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# 指定要分派那几台 DNS Server 来提供服务? <br>
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option domain-name-servers 163.26.167.1, 163.26.200.1, 168.95.1.1; <br>
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option time-offset -5; # Eastern Standard Time <br>
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# 动态分配 IP 围 <br>
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range dynamic-bootp 163.26.167.50 163.26.167.100; <br>
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# IP 租约时间 <br>
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default-lease-time 21600; <br>
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max-lease-time 43200; <br>
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# 将贵校的 DNS 主机设定在固定 IP <br>
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# we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address <br>
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host ns { <br>
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next-server dns.jmjh.tnc.edu.tw; <br>
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hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD; <br>
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fixed-address 163.26.167.1; <br>
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} <br>
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} <br>
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上面的设定中, 请您依贵校组态, 自行修改之. <br>
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要注意的是: <br>
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(a) host ns { <br>
next-server dns.jmjh.tnc.edu.tw; <br>
hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD; ---> 这个是 DNS 主机网路卡的编号(6 bytes), 请用 ifconfig 来查询, 如下所示: <br>
fixed-address 163.26.167.1; <br>
} <br>
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ifconfig 得: <br>
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eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 48:54:E8:26:CC:C9 <br>
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inet addr:163.26.167.1 Bcast:163.26.167.127 Mask:255.255.255.128 <br>
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UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 <br>
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RX packets:762193 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 <br>
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TX packets:555401 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 <br>
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collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 <br>
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Interrupt:11 Base address:0x8000 <br>
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取 HWaddr 48:54:E8:26:CC:C9 的 48:54:E8:26:CC:C9 <br>
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填入上面的 hardware ethernet 设定中即可. <br>
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特别注意: 贵校的网卡编号(每张卡全球唯一)一定不会和此本一样, 请勿照抄此处的设定值哟! <br>
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(b) 这台 dhcp server 可以和原有的 NT/W2K 上的 dhcp server 共存, 但请注意, IP 分配段最好要错开. <br>
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那麽, 到底工作站会向那一台 dhcp server 取得动态分配呢? <br>
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很简单, 当工作站发出要求(request)的讯息时, 谁先抢到, 就由谁先提供. <br>
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3. 执行: <br>
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/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd start <br>
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第一次执行时, 不会成功, <br>
<br>
若是 dhcp-2.0-5 版本, 它会出现 failed 失败的红色字串, 并警告您: <br>
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/var/state/dhcp/dhcpd.leases 这个档案不存, 因此, 您必须手动开启一个新档: <br>
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touch /var/state/dhcp/dhcpd.leases <br>
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这个档案的用途是: 记录各工作站租赁 IP 的情形. <br>
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若是 DHCP-2.0-12 以後的版本, 则不会出现任何讯息, 您会发现它并没有运作起来. <br>
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这是因为: 此版一旦发现您没有开设此档, 便会直接跳出而不执行. <br>
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而且此档的位置稍有不同: <br>
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它位於 /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases <br>
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OK, 手动开一下吧?! <br>
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touch /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases <br>
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现在可以启动了, 并把它设成一开机就自动执行(linuxconf 或 ntsysv 皆可设定之) <br>
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/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd start <br>
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恭喜您！ 贵校已拥有一个非常稳定的 DHCP Server 了! <br>
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注意事项: <br>
<br>
若您有架设 Linux 防火墙, 想将 DHCP Server 由某一张网卡分配出去(一张网卡代表一个网段围), <br>
<br>
例如: 想由第二张网路卡 eth1 介面分配出去, 只要修改 /etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd 即可. <br>
<br>
如下所示: <br>
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将 start daemons 的地方 <br>
<br>
由: <br>
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daemon /usr/sbin/dhcpd <br>
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改成: <br>
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daemon /usr/sbin/dhcpd eth1 <br>
<br>
<br>
结言： <br>
<br>
DHCP Server 是网管工作中, 非常重要的利器, 架设二台以上备援, 也是明智的作法. <br>
<br>
而且, 从此, 您可以不必再倚靠 NT/W2K 这种效能差又不稳定(本益比实在太低了)的系统了. <br>
<br>
(不必受限於某一家封闭型的公司, 又不必花大钱, 才是中小学校网路建置, 最佳的本益比选择!) <br>
<br>
<br>
OLS3 写重感冒中... 04/28/2001 <br>
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: <br>
<br>
我这一生中, 只有在生病和喝醉酒时, 才会比较好命一点, 可以早早睡, 且睡到自然醒. ;-) <br>
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