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<p><FONT class=normalfont><B><font color=blue>找出一个文件中出现某str的次数</font></B></FONT><BR><FONT class=smallfont color=#ff9900>2004-04-23 15:18 pm</FONT><BR><FONT class=normalfont>作者:作者<br>来自:Linux知识宝库<br>联系方式:无名<br><br>找出一个文件比如test中出现hello的次数。<br>
<br>
小弟有一计,不知可否:<br>
awk '/hello/{print $0}' test &gt; test1<br>
awk  'BEGIN{FS='';OFS=''}{print $0}' test1 &gt; test2<br>
sed 's/$/aaa/' test2 &gt; test3<br>
awk 'BEGIN{FS='hello';OFS='';}' test3 &gt; test4<br>
length=`cat test3 | wc -l`<br>
length=`length - 1`<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
执行了一下,有语法错误。我再仔细看看。<br>
看的出来,阁下的shell水平很高。<br>
或许命令awk的使用是关键,这个我不很熟,需要恶补一下。<br>
<br>
可能是最后一句有错,我的意思是将length的值减去1,可能写法不对<br>
<br>
好象第一行执行就有错。可能是分隔符闹的吧。<br>
最后一句确实不对,应该是:<br>
length=`expr $length - 1`<br>
<br>
/hello/和{print $0}之间应当有空格,程序的思路大体是这样:<br>
首先,将文件中所有包含'hello'的行输出到test1中,然后将文件的所有行连成一行输出到test2,这样test2就变成了只有一行的文件,然后为了避免文件的最后一个单词是'hello'造成边界问题,在test2的最后加上'aaa',输出到test3,然后以'hello'为分割符,回车为输出的分割符将内容输出到test4,这样文件中有多少个'hello'就会有多少个回车,也就是有多少行,当然最后别忘了减一<br>
<br>
赋值语句可以直接用 let length=$length-1<br>
<br>
<br>
下面引用由feeling在 2002/01/29 02:23pm 发表的内容:<br>
赋值语句可以直接用 $length=$length-1 或者 let length=$length-1<br>
<br>
<br>
你这指的是什么shell呀。据我所知,B SHELL和K SHELL是不能这样写的。 <br>
<br>
这样写行不行:<br>
number=`more test|tr 'hello'|wc -w`  #计算以hello为界限拔test分为几部分<br>
number=`expr $number - 1`  #上面的办法会多计上一个,所以这里减掉一。<br>
<br>
呵呵,偶又生一计:<br>
sed 's/hello/hello/' test &gt; test1<br>
sed '/hello/' test1 &gt; test2<br>
length=`cat test2 | wc -l`<br>
<br>
<br>
哈哈,I got it,在AIX上调试通过:<br>
sed 's/$/qqq/' test &gt; test1<br>
cat test1 | tr -d '' &gt; test2<br>
cat test2 | tr 'hello' '' &gt; test3<br>
length=`cat test3 | wc -l`<br>
length=`expr $length - 1`<br>
<br>
刚翻出这个旧帖,觉得可以这样:<br>
awk '{for (i=1;i&lt;=NF;i++) if ($i == "hello") count++} END{print count}' file<br>
<br>
在valentine的启发下,我也提出一种解法<br>
sed 's/hello/hello@/g' test | tr '@' '' | grep -c hello<br>
<br>
Num=0<br>
awk '/hello/' test | while read Line<br>
do<br>
      Num=`expr $Num + 1`<br>
done<br>
echo $Num<br>
这样子不知道行不行?<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
再来一招<br>
编辑脚本文件sedfile<br>
内容为:<br>
s/hello/&<br>
/g<br>
<br>
然后运行命令:<br>
sed -f sedfile test | grep -c hello<br>
<br>
注意,以上在csh中通过<br>
<br>
-------------------<br>
bash中就更加简单了<br>
不用建立什么文件了<br>
sed 's/hello/&<br>
/g' test | grep -c hello <br>
</FONT><br>
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