.2 R .87
(Compilation can be performed using \231mak)5.87 F(e)-.1 E/F2 7/Times-Roman@0
SF(1)412.24 122.2 Q F1 3.37<9a69>415.74 126.2 S 3.37(nt)426.33 126.2 S(he)
437.48 126.2 Q F0(sendmail/sr)3.37 E(c)-.18 E F1(directory)117 138.2 Q 5(.Y)
-.65 G(ou may be able to install using)166.07 138.2 Q(mak)157 154.4 Q 2.5(ei)
-.1 G(nstall)183.84 154.4 Q 3.346
(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne)
117 170.6 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.346(liases and).1 F 1.577
(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 182.6 R 1.577
(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.577 F(pages.)117 194.6
Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 218.6 R(Files)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Sendmail)127 234.8 Q F1 .355(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.)
2.855 F .355(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail sys-)5.355 F .286
(tems understood at this site, ho)102 246.8 R 2.786(wt)-.25 G 2.786(oa)239.856
246.8 S .286(ccess them, ho)252.082 246.8 R 2.786(wt)-.25 G 2.786(of)323.79
246.8 S(orw)334.906 246.8 Q .286(ard email to remote mail systems, and)-.1 F
3.113(an)102 258.8 S .613(umber of tuning parameters.)114.553 258.8 R .614
(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later portion of this docu-)
5.614 F(ment.)102 270.8 Q(The)127 287 Q F3(sendmail)2.764 E F1 .264
(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264(The w)5.264 F .264
(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15 F .108
(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 299 R .108(The distrib)5.108 F .109
(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2 F
(of the comple)102 311 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47
(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 327.2 R .47
(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become)-.1 F
1.448(simpler; in particular)102 339.2 R 3.948(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex)197.604 339.2 S
1.448(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.449(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F
1.449(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 351.2 Q
(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G .092(These \
\214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressi\
ng; that)127 367.4 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the)
102 379.4 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)299.435
379.4 R .361(The con\214guration \214les)5.361 F(can be customized to w)102
391.4 Q(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E 2.828(Ih)
127 407.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)138.158 407.6 T(n').2 E 2.828(tt)-.18 G .328
(ested these yet on an isolated LAN en)168.226 407.6 R .328
(vironment with a single UUCP connection to)-.4 F 4.408(the outside w)102 419.6
R 6.908(orld. If)-.1 F 4.409(you are in such an en)6.908 F 4.409
(vironment, please send comments to send-)-.4 F([e-mail])102 431.6 Q(ele)
-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E .658
(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 447.8 R F3(m4)3.158 E F1 .658
(to f)3.158 F .657(acilitate local customization; the directory)-.1 F F3(cf)
3.157 E F1 .396(of the)102 459.8 R F3(sendmail)2.896 E F1(distrib)2.896 E .396
(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F .396
(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .397(ral sub-).15 F