as_comp.txt

TvicHW32(评估版)另一个编写驱动程序的实用工具(497KB)

                           TVicHW32 version 3.0
                           ====================

                   Copyright (C) 1997,1998 Victor Ishikeev
                     e-mail: [e-mail], [e-mail]
                     http://www.entechatiwan.com/tools.htm

                             AS_COMP.TXT
                             ===========



CONTENTS
========

1. GENERAL TVicHW32 COMPONENT PROPERTIES AND METHODS
2. DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS WITH TVicHW32 (NEW features!)
3. DIRECT PORT I/O WITH TVicHW32
4. HARDWARE INTERRUPT HANDLING WITH TVicHW32 (NEW features!)
5. SPECIFIC WORK WITH THE LPT PORT (NEW!)
6. CONTACT INFORMATION



1. GENERAL TVicHW32 COMPONENT PROPERTIES AND METHODS
====================================================

After successfully adding the TVicHW32 component to your VCL, and
after copying the kernel-mode driver(s) to the appropriate Windows
directories, you can test the functionality of the component, and
examine the sample code provided, by opening the included HW_TEST
demonstration program.

TVicHW32 has the following general component properties and methods:

    constructor Create (Owner: TComponent); override;
    -------------------------------------------------
    The Create method allocates memory to create the TVicHW32 
    component and initializes data as needed. Note that Create does 
    *not* automatically open the kernel-mode driver: you must open the
    kernel-mode driver with the OpenDriver method (see below).

    You do not normally need to directly call the Create method; the 
    component is automatically created at run-time.
    
    destructor Destroy; override;
    -----------------------------
    The Destroy method destroys the TVicHW32 component releases the 
    memory allocated to it. If a hardware interrupt was "unmasked" to
    permit direct access, the "mask" is automatically restored, and if 
    the kernel-mode driver was opened, it is automatically closed.

    You do not normally need to directly call the Destroy method; the 
    component is automatically destroyed when the application closes.

    procedure OpenDriver;
    ---------------------
    Loads the vichwXX.vxd (under Windows 95) or vichwXX.sys (under 
    Windows NT) kernel-mode driver, providing direct access to the 
    hardware. If the kernel-mode driver was successfully opened, the
    boolean ActiveHW property (see below) will be set to True; if the 
    procedure fails, the ActiveHW property will be False.

    procedure CloseDriver;
    ----------------------
    Closes the kernel-mode driver and releases memory allocated to it.
    If a hardware interrupt was "unmasked", the "mask" is restored. If the
    driver was successfully closed, the ActiveHW property (see below) will
    be set to False.

    property ActiveHW: Boolean; (published, read);
    ----------------------------------------------
    The read-only and run-time ActiveHW property specifies whether the
    kernel-mode driver is open. ActiveHW returns True if the driver is
    open, or False if it is not.


2. DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS WITH TVicHW32 (includes NEW features!)
==============================================================

The following function permits direct memory acccess:

    function MapPhysToLinear (PhAddr: dWord; Size: dWord): Pointer;
    ---------------------------------------- ----------------------
    Maps a specific physical address to a pointer in linear memory, 
    where PhAddr is the base address and Size is the actual number of
    bytes to which access is required.

    NEW! Now you can get up 16 of valid pointers to various physical 
    ===  addresses.

    The pointer returned by MapPhysToLinear() can be used in Mem[],
    MemW[] and in MemL[] properties (NEW! see below)
    
    The following example returns a pointer to the system ROM BIOS area:

    type 
      TBiosArray = array [0 ..255] of Byte;
      PBiosArray = ^TBiosArray;

    var 
      pBIOS: PBiosArray;

    begin
      with VicHw32 do
      begin
        OpenDriver;
        if ActiveHW then
        begin
          PBIOS:=MapPhysToLinear ($F8000,256); //255 bytes beginning at $F8000
          {...working with pBIOS...}
          CloseDriver;
        end
        else ShowMessage('ERROR: Kernel-mode driver is not open.'); 
      end;
    end;

