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📄 入門 11 - 協同開發 - 模組化程式 - javaworld@tw.htm

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            <DIV class=codeContent><PRE>&lt;struts-config&gt;
    &lt;global-forwards&gt;
        &lt;forward
            name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"welcome"</SPAN>
            path=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/Welcome.<SPAN class=java-keyword>do</SPAN>"</SPAN>/&gt;
    &lt;/global-forwards&gt;
                                                                                               
    &lt;global-forwards&gt;
        &lt;forward
            name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"login"</SPAN>
            contextRelative=<SPAN class=java-quote>"<SPAN class=java-keyword>true</SPAN>"</SPAN>
            path=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/login/Login.<SPAN class=java-keyword>do</SPAN>"</SPAN>
            redirect=<SPAN class=java-quote>"<SPAN class=java-keyword>true</SPAN>"</SPAN>/&gt;
    &lt;/global-forwards&gt;
                                                                                               
    &lt;action-mappings&gt;
        &lt;action
            path=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/Welcome"</SPAN>
            type=<SPAN class=java-quote>"org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction"</SPAN>
            parameter=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/pages/Welcome.jsp"</SPAN>/&gt;
    &lt;/action-mappings&gt;

    &lt;message-resources parameter=<SPAN class=java-quote>"resources.application"</SPAN>/&gt;
&lt;/struts-config&gt;</PRE></DIV></DIV><BR>　在&lt;global-forward&gt;的login 
            forward，其路徑指向login模組，這個路徑是相對於Context的，當ActionServlet進行重新導向時，可以由路徑得知該使用login模組。<BR>　Welcome.jsp位於/pages目錄下，內容如下： 

            <DIV class=code 
            style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
            <DIV class=codeHeader 
            style="BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid"><B>Welcome.jsp</B></DIV>
            <DIV class=codeContent><PRE>&lt;%@ taglib uri=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/tags/struts-bean"</SPAN> prefix=<SPAN class=java-quote>"bean"</SPAN> %&gt;
&lt;%@ taglib uri=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/tags/struts-html"</SPAN> prefix=<SPAN class=java-quote>"html"</SPAN> %&gt;
&lt;%@page contentType=<SPAN class=java-quote>"text/html; charset=Big5"</SPAN>%&gt;
&lt;html:html locale=<SPAN class=java-quote>"<SPAN class=java-keyword>true</SPAN>"</SPAN>&gt;
&lt;head&gt;
&lt;title&gt;&lt;bean:message key=<SPAN class=java-quote>"welcome.title"</SPAN>/&gt;&lt;/title&gt;
&lt;html:base/&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;
&lt;body bgcolor=<SPAN class=java-quote>"white"</SPAN>&gt;
                                                                                               
歡迎！&lt;html:link forward=<SPAN class=java-quote>"login"</SPAN>&gt;請先登入&lt;/html:link&gt;
                                                                                               
&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html:html&gt;</PRE></DIV></DIV><BR>　在&lt;html:link&gt;的設定中，將會查找struts-config.xml的login 
            forward，執行結果將會是： 
            <DIV class=code 
            style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
            <DIV class=codeContent><PRE>&lt;html lang=<SPAN class=java-quote>"zh"</SPAN>&gt;
&lt;head&gt;
&lt;title&gt;哈囉！Struts！&lt;/title&gt;
&lt;base href=<SPAN class=java-quote>"http:<SPAN class=java-comment>//localhost:8080/HelloStruts/pages/Welcome.jsp"</SPAN>&gt;</SPAN>
&lt;/head&gt;
&lt;body bgcolor=<SPAN class=java-quote>"white"</SPAN>&gt;

歡迎！&lt;a href=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/HelloStruts/login/Login.<SPAN class=java-keyword>do</SPAN>"</SPAN>&gt;請先登入&lt;/a&gt;

&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html&gt;</PRE></DIV></DIV><BR>　接下來看看struts-config-login.xml的設定： 

