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                __base = __from_next;  // do the next chunk
            }
        } // end conversion block
        
        // adjust the current position in the file
        _C_cur_pos += __nwrote;
        _C_cur_pos.state (__state);
        
        // reset the put area
        if (!this->_C_is_unbuffered ())
            this->setp (this->_C_buffer, this->_C_buf_end ());
    }
    
    // now that there's room in the buffer, call sputc() recursively
    //  to actually place the character in the buffer (unless we're
    //   in unbuffered mode because we just wrote it out)
    if (!this->_C_is_eof (__c) && !this->_C_is_unbuffered ())
        this->sputc (__c);

    this->_C_out_last (true);   // needed by close ()
    
    return traits_type::not_eof (__c);
}


template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
_TYPENAME basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::int_type
basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::pbackfail (int_type __c)
{
    _RWSTD_ASSERT (this->_C_is_valid ());

    if (!is_open ())
        return traits_type::eof ();

    // we could get here if gptr = eback or if __c != *(gptr-1)
    if (!this->_C_putback_avail ()) {
        // try to make a putback area available
        
        if (this->seekoff (-1, ios_base::cur) == _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS)
            return traits_type::eof ();
    
        if (this->_C_is_eof (underflow ()))
            return traits_type::eof ();
        
        this->gbump (1); 
    }
    
    if (traits_type::eq (traits_type::to_char_type (__c), *(this->gptr () - 1))
        || this->_C_is_eof (__c)) {
        // "put back" original value
        this->gbump (-1);
        return traits_type::not_eof (__c);
    }
    else if (this->_C_is_out ()) {
        // overwrite existing value with new value
        this->gbump (-1);
        *this->gptr () = traits_type::to_char_type (__c);
        return __c;
    }
    else
        return traits_type::eof ();
}
  

template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
basic_streambuf<_CharT, _Traits>*
basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::setbuf (char_type *__buf, streamsize __len)
{
    _RWSTD_ASSERT (this->_C_is_valid ());

    // sync the buffer to the external file so it can be deallocated
    if (sync () != 0)
        return 0;

    bool __own_old_buf = this->_C_own_buf ();
        
    if (__len > 0) {
        // replace the buffer...
        if (__buf == 0) {
            // ...newly allocated buffer...
            __buf = new char_type[__len]; // try to allocate before deleting 
            this->_C_own_buf (true);
        }
        else
            // ...or with supplied buffer
            this->_C_own_buf (false);
        
        if (__own_old_buf)
            delete [] this->_C_buffer;
        
        this->_C_buffer  = __buf;
        this->_C_bufsize = __len;
        this->_C_set_unbuffered (false); 
    }
    
    else {
        // unbuffer this stream
        if (__buf != 0)         // invalid input (__len == 0 => __buf == 0)
            return 0;

        // character buffer is preserved (used as get area only),
        // streambuf object unbuffered for writing

        // to put a streambuf object into an unbuffered mode (see 27.8.1.4,
        // p10) and affect the size of the get area, setbuf() should first
        // be called with the desired (non-zero) size and then again with
        // both arguments being 0
        this->_C_set_unbuffered (true);
    }
    
    this->setg (0, 0, 0);
    this->setp (0, 0);

    // a character buffer of nonzero size must exist
    // even in unbuffered mode
    _RWSTD_ASSERT (0 != this->_C_buffer);
    _RWSTD_ASSERT (0 != this->_C_bufsize);

    return this; 
}
  

// 27.8.1.4, p 11
template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
_TYPENAME basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::pos_type
basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::
seekoff (off_type __off, ios_base::seekdir __way, ios_base::openmode)
{
    _RWSTD_ASSERT (this->_C_is_valid ());

    if (!is_open ())
        return _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS;

    int __width = _USE_FACET (_C_codecvt_t, this->getloc ()).encoding (); 

    // offset must be zero with multibyte encoding
    if (0 != __off && __width <= 0) 
        return _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS;

    // sync the buffer... (this also invalidates the get/put area)
    if (sync () != 0)
        return _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS;
    
    // ...and, if last op was output, append an unshift sequence
    if (this->_C_out_last ())
        _C_unshift ();
    
    // perform the seek
    pos_type __new_pos;
    if (__width > 0)
        __new_pos = _C_file_seek (__width * __off, __way);
    else
        __new_pos = _C_file_seek (0, __way);

    if (__new_pos != _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS)
        _C_cur_pos = _C_beg_pos = __new_pos;
            
    this->_C_out_last (false);  // needed by close()

    return __new_pos;
}


template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
_TYPENAME basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::pos_type
basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::seekpos (pos_type __pos, ios_base::openmode)
{ 
    _RWSTD_ASSERT (this->_C_is_valid ());

    if (!is_open ())
        return _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS;

    // flush the output area if it exists
    if (this->pptr () != 0) {
        if (this->_C_is_eof (this->overflow (traits_type::eof ())))
            return _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS;
    }

    if (_C_file_seek (__pos, ios_base::beg) == _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS)
        return _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS;
    
    _C_cur_pos = _C_beg_pos = __pos;
    
    this->setg (0, 0, 0);
    this->setp (0, 0);
    
    this->_C_out_last (false);  // needed by close()

    return __pos;
}


template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
int
basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::sync ()
{
    _RWSTD_ASSERT (this->_C_is_valid ());

    // put area active
    if (this->pptr () != 0) {
        // flush the buffer to the file
        if (this->_C_is_eof (overflow (traits_type::eof ())))
            return -1;
    }
    
