📄 用户手册（gb8567——88） 论文.htm
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</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">情况——例如人员变动、库存缺货；</SPAN></P>
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style="mso-list: Ignore">b.<SPAN
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</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">情况出现的频度——例如是周期性的、随机的、一项操作状态的函数；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">c.<SPAN
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</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">情况来源—一例如人事部门、仓库管理部门；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">d.<SPAN
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</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">输入媒体———例如键盘、穿孔卡片、磁带；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">e.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">限制——出于安全、保密考虑而对访问这些输入数据所加的限制；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">f.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">质量管理——例如对输入数据合理性的检验以及当输入数据有错误时应采取的措施，如建立出错情况的记录等；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">g.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">支配——例如如何确定输入数据是保留还是废弃，是否要分配给其他的接受者等。</SPAN></P>
<H3><A name=_Toc521466917><SPAN lang=EN-US>4.2.2</SPAN></A><SPAN
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">输入格式</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说明对初始输入数据和参量的格式要求，包括语法规则和有关约定，如：</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">a.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">长度—一例如字符数／行，字符数／项；</SPAN></P>
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style="mso-list: Ignore">b.<SPAN
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">格式基准——例如以左面的边沿为基准；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">c.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">标号——例如标记或标识符；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">d.<SPAN
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">顺序——例如各个数据项的次序及位置；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">e.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">标点——例如用来表示行、数据组等的开始或结束而使用的空格、斜线、星号、字符组等。</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">f.<SPAN
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</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">词汇表——给出允许使用的字符组合的列表，禁止使用＊的字符组合的列表等；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">g.<SPAN
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">省略和重复——给出用来表示输人元素可省略或重复的表示方式；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">h.<SPAN
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">控制——给出用来表示输入开始或结束的控制信息。</SPAN></P>
<H3><A name=_Toc521466918><SPAN lang=EN-US>4.2.3</SPAN></A><SPAN
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">输入举例</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为每个完整的输入形式提供样本，包括：</SPAN></P>
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style="mso-list: Ignore">a．<SPAN
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</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">控制或首部——例如用来表示输入的种类和类型的信息，标识符输入日期，正文起点和对所用编码的规定；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">b．<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主体——输入数据的主体，包括数据文卷的输入表述部分；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">c．<SPAN
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尾部——用来表示输入结束的控制信息，累计字符总数等；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">d．<SPAN
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</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">省略——指出哪些输入数据是可省略的；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">e．<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">重复——指出哪些输入数据是重复的。</SPAN></P>
<H2><A name=_Toc521466919><SPAN lang=EN-US>4.3</SPAN></A><SPAN
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">输出对每项输出作出说明</SPAN></SPAN></H2>
<H3><A name=_Toc521466920><SPAN lang=EN-US>4.3.1</SPAN></A><SPAN
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">输出数据的现实背景</SPAN></SPAN></H3>
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说明输出数据的现实背景，主要是：</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">a．<SPAN
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</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">使用——这些输出数据是给谁的，用来干什么；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">b．<SPAN
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</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">使用频度——例如每周的、定期的或备查阅的；</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN
style="mso-list: Ignore">c．<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
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