📄 入門 04 - hellostruts - 組態與視圖 - javaworld@tw.htm
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<DIV class=pagesubheading>Last changed on Oct 27, 2004 by <A
href="http://www.javaworld.com.tw/confluence/display/~koji">koji
lin</A> </DIV><!-- page content --> 在MVC/Model
2中，控制器是必要的核心，這在Struts中是由ActionServlet擔任，一個應用程式中使用一個ActionServlet物件，我們必須在web.xml中配置它：
<DIV class=code
style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
<DIV class=codeHeader
style="BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid"><B>web.xml</B></DIV>
<DIV class=codeContent><PRE><?xml version=<SPAN class=java-quote>"1.0"</SPAN> encoding=<SPAN class=java-quote>"ISO-8859-1"</SPAN>?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app
PUBLIC <SPAN class=java-quote>"-<SPAN class=java-comment>//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.2//EN"</SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN class=java-quote>"http:<SPAN class=java-comment>//java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2_2.dtd"</SPAN>></SPAN>
<web-app>
<display-name>Struts Blank Application</display-name>
<!-- Standard Action Servlet Configuration (with debugging) -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/conf/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.<SPAN class=java-keyword>do</SPAN></url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- The Usual Welcome File List -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app></PRE></DIV></DIV><BR> 附帶一提的是，如果您的Servlet容器支援Servlet
2.4，您可以改以下面的scheme標籤來取代dtd：
<DIV class=code
style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
<DIV class=codeContent><PRE><web-app xmlns=<SPAN class=java-quote>"http:<SPAN class=java-comment>//java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"</SPAN></SPAN>
xmlns:xsi=<SPAN class=java-quote>"http:<SPAN class=java-comment>//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</SPAN></SPAN>
xsi:schemaLocation=<SPAN class=java-quote>"http:<SPAN class=java-comment>//java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"</SPAN></SPAN>
version=<SPAN class=java-quote>"2.4"</SPAN>></PRE></DIV></DIV><BR> 在ActionServlet的設定上，我們給了個config初始參數，用以指定struts-config.xml的位置，在<servlet-mapping>的設定上，我們將所有以*.do結尾的請求全部交給ActionServlet來處理。<BR> 為了要使用Struts自訂標籤，我們也在web.xml中加入以下的設定：<BR>
<DIV class=code
style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
<DIV class=codeContent><PRE><!-- Struts Tag Library Descriptors -->
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/tags/struts-bean</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/tags/struts-html</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-html.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib>
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>/tags/struts-logic</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location>
</taglib></PRE></DIV></DIV><BR> 接下來該組態struts-config.xml了，依照web.xml的內容，我們將之設定在WEB-INF/conf目錄中：
<DIV class=code
style="BORDER-TOP-STYLE: solid; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: solid; BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: solid">
<DIV class=codeHeader
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