zipinfo.1

压缩算法的源代码

which has been ``removed'':
.LP
.X "-rw-rws---  1.5 unx    2802 t- 81% defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660"
.LP
In this example, the file has been compressed by more than a factor of
five; the compressed data are only 19% of the original size.  The long
format gives the compressed file's size in bytes, instead:
.LP
.X "-rw-rws---  1.5 unx    2802 t-     538 defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660"
.LP
Adding the \fB\-T\fP option changes the file date and time to decimal
format:
.LP
.X "-rw-rws---  1.5 unx    2802 t-     538 defX 910811.134804 perms.2660"
.LP
Note that because of limitations in the MS-DOS format used to store file
times, the seconds field is always rounded to the nearest even second.
For Unix files this is expected to change in the next major releases of 
\fIzip\fP(1L) and \fIunzip\fP.
.LP
In addition to individual file information, a default zipfile listing
also includes header and trailer lines:
.LP
.X "Archive:  OS2.zip   5453 bytes   5 files"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf     730 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:40 Contents"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf    3710 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:33 makefile.os2"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf    8753 b- i8:3 26-Jun-92 15:29 os2unzip.c"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf      98 b- stor 21-Aug-91 15:34 unzip.def"
.X ",,rw,       1.0 hpf      95 b- stor 21-Aug-91 17:51 zipinfo.def"
.X "5 files, 13386 bytes uncompressed, 4951 bytes compressed:  63.0%"
.LP
The header line gives the name of the archive, its total size, and the
total number of files; the trailer gives the number of files listed,
their total uncompressed size, and their total compressed size (not
including any of \fIzip\fP's internal overhead).  If, however, one or 
more \fIfile(s)\fP are provided, the header and trailer lines are
not listed.  This behavior is also similar to that of Unix's ``\fCls \-l\fR'';
it may be overridden by specifying the \fB\-h\fP and \fB\-t\fP options 
explicitly.
In such a case the listing format must also be specified explicitly,
since \fB\-h\fP or \fB\-t\fP (or both) in the absence of other options implies
that ONLY the header or trailer line (or both) is listed.  See the
\fBEXAMPLES\fP section below for a semi-intelligible translation of this
nonsense.
.LP
The verbose listing is mostly self-explanatory.  It also lists file
comments and the zipfile comment, if any, and the type and number of bytes 
in any stored extra fields.  Currently known types of extra fields include 
PKWARE's authentication (``AV'') info; OS/2 extended attributes; VMS 
filesystem info, both PKWARE and Info-ZIP versions; Macintosh resource
forks; Acorn/Archimedes SparkFS info; and so on.  (Note
that in the case of OS/2 extended attributes--perhaps the most common
use of zipfile extra fields--the size of the stored EAs as reported by
\fIzipinfo\fP may not match the number given by OS/2's \fIdir\fP command:
OS/2 always reports the number of bytes required in 16-bit format, whereas 
\fIzipinfo\fP always reports the 32-bit storage.)
.PD
.\" =========================================================================
.SH ENVIRONMENT OPTIONS
Modifying \fIzipinfo\fP's default behavior via options placed in
an environment variable can be a bit complicated to explain, due to
\fIzipinfo\fP's attempts to handle various defaults in an intuitive,
yet Unix-like, manner.  (Try not to laugh.)  Nevertheless, there is some 
underlying logic.  In brief, 
there are three ``priority levels'' of options:  the default options;
environment options, which can override or add to the defaults; and 
explicit options given by the user, which can override or add to 
either of the above.
.LP
The default listing format, as noted above, corresponds roughly
to the "\fCzipinfo \-hst\fP" command (except when individual zipfile members
are specified).
A user who prefers the long-listing format (\fB\-l\fP) can make use of the
\fIzipinfo\fP's environment variable to change this default:
.LP
.DT
.ft CW
.in +4n
.ta \w'ZIPINFO=\-l; export ZIPINFO'u+4n
.in
.ft
.PD 0
.Y "ZIPINFO=\-l; export ZIPINFO\t\fRUnix Bourne shell"
.Y "setenv ZIPINFO \-l\t\fRUnix C shell"
.Y "set ZIPINFO=\-l\t\fROS/2 or MS-DOS"
.Y "define ZIPINFO_OPTS ""\-l""\t\fRVMS (quotes for \fIlowercase\fP)"
.PD
.LP
If, in addition, the user dislikes the trailer line, \fIzipinfo\fP's
concept of ``negative options'' may be used to override the default
inclusion of the line.  This is accomplished by preceding the undesired
option with one or more minuses:  e.g., ``\fC\-l\-t\fR'' or ``\fC\-\-tl\fR'',
in this example.  The first hyphen is the regular switch character, but the 
one before the `t' is a minus sign.  The dual use of hyphens may seem a 
little awkward, but it's reasonably intuitive nonetheless:  simply ignore 
the first hyphen and go from there.  It is also consistent with the behavior
of the Unix command \fInice\fP(1).
.LP
As suggested above, the default variable names are ZIPINFO_OPTS for VMS
(where the symbol used to install \fIzipinfo\fP as a foreign command
would otherwise be confused with the environment variable), and ZIPINFO
for all other operating systems.  For compatibility with \fIzip\fP(1L),
ZIPINFOOPT is also accepted (don't ask).  If both ZIPINFO and ZIPINFOOPT
are defined, however, ZIPINFO takes precedence.  \fIunzip\fP's diagnostic
option (\fB\-v\fP with no zipfile name) can be used to check the values
of all four possible \fIunzip\fP and \fIzipinfo\fP environment variables.
