hashtab.html

来自「数据结构词典（英文）」· HTML 代码 · 共 52 行

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52 行
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD W3 HTML 2.0//EN">
<HTML lang="en-US">
<HEAD>
<TITLE>hash table</TITLE>
<META name="description"
  content="Definition of hash table,
	possibly with links to more information and implementations.">
<META name="keywords" content="hash table">
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">

<H1>hash table</H1>
<P>
(data structure)

<P>
<strong>Definition:</strong>
A <a href="dictionary.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/dictionary.html"><em>dictionary</em></a> in which <a href="key.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/key.html"><em>keys</em></a> are mapped to  <a href="array.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/array.html"><em>array</em></a> positions by a <a href="hash.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/hash.html"><em>hash</em></a> function.  Having more than one  <a href="key.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/key.html"><em>key</em></a> map to the same position is called a <a href="collision.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/collision.html"><em>collision</em></a>.  There are many ways to resolve collisions, but they may be divided into <a href="openaddress.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/openaddress.html"><em>open addressing</em></a>, in which all elements are kept within the table, and <a href="chaining.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/chaining.html"><em>chaining</em></a>, in which external data structures are used.
<P><strong>See also</strong>
<a href="perfecthash.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/perfecthash.html"><em>perfect hashing</em></a>, <a href="coalescdhash.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/coalescdhash.html"><em>coalesced hashing</em></a>, <a href="linearprobng.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/linearprobng.html"><em>linear probing</em></a>, <a href="doublehashng.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/doublehashng.html"><em>double hashing</em></a>, <a href="quadraticprb.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/quadraticprb.html"><em>quadratic probing</em></a>, <a href="separatchain.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/separatchain.html"><em>separate chaining hashing</em></a>, <a href="directchhash.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/directchhash.html"><em>direct chaining hashing</em></a>, <a href="loadfactor.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/loadfactor.html"><em>load factor</em></a>, <a href="hashtabdelet.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/hashtabdelet.html"><em>hash table delete</em></a>, <a href="clustering.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/clustering.html"><em>clustering</em></a>.
<P><em>Note:
Complexity depends on collision resolution, but may be constant (<a href="bigOnotation.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/HTML/bigOnotation.html"><em>O(c)</em></a>).  Some open addressing schemes suffer from clustering more than others.</em>
<P>Author: <a href="terms.html#authorPEB" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/terms.html#authorPEB">PEB</a>
<H2>Implementation</H2>
chaining: <a href="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://burtleburtle.net/bob/hash/hashtab.html  \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address.  \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://burtleburtle.net/bob/hash/hashtab.html'" tppabs="http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://burtleburtle.net/bob/hash/hashtab.html">(C)</a>, linear probing hashing: <a href="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://www.dcc.uchile.cl/%7Eoalonso/handbook/algs/3/334.ins.c.html  \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address.  \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://www.dcc.uchile.cl/%7Eoalonso/handbook/algs/3/334.ins.c.html'" tppabs="http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://www.dcc.uchile.cl/%7Eoalonso/handbook/algs/3/334.ins.c.html">insert (C)</a>, and <a href="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://www.dcc.uchile.cl/%7Eoalonso/handbook/algs/3/334.srch.c.html  \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address.  \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://www.dcc.uchile.cl/%7Eoalonso/handbook/algs/3/334.srch.c.html'" tppabs="http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://www.dcc.uchile.cl/%7Eoalonso/handbook/algs/3/334.srch.c.html">look up (C)</a>.
<H2>More information</H2>
<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://www.ee.uwa.edu.au/%7Eplsd210/ds/hash_tables.html  \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address.  \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://www.ee.uwa.edu.au/%7Eplsd210/ds/hash_tables.html'" tppabs="http://www.nist.gov/cgi-bin/exit_nist.cgi?url=http://www.ee.uwa.edu.au/%7Eplsd210/ds/hash_tables.html">explanation and illustration of hashing and various collision resolution techniques</A>

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Go to the
<A HREF="terms.html" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/dads/terms.html">Algorithms, Data Structures, and Problems</A>
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If you have suggestions, corrections, or comments, please get in touch
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<a href="javascript:if(confirm('http://hissa.nist.gov/~black/black.html  \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address.  \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://hissa.nist.gov/~black/black.html'" tppabs="http://hissa.nist.gov/~black/black.html">Paul E. Black</a>
&nbsp;(<a href="mailto:paul.black@nist.gov">paul.black@nist.gov</a>).

<p>
Entry modified Thu Jan 20 16:47:00 2000.<BR>
HTML page formatted Thu Jan 20 16:53:30 2000.

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