📄 ds6.4.1.htm
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<p align="center"><img border="0" src="ds6.4.2.gif" width="536" height="238"></p>
<p align="center"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><b>图<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">7.1(a)</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所示树的孩子表示法示意</span></b></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.0pt"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b><span style="font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">（</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">）孩子链表表示法</span></b></font></p>
<font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">孩子链表法是将树按如图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">7.5</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所示的形式存储。其主体是一个与结点个数一样大小的一维数组，数组的每一个元素有两个域组成，一个域用来存放结点信息，另一个用来存放指针，该指针指向由该结点孩子组成的单链表的首位置。单链表的结构也由两个域组成，一个存放孩子结点在一维数组中的序号，另一个是指针域，指向下一个孩子。</span></b></font>
<p align="center"><img border="0" src="ds6.4.3.gif" width="402" height="323"></p>
<p align="center"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> </span><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><b>图<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">7.1(a)</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所示树的孩子链表表示法示意</span></b></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"">在孩子表示法中查找双亲比较困难，查找孩子却十分方便，故适用于对孩子操作多的应用。</span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21.0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman""><b><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF">这种存储表示可描述为：</font></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><b><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>#define MAXNODE <</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">树中结点的最大个数</span><span lang="EN-US">></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>
</b></font></span><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>typedef struct ChildNode{</b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>
</b></font></span><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>int childcode;</b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>
</b></font></span><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>struct ChildNode *nextchild;</b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>
</b></font></span><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>}</b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>
</b></font></span><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>typedef struct {</b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>
</b></font></span><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>elemtype<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>data;</b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>
</b></font></span><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>struct ChildNode *firstchild;</b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>
</b></font></span><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b>}NodeType;</b></font></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><font size="5"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span></font></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><b><font size="5">NodeType<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>t[MAXNODE];</font></b></span></font><!--mstheme--></font>
<h5><!--mstheme--><font face="宋体" color="#6666FF"><b><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> </span>3</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">．双亲孩子表示法</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></span></font></b><!--mstheme--></font></h5>
<!--mstheme--><font face="宋体"><b><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">双亲表示法是将双亲表示法和孩子表示法相结合的结果。其仍将各结点的孩子结点分别组成单链表，同时用一维数组顺序存储树中的各结点，数组元素除了包括结点本身的信息和该结点的孩子结点链表的头指针之外，还增设一个域，存储该结点双亲结点在数组中的序号。图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">7.6</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所示图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">7.1(a)</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">的树采用这种方法的存储示意图。</span></span></font></b>
<p align="center"><img border="0" src="ds6.4.4.gif" width="471" height="323"></p>
<p align="center"><b><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">图<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">7.1(a)</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所示树的双亲孩子表示法示意</span></span></font></b></p>
<!--mstheme--></font>
<h5><!--mstheme--><font face="宋体" color="#6666FF"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>4</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">．孩子兄弟表示法</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></b></font><!--mstheme--></font></h5>
<!--mstheme--><font face="宋体">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"">这是一种常用的存储结构。其方法是这样的：在树中，每个结点除其信息域外，再增加两个分别指向该结点的第一个孩子结点和下一个兄弟结点的指针。在这种存储结构下，树中结点的存储表示可描述为：</span></b></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>typedef struct TreeNode {</b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><font size="5">
</font></b></font></span><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><font size="5">elemtype data;</font></b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><font size="5">
</font></b></font></span><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><font size="5">struct TreeNode<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>*son;</font></b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><font size="5">
</font></b></font></span><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><font size="5">struct TreeNode<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>*next;</font></b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><font size="5">
</font></b></font></span><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><font size="5">}NodeType;</font></b></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"> </p>
<font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">
图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">7.7</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">给出了图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">7.7(a)</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所示的树采用孩子兄弟表示法时的存储示意图。</span></b></font>
<p align="center"><img border="0" src="ds6.4.5.gif" width="440" height="185"></p>
<p align="center"><b><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">图<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">7.1(a)</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所示树的孩子兄弟表示法示意</span></span></font></b></p>
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