NEW!
====
For access to the predefined memory area, TVicHW32 3.0 provides an 
implementation of the traditional Borland Pascal 7 predefined arrays,
Mem, MemW and MemL

    property    Mem[Base:Pointer; Index:DWORD]  : Byte; read, write;
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Value of the Mem array is of type Byte.
    This property allows read/write one byte  from the array type Byte
    based at given linear  address: Result := Mem[Base, index]. 
    "Index" value should begin from the "0" value.
    In general, "Base" can be any valid linear pointer to the memory. But 
    if this pointer was received from the MapPhysToLinear() function then 
    you can access physical memory also.

    property    MemW[Base:Pointer; Index:DWORD]  : Word; read, write;
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Value of the MemW array is of type Word.
    This property allows read/write two bytes (one word) from the array
    type word based at given linear  address: Result := MemW[Base, index]. 
    "Index" value should begin from the "0" value.

    property    MemL[Base:Pointer; Index:DWORD]  : DWORD; read, write;
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    Value of the MemL array is of type DWORD.
    This property allows read/write four bytes (two words) from the array
    type DWORD based at given linear  address: Result := MemL[Base, index]. 
    "Index" value should begin from the "0" value.

    The following example demonstrates direct access to the physical memory
    address 0040:0008:

    type TLPTAddress : array[1..3] of Word;
         PLPTAddress :^PLPTAddress;
    var  PLPT        : PLPTAddress;
         index       : DWORD;

    with VicHw32 do
    begin
      {...}
      PLPT := MapPhysToLinear($408,6); // Map 6 bytes to the linear address space
     
      for index:= 0 to 2 do
        ShowMessage("Address of LPT"+IntToStr(index+1)+" is: "+IntToHex(MemW[PLPT,index]);
      {...}
    end;


3. DIRECT PORT I/O WITH TVicHW32
================================

For access to the 80x86 CPU data ports, TVicHW32 provides an implementation of
the traditional Borland Pascal 7 predefined arrays, Port and PortW, and adds
PortL (which accepts a DWORD) and a "Hard/Soft" boolean switch.

When a value is assigned to an array of type Port, PortW, or PortL, the value 
is output to the selected port. When an array of type Port, PortW or PortL is 
referenced in an expression, its value is input from the selected port. Use of 
the Port, PortW and PortL arrays are restricted to assignment and reference in 
expressions only.

The following properties permit direct I/O port access:

    property Port[Index: Word]: Byte; (public, read, write);
    --------------------------------------------------------
    Value of the Port array is of type Byte.

    property PortW [Index: Word]: Word; (public, read, write);
    --------------------------------------- ------------------
    Value of the PortW array is of type Word.

    property PortL [Index: Word]: dWord; (public, read, write);
    --------------------------------------- -------------------
    Value of the PortL array is of type DWord.

    procedure   PortControl(Ports:pPortRec; NumPorts:Word);
    -------------------------------------------------------

    This method allows write/read array of ports.

    type PortRec = array[1..NumPorts] of record
           PortAddr : Word;    // Address
           PortData : Byte;    // Data (for writing or after reading)
           fWrite   : Boolean; // TRUE if you want to write this port 
                               // and FALSE if to read.
         end;
     pPortRec   =^PortRec;

    procedure ReadPortFIFO(PortAddr:Word; NumPorts:Word; var Buffer);
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
   
    This method allows read array of bytes from single port.

    procedure WritePortFIFO(PortAddr:Word; NumPorts:Word; var Buffer);
    ------------------------------------------------------------------
   
    This method allows write array of bytes to single port.

    property HardAccess: Boolean; (published, read, write); default TRUE;
    --------------------------------------- -----------------------------
    The HardAccess property determines whether the kernel-mode driver
    should use "hard" or "soft" access to the I/O ports. If set to True
    "hard" access is employed; if set to False "soft" access is employed.

    "Soft" access provides higher performance access to ports, but may fail
    if the port(s) addressed are already in use by another kernel-mode 
    driver. While slower, "Hard" access provides more reliable access to
    ports which have already been opened by another kernel-mode driver. 
    I reccomend you use HardAccess := TRUE.

