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<p><FONT class=normalfont><B><font color=blue>kickstart无人值守安装linux</font></B></FONT><BR><FONT class=smallfont color=#ff9900>2004-04-23 15:18 pm</FONT><BR><FONT class=normalfont>作者：yangbofu<br>来自：Linux知识宝库<br>联系方式：无名<br><br>有的时候我们需要大量安装操作系统，如果一台一台手工安装的话，就得手忙脚乱的满屋子跑着给安装程序输入信息了。我们自然不想这样做，幸好很多操作系统都提供了无人值守安装的方法。所谓无人值守安装，实际上就是提前把安装过程中要输入的信息，写入一个文件。安装时利用相应的参数指向这个文件，那么安装程序就可以从这个文件中读取安装信息了，自然就可以无人值守自动进行了。尤其对于不想老盯着屏幕陪着它一步一步进行安装的懒虫来说，这可是个好东东。<br>
Windows 2000的无人值守安装讨论的比较多，这里就不谈了。我们来看一下Red Hat Linux的无人值守安装。<br>
<br>
Red Hat的无人值守安装是通过一个名叫KickStart的程序进行的，使用的无人值守安装文件为ks.cfg。ks.cfg是个文本文件，它由三部分组成：<br>
命令（command）<br>
软件包列表（%packages）<br>
要运行的脚本<br>
<br>
命令部分指明大部分的安装参数，例如键盘、鼠标设置，语言区域选择，分区设置、网络设置、管理员密码等等。这里项目很多，不过大部分的项目从名字上就可以看出用途。软件包列表指出要安装的软件包，可以指定某个组件，也可以指定单独的软件包。脚本则分为两种：Pre-Installation和 Post-Installation，分别用%pre和%post来指明。Pre-Installation脚本在安装开始之前，ks.cfg被读取以后执行，Post-Installation脚本在安装完成以后执行，常用来做一些附加安装或设置。<br>
<br>
这个文件的内容如此之多，手工写起来也是颇麻烦的，好在Red Hat Linux提供了一个图形化的程序KickStart Configurator。我们可以在这个窗口中进行各种安装时的设置，最后直接保存文件就行了。<br>
<br>
<br>
有了无人值守安装文件，我们就可以执行Linux的自动安装了。具体方法为，把ks.cfg拷贝到Linux启动软盘上（如果你通过网络安装Red Hat，就应该放在网络服务器上），利用软盘引导。出现boot:提示符时，输入<br>
linux ks=floopy<br>
<br>
然后下面要做的就是，端杯茶一边凉快去了。
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