.PD
.\" =========================================================================
.SH EXAMPLES
To get a basic, short-format listing of the complete contents of a ZIP 
archive \fIstorage.zip\fP, with both header and totals lines, use only
the archive name as an argument to zipinfo:
.LP
.Y "zipinfo storage"
.LP
To produce a basic, long-format listing (not verbose), including header and
totals lines, use \fB\-l\fP:
.LP
.Y "zipinfo \-l storage"
.LP
To list the complete contents of the archive without header and totals
lines, either negate the \fB\-h\fP and \fB\-t\fP options or else specify the 
contents explicitly:
.LP
.PD 0
.Y "zipinfo \-\-h\-t storage"
.Y "zipinfo storage \e*"
.PD
.LP
(where the backslash is required only if the shell would otherwise expand
the `*' wildcard, as in Unix when globbing is turned on--double quotes around
the asterisk would have worked as well).  To turn off the totals line by
default, use the environment variable (C shell is assumed here):
.LP
.PD 0
.Y "setenv ZIPINFO \-\-t"
.Y "zipinfo storage"
.PD
.LP
To get the full, short-format listing of the first example again, given
that the environment variable is set as in the previous example, it is
necessary to specify the \fB\-s\fP option explicitly, since the \fB\-t\fP
option by itself implies that ONLY the footer line is to be printed:
.LP
.PD 0
.Y "setenv ZIPINFO \-\-t"
.Y "zipinfo \-t storage\t\fR[only totals line]"
.Y "zipinfo \-st storage\t\fR[full listing]"
.PD
.LP
The \fB\-s\fP option, like \fB\-m\fP and \fB\-l\fP, includes headers and
footers by default, unless otherwise specified.  Since the environment 
variable specified no footers and that has a higher precedence than the 
default behavior of \fB\-s\fP, an explicit \fB\-t\fP option was necessary 
to produce the full listing.  Nothing was indicated about the header, 
however, so the \fB\-s\fP option was sufficient.  Note that both the 
\fB\-h\fP and \fB\-t\fP options, when used by themselves or with
each other, override any default listing of member files; only the header
and/or footer are printed.  This behavior is useful when \fIzipinfo\fP is
used with a wildcard zipfile specification; the contents of all zipfiles 
are then summarized with a single command.
.LP
To list information on a single file within the archive, in medium format,
specify the filename explicitly:
.LP
.Y "zipinfo \-m storage unshrink.c"
.LP
The specification of any member file, as in this example, will override
the default header and totals lines; only the single line of information
about the requested file will be printed.  This is intuitively what one
would expect when requesting information about a single file.  For multiple
files, it is often useful to know the total compressed and uncompressed
size; in such cases \fB\-t\fP may be specified explicitly:
.LP
.Y "zipinfo \-mt storage ""*.[ch]"" Mak\e*"
.LP
To get maximal information about the ZIP archive, use the verbose 
option.  It is usually wise to pipe the output into a filter such as 
Unix \fImore\fP(1) if the operating system allows it:
.LP
.Y "zipinfo \-v storage | more"
.LP
Finally, to see the most recently modified files in the archive, use
the \fB\-T\fP option in conjunction with an external sorting utility
such as Unix \fIsort\fP(1) (and \fItail\fP(1) as well, in this example):
.LP
.Y "zipinfo \-T storage | sort -n +6 | tail -15"
.LP
The \fB\-n\fP option to \fIsort\fP(1) tells it to sort numerically
rather than in ASCII order, and the \fB\+6\fP option tells it to sort
on the sixth field after the first one (i.e., the seventh field).  This
assumes the default short-listing format; if \fB\-m\fP or \fB\-l\fP is
used, the proper \fIsort\fP(1) option would be \fB\+7\fP.  The \fItail\fP(1) 
command filters out all but the last 15 lines of the listing.  Future
releases of \fIzipinfo\fP may incorporate date/time and filename sorting
as built-in options.
.PD
.\" =========================================================================
.SH TIPS
The author finds it convenient to define an alias \fIii\fP for \fIzipinfo\fP
on systems which allow aliases (or, on other systems, copy/rename the
executable, create a link or create a command file with the name \fIii\fP).
The \fIii\fP usage parallels the common \fIll\fP alias for long listings in 
Unix, and the similarity between the outputs of the two commands was 
intentional.
.PD
.\" =========================================================================
.SH BUGS
None known at this time, but we're always delighted to find a good one.
.LP
.\" =========================================================================
.SH SEE ALSO
\fIls\fP(1), \fIfunzip\fP(1L), \fIunzip\fP(1L), \fIunzipsfx\fP(1L),
\fIzip\fP(1L), \fIzipcloak\fP(1L), \fIzipnote\fP(1L), \fIzipsplit\fP(1L)
.PD
.\" =========================================================================
.SH AUTHOR
Greg Roelofs (a.k.a.\ Cave Newt).  ZipInfo contains pattern-matching code 
by Mark Adler and fixes/improvements by many others.  Please refer to the 
CONTRIBS file in the UnZip source distribution for a more complete list.