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介绍linux下文件和设备编程

Linux文档计划的版权许可协议（中文版）

		最后修订日期：1997年1月6日

  下述版权许可协议适用于Linux文档计划的所有作品。请仔细阅读本许可协议，它与GNU通用公共许可协议（General Public License，简称GPL）类似，但其中有几个条件会有所不同。如果有什么疑问，可与LDP的组织者联系，e-mail地址为[e-mail]。

版权许可协议
  Linux文档计划的手册可以被全部或部分地再版和发布，但要遵守如下条件：
  Linux文档计划的所有手册，其版权归各自的作者所有，它们并不是位于公共域中的内容。
  * 上述版权声明和许可声明必须完全保留在任何全部或部分的复制品中。
  * 《Linux Installation and Getting Started》的任何翻译或派生作品在发布之前必须得到其作者的认可。
  * 如果要部分地发布《Linux Installation and Getting Started》，必须包括获取本手册完全版本的说明并提供获取完全版本的方法。
  * 在其它作品中，为了评论或说明而合理地引用手册中的少量内容，可以不受许可声明的限制。
  * 下面引用的GNU通用公共许可协议可以在它规定的条件下复制。
  这些准则对于以教学研究为目的的人员例外，它们在这里只是为了保护作者的权益而不是为了限制教育工作者和学习者。《Linux Installation and Getting Started》中的所有源码遵从GNU通用公共许可证协议，它们可以通过匿名FTP从ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/COPYING处得到。

出版LDP手册
  如果你是一个出版公司并且对出版LDP手册感兴趣，请阅读下面的内容。
  按照前面一节所提供的许可协议，任何人都允许出版和发布LDP手册的完全相同的复制品，并且不需要获得我们的明确许可。然而，如果你想要出版以任何LDP手册为基础的翻译或派生作品，那么在出版之前必须得到作者的许可。
  LDP手册的所有翻译和派生作品必须接受前面一节所提供的Linux文档许可协议，也就是说，如果你打算发行某个手册的译本，按照许可协议所描述的条件它必须也可以被自由地发布。
  当然，你可能是为了赢利的目的而出售LDP手册页，我们也支持你这么做，但是要记住，因为LDP手册可以自由发布，因此只要他们愿意，任何人都可以免费地影印或发布它们印刷的复制品。
  我们不需要你从销售LDP手册所获得的利润中向我们支付版税；但是，如果你确实是以赢利为目的销售LDP手册，那么我们建议你或者向作者提供一些版税，或者把你收入的一部分捐赠给作者、LDP或linux开发界，你可能还会免费地向作者邮寄一本或几本你正在出版的LDP手册。你对LDP和linux领域的支持，我们将深表感谢。
  我们非常希望获悉出版或发布LDP手册的任何计划，这样我们就可以知道如何得到它们。如果你正在出版或准备出版任何LDP手册，请向[e-mail]处的Matt Welsh发送e-mail。
  我们鼓励linux软件发行商同他们的软件一起发布LDP手册（例如《LinuxInstallation and Getting Started》）。LDP手册旨在成为"正式"的linux文档，我们希望看到邮购发行商把LDP手册同软件捆绑在一起。随着LDP手册的日趋成熟，实现这一目标会离我们越来越近。

关于上述译文(以下内容不是许可证的一部分)
  上述译文摘自由机械工业出版社出版的《RedHat Linux大全》。
  但是参照英文原文，我认为上述译文有几处不妥，现列举如下：(为了尊重原译者,我没有在原译文上进行改动)
  1． 版权许可协议第二段，最后一句译文为："它们并不是位于公共域中的内容"。原文为："THEY ARE NOT IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN."我认为译作："它们并不是公有的"。更为合适。这是因为public domain作为名词的含义是公有土地，应该可以自然地引申为公有物品的含义。
  2． 版权许可协议最后一段，第一句译文为："这些准则对于以教学研究为目的的人员例外。"原文为："Exceptions to these rules may be granted for academic purposes: Write to the author and ask."我认为译作："对于以学术研究为目的的人员，这些准则可能并不适用：请与作者联系并进行询
问。"更为合适。这是因为academic意为：学术的、理论的，而不是教学的。上述译文同时忽略了对"可能性"的表述和对作者进行询问的要求。

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GNU FREE DOCUMENT LICENSE

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This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.

We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.


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2. VERBATIM COPYING
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