    // get area active
    if (this->gptr () != 0) {
        // get the number of chars consumed in the buffer
        streamoff __consumed = (this->gptr () - this->eback ()) - _C_pbacksize;

        const _C_codecvt_t &__cvt = _USE_FACET (_C_codecvt_t, this->getloc ());
        int __width = __cvt.encoding ();

        if (__width > 0) {
            // constant width conversion:
            // adjust the current position/state in the file,
            // taking into account CR/LF conversion on Win32
            _C_cur_pos = _C_beg_pos;
            _C_cur_pos += (__width * __consumed)
                + _C_crlf_intern_count (this->eback () + _C_pbacksize,
                                        this->gptr());
        }
        else {
            // This gets a bit tricky here because we don't know the external
            // file position corresponding to the position in the
            // internal buffer. To figure this out, we'll use the known
            // file position/state corresponding to the start of the buffer
            // (which we have carefully saved in _C_beg_pos) and 
            // convert the characters up to the current position in the
            // buffer, counting how many external chars result. We can
            // then use the offset from _C_beg_pos and the state
            // returned from codecvt::out() to construct the current file
            // position
            
            streamoff        __ext_chars = 0; // converted external chars
            
            char             __xbuf[_RWSTD_DEFAULT_BUFSIZE];
            char*            __xbuf_end  = __xbuf + sizeof __xbuf;
            char*            __to_next   = 0;
            const char_type* __from_next = 0;
            const char_type* __from_end  = this->gptr ();
            state_type       __state     = _C_beg_pos.state ();
            const char_type* __base      = this->eback () + _C_pbacksize;
        
            while (__from_next != __from_end) {
                codecvt_base::result __res =
                    __cvt.out (__state, __base, __from_end, __from_next,
                               __xbuf, __xbuf_end, __to_next);
                if (__res == codecvt_base::error)
                    return -1;

                // take into account CR/LF conversion on Win32
                __ext_chars += (__to_next - __xbuf) +
                    _C_crlf_extern_count (__xbuf, __to_next);
                
                // repeat with next chunk
                __base = __from_next;  
            }

            _C_cur_pos = _C_beg_pos + __ext_chars;
            _C_cur_pos.state (__state);
        }
        if (_C_file_seek (_C_cur_pos, ios_base::beg) == _RWSTD_INVALID_FPOS)
            return -1;

        traits_type::move (this->eback(), this->gptr () - _C_pbacksize,
                           _C_pbacksize);

        this->setg (this->eback(), this->eback() + _C_pbacksize,
                    this->eback() + _C_pbacksize);
    }

    _C_beg_pos = _C_cur_pos;

    this->setp (0, 0);

    return 0;
}


template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
streamsize
basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::xsputn (const char_type* __s, streamsize __len)
{
    _RWSTD_ASSERT (this->_C_is_valid ());

    if (!__s || (__len == 0) || !this->_C_is_out ())
        return 0;

    if (this->pptr () != 0 && (this->pptr () + __len) < this->epptr ()) {
        traits_type::copy (this->pptr (), __s, __len);
        this->pbump (int(__len));
    }
    else {
        for (streamsize __n = 0; __n < __len; ++__n) {
            if (this->_C_is_eof (this->sputc (*__s++)))
                return __n;
        }
    }
    return __len;
}


template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>*
basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::_C_open (_RW::__rw_file_t __frep,
                                         char_type *__buf,
                                         streamsize __n)  
{   
    if (is_open () || !setbuf (__buf,__n) || !__frep._C_is_open ())
        return 0;

    _C_file = __frep;

    this->_C_iomode = _C_file._C_get_mode ();

    this->setg (0, 0, 0);
    this->setp (0, 0);
    
    _C_cur_pos = _C_beg_pos = pos_type();    // offset == 0, state = state()
   
    return this;
}


//  write an unshift sequence if not in initial state
//   N.B.: this is a no-op unless the stream is imbued with user-defined
//   locale/facet because the default implementations of unshift()
//   always return noconv
//   returns: true on success

template<class _CharT, class _Traits>
bool
basic_filebuf<_CharT, _Traits>::_C_unshift ()
{
    // unshifting isn't necessary if encoding isn't state dependent or
    // if state is equivalent to initial state (determined by mbsinit())
    state_type __state = _C_cur_pos.state ();
    if (   _USE_FACET (_C_codecvt_t, this->getloc ()).encoding () >= 0
        || _MBSINIT (&__state) != 0)
        return true;
    
    // buf to hold unshift sequence - assumes that the shift
    //  sequence will be less than 64 chars (we can't safely
    //   use dynamic allocation because _C_unshift
    //   could be called as a result of memory alloc exception)

    char     __useq[64];
    char*    __useq_end = 0;

    codecvt_base::result __res =
        _USE_FACET (_C_codecvt_t, this->getloc ()).unshift (
            __state, __useq, __useq + sizeof __useq,
            __useq_end);

    streamoff __nbytes = __useq_end - __useq;
    
    // in the unlikely event that the buffer isn't big enough, assert
    _RWSTD_ASSERT(__res != codecvt_base::partial); 
    
    if (__res == codecvt_base::error)
        return false;
    if (__res == codecvt_base::noconv)
        return true;

    if (_C_file._C_write (__useq, sizeof (char), __nbytes))
        return false;

    _C_cur_pos += __nbytes;     // CR/LF conversion not an issue here
    
    return true;
}

_RWSTD_NAMESPACE_END  // std

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