    The following example demonstrates direct port I/O calls, and generally
    complies with traditional Borland Pascal 7 syntax to facilitate porting
    16-bit code to Delphi 2:

    with VicHw32 do
    begin
      {...}
      Port[$2F8]:=$34;     // write a byte to port
      {...}
      MyByte:=Port[$2f9];  // read a byte from a port
      {...}
    end;


4. HARDWARE INTERRUPT HANDLING WITH TVicHW32 (NEW features!)
============================================================

In a Win32 environment, hardware interrupts are normally hidden or "masked" 
by Windows; the TVicHW32 kernel-mode driver allows you to "unmask" the 
interrupt for direct handling by your application. Note that only one 
interrupt can be handled at a time.

The following properties and methods permit access to hardware interrupts.

    property OnHwInterrupt (Sender        : TObject;
                            HwCounter     : Longint;
                            LPT_DataReg   : Byte;
                            LPT_StatusReg : Byte;
                            Keyb_ScanCode : Byte) of object; published;
    -------------------------------------------------------------------
    Notification event that a specific hardware interrupt has occurred.

    HwCounter       : shows how many interruption was processed in the driver.
    LPT_DataReg     : if used IRQ7 then driver reads base LPT port (data)
    LPT_StatusReg   : if used IRQ7 then driver reads status LPT register(base+2)
    Keyb_ScanKode   : if used IRQ1 then driver allows you see all keystrokes
                      (scan codes) from the keyboard.

    property IRQNumber: Byte; (published, read, write)
    --------------------------------------------------
    Specifies which hardware interrupt (IRQ1..15) is to be unmasked for 
    processing. Note that IRQ0 (the system timer) is *not* supported.

    property IRQMasked : Boolean; (public, read, write);
    ---------------------------------------------------
    Unmasks (IRQMasked := TRUE) or masks the hardware interrupt specified 
    by the IRQNumber property, so that an OnHWInterrupt event will be generated 
    when a hardware interrupt occurs.
    You can read this property when you want check if current IRQ masked or not. 

5. SPECIFIC WORK WITH THE LPT PORT (NEW!)
=========================================

Now TVicHW32 provides extended properties and methods for work with the
printer (LPT) port.   

==== BASE ====

    property LPTNumPorts : Byte; (public, read only)
    -------------------------------------------
    Shows how many LPT ports are installed on your PC.

    property LPTNumber : Byte; (public, read, write, default 1);
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    Allows select a current LPT port.

    property LPTBasePort : Word; (public, read);
    --------------------------------------------
    Returns a base address of the current LPT port.

==== PINS ====

    property Pin[Index:1..25] : Boolean; (public, read, write)
    ---------------------------------------------------------
    Allows : 1) Read an electrical level from the select pin of
             current LPT port. Returns TRUE if current level is HIGH
             2) Write an electrical level to the selected pin.
                TRUE - HIGH level.
    Note: Not all pins are accessible for this operation. Run test example
          for more info.

==== STATUS ====

    property LPTAckwl : Boolean (public, read)
    ------------------------------------------
    Returns ACKWL state from the printer

    property LPTBusy : Boolean (public, read)
    ------------------------------------------
    Returns BUSY state from the printer

    property LPTPaperEnd : Boolean (public, read)
    --------------------------------------------
    Returns PAPER END state from the printer
    
    property LPTSlct : Boolean (public, read)
    ------------------------------------------
    Returns SLCT state from the printer

    property LPTError : Boolean (public, read)
    ------------------------------------------
    Returns ERROR state from the printer

=== COMMANDS ===

    procedure LPTStrobe; public;
    ----------------------------
    Sends STROBE signal to the printer

    procedure LPTAutofd(Flag:Boolean); public;
    ------------------------------------------
    Sets current AUTOFD  state on printer

    procedure LPTInit; public;
    -------------------------------------
    Resets printer by sending INIT signal

    procedure LPTSlctIn; public;
    ----------------------------------
    Sends SLCTIN signal to the printer

    function LPTPrintChar(ch:Char):Boolean; public;
    -----------------------------------------------
    Sends one symbol to the printer. Returns TRUE if
    successed. Otherwise you need repeat this operation.   
    

6. CONTACT INFORMATION
======================

    Comments, questions and suggestions regarding TVicHW32 can be directed
by e-mail to [e-mail] or [e-mail]. For the latest version
of TVicHW32 visit http://www.entechatiwan.com/tools.htm

With best wishes,

Victor Ishikeev
Oct 1998