            <DIV class=code 
            style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
            <DIV class=codeHeader 
            style="BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid"><B>struts-config-login.xml</B></DIV>
            <DIV class=codeContent><PRE>&lt;struts-config&gt;
    &lt;form-beans&gt;
        &lt;form-bean
            name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"userForm"</SPAN>
            type=<SPAN class=java-quote>"onlyfun.caterpillar.UserForm"</SPAN>/&gt;
    &lt;/form-beans&gt;
                                                                                               
    &lt;global-forwards&gt;
        &lt;forward
            name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"login"</SPAN>
            path=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/Login.<SPAN class=java-keyword>do</SPAN>"</SPAN>/&gt;
    &lt;/global-forwards&gt;
                                                                                               
    &lt;action-mappings&gt;
        &lt;action
            path=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/Login"</SPAN>
            type=<SPAN class=java-quote>"org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction"</SPAN>
            parameter=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/login/login.jsp"</SPAN>/&gt;
                                                                                               
        &lt;action
            path=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/LoginAction"</SPAN>
            type=<SPAN class=java-quote>"onlyfun.caterpillar.LoginAction"</SPAN>
            name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"userForm"</SPAN>&gt;
            &lt;forward
                name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"greeting"</SPAN>
                path=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/greeting.jsp"</SPAN>/&gt;
        &lt;/action&gt;
    &lt;/action-mappings&gt;
                                                                                               
    &lt;message-resources parameter=<SPAN class=java-quote>"resources.application"</SPAN>/&gt;
&lt;/struts-config&gt;</PRE></DIV></DIV><BR>　ForwardAction的parameter接收相對於Context的路徑設定，除此之外，所有的設定都是相對於login模組的，為了要請求每一個設定的Action，您都必須加上模組前綴，其中我們的login.jsp位於/login目錄下： 

            <DIV class=code 
            style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
            <DIV class=codeHeader 
            style="BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid"><B>login.jsp</B></DIV>
            <DIV class=codeContent><PRE>&lt;%@ taglib uri=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/tags/struts-bean"</SPAN> prefix=<SPAN class=java-quote>"bean"</SPAN> %&gt;
&lt;%@ taglib uri=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/tags/struts-html"</SPAN> prefix=<SPAN class=java-quote>"html"</SPAN> %&gt;
&lt;%@page contentType=<SPAN class=java-quote>"text/html; charset=Big5"</SPAN>%&gt;
&lt;html:html locale=<SPAN class=java-quote>"<SPAN class=java-keyword>true</SPAN>"</SPAN>&gt;
&lt;head&gt;
&lt;title&gt;&lt;bean:message key=<SPAN class=java-quote>"welcome.title"</SPAN>/&gt;&lt;/title&gt;
&lt;html:base/&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;
&lt;body bgcolor=<SPAN class=java-quote>"white"</SPAN>&gt;
                                                                                               
&lt;html:form action=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/LoginAction"</SPAN> focus=<SPAN class=java-quote>"name"</SPAN>&gt;
    名稱：&lt;html:text property=<SPAN class=java-quote>"name"</SPAN> size=<SPAN class=java-quote>"20"</SPAN>/&gt;&lt;br&gt;
    密碼：&lt;html:password property=<SPAN class=java-quote>"password"</SPAN> size=<SPAN class=java-quote>"20"</SPAN>/&gt;&lt;br&gt;
    &lt;html:submit/&gt; &lt;html:reset/&gt;
&lt;/html:form&gt;
                                                                                               
&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html:html&gt;</PRE></DIV></DIV><BR>　這個頁面執行之後，有關於Action的部份將會自動被加上模組前綴，執行結果如下，請注意紅字標示部份： 

            <DIV class=code 
            style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
            <DIV class=codeContent><PRE>&lt;html lang=<SPAN class=java-quote>"zh"</SPAN>&gt;
&lt;head&gt;
&lt;title&gt;哈囉！Struts！&lt;/title&gt;
&lt;base href=<SPAN class=java-quote>"http:<SPAN class=java-comment>//localhost:8080/HelloStruts/login/login.jsp"</SPAN>&gt;</SPAN>
&lt;/head&gt;
&lt;body bgcolor=<SPAN class=java-quote>"white"</SPAN>&gt;

&lt;form name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"userForm"</SPAN> method=<SPAN class=java-quote>"post"</SPAN> action=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/HelloStruts/login/LoginAction.<SPAN class=java-keyword>do</SPAN>"</SPAN>&gt;
    名稱：&lt;input type=<SPAN class=java-quote>"text"</SPAN> name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"name"</SPAN> size=<SPAN class=java-quote>"20"</SPAN> value=<SPAN class=java-quote>""&gt;&lt;br&gt;
    密碼：&lt;input type="</SPAN>password<SPAN class=java-quote>" name="</SPAN>password<SPAN class=java-quote>" size="</SPAN>20<SPAN class=java-quote>" value="</SPAN><SPAN class=java-quote>"&gt;&lt;br&gt;

    &lt;input type="</SPAN>submit<SPAN class=java-quote>" value="</SPAN>Submit<SPAN class=java-quote>"&gt; &lt;input type="</SPAN>reset<SPAN class=java-quote>" value="</SPAN>Reset<SPAN class=java-quote>"&gt;
&lt;/form&gt;
&lt;script type="</SPAN>text/javascript<SPAN class=java-quote>" language="</SPAN>JavaScript<SPAN class=java-quote>"&gt;
  &lt;!--
  <SPAN class=java-keyword>var</SPAN> focusControl = document.forms["</SPAN>userForm<SPAN class=java-quote>"].elements["</SPAN>name<SPAN class=java-quote>"];

  <SPAN class=java-keyword>if</SPAN> (focusControl.type != "</SPAN>hidden") {
     focusControl.focus();
  }
  <SPAN class=java-comment>// --&gt;</SPAN>
&lt;/script&gt;

&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html&gt;</PRE></DIV></DIV><BR>　我們的greeting.jsp位於/login目錄下： 
            <DIV class=code 
            style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
            <DIV class=codeHeader 
            style="BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid"><B>greeting.jsp</B></DIV>
            <DIV class=codeContent><PRE>&lt;%@ taglib uri=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/tags/struts-bean"</SPAN> prefix=<SPAN class=java-quote>"bean"</SPAN> %&gt;
&lt;%@ taglib uri=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/tags/struts-html"</SPAN> prefix=<SPAN class=java-quote>"html"</SPAN> %&gt;
&lt;%@ taglib uri=<SPAN class=java-quote>"/tags/struts-logic"</SPAN> prefix=<SPAN class=java-quote>"logic"</SPAN> %&gt;
&lt;%@page contentType=<SPAN class=java-quote>"text/html; charset=Big5"</SPAN>%&gt;
&lt;html:html locale=<SPAN class=java-quote>"<SPAN class=java-keyword>true</SPAN>"</SPAN>&gt;
&lt;head&gt;
&lt;title&gt;&lt;bean:message key=<SPAN class=java-quote>"welcome.title"</SPAN>/&gt;&lt;/title&gt;
&lt;html:base/&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;
&lt;body bgcolor=<SPAN class=java-quote>"white"</SPAN>&gt;
                                                                                               
&lt;logic:present scope=<SPAN class=java-quote>"request"</SPAN> name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"valid_user"</SPAN>&gt;
    &lt;bean:write name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"valid_user"</SPAN> property=<SPAN class=java-quote>"name"</SPAN>/&gt;您好，這是您的神秘禮物！
&lt;/logic:present&gt;
                                                                                               
&lt;logic:notPresent scope=<SPAN class=java-quote>"request"</SPAN> name=<SPAN class=java-quote>"valid_user"</SPAN>&gt;
    &lt;html:link forward=<SPAN class=java-quote>"welcome"</SPAN>&gt;請先登入&lt;/html:link&gt;
&lt;/logic:notPresent&gt;
                                                                                               
&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html:html&gt;</PRE></DIV></DIV><BR>　到這邊關於模組化程式的struts-config-xxx.xml設定、路徑與目錄設定就說明完畢了，剩下的是ActionForm與Action類別的撰寫，這沒什麼，為了讓您能順利完成範例並進行測試，我們列出如下而不加以說明了： 

            <DIV class=code 
            style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
            <DIV class=codeHeader
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