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<p><FONT class=normalfont><B><font color=blue>redhat 7.1中的网络服务配置</font></B></FONT><BR><FONT class=smallfont color=#ff9900>2004-04-23 15:18 pm</FONT><BR><FONT class=normalfont>作者:springwind<br>来自:Linux知识宝库<br>联系方式:无名<br><br>redhat 7.1和以往的版本有一个明显的区别,就是用xinetd.conf代替原来的inetd.conf,并且直接使用了 <br>
firewall服务。出于系统整体安全性增强的考虑,7.1在默认安装时没有启动老版本中大家比较熟悉的ftp, <br>
telnet等服务,并且由于ipchains的严格限制,给许多用户的配置带来了麻烦。 <br>
为了方便大家的配置和使用,我在这里将我摸索的配置过程介绍给大家。 <br>
xinetd(eXtended InterNET services daemon)对inetd功能进行了扩展,有关它的背景和其他内容在这里就 <br>
不多讲了,有兴趣的可以去www.xinetd.org或其他相关网站查询,我具体说一下如何使你的网络服务转起来。 <br>
<br>
xinetd的默认配置文件是/etc/xinetd.conf,它看起来尽管和老版本的/etc/inetd.conf完全不同,其实只是 <br>
以一个脚本的形式将inetd中每一行指定的服务扩展为一个/etc/xinetd.d/下的配置文件。其格式为: <br>
<br>
service service-name <br>
{ <br>
Socket_type = xxx; //TCP/IP socket type,such as stream,dgram,raw,.... <br>
protocol = xxx; //服务使用的协议 <br>
Server = xxx; //服务daemon的完整路径 <br>
Server_args = xxx; //服务的参数 <br>
Port = xxx; //指定服务的端口号 <br>
Wait = xxx; //是否阻塞服务,即单线程或多线程 <br>
User = xxx; //服务进程的uid <br>
Group = xxx; //gid <br>
REUSE = xxx; //可重用标志 <br>
Disabled = yes/no; //是否禁用 <br>
...... <br>
<br>
} <br>
<br>
我们以ftp和telnet为例,说明配置过程。 <br>
在/etc/xinetd.d目录下,编辑ftp和telnet <br>
ftp如下: <br>
service proftpd <br>
{ <br>
disable = no <br>
port = 21 <br>
socket_type = stream <br>
protocol = tcp <br>
user = root <br>
server = /usr/local/sbin/in.proftpd <br>
wait = no <br>
} <br>
<br>
<br>
telnet如下: <br>
Service telnetd <br>
{ <br>
disable = no <br>
port = 23 <br>
Socket_type=stream <br>
protocol=tcp <br>
wait=tcp <br>
user=root <br>
server=/usr/sbin/in.telnetd <br>
} <br>
<br>
<br>
然后,重新启动服务 <br>
#/etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd restart 或:#killall -HUP xinetd <br>
<br>
这时候,telnet localhost和ftp localhost都应该没有问题了。 <br>
但是,从局域网内的其他机器仍然可能使用不了ftp和telnet服务。原来还有一个地方需要设置, <br>
就是ipchains,它具有firewall和路由的功能。 <br>
#vi /etc/sysconfig/ipchains,大家发现什么了? <br>
<br>
# Firewall configuration written by lokkit <br>
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended. <br>
# Note: ifup-post will punch the current nameservers through the <br>
# firewall; such entries will *not* be listed here. <br>
:input ACCEPT <br>
:forward ACCEPT <br>
:output ACCEPT <br>
-A input -s 0/0 -d 0/0 -i lo -j ACCEPT <br>
-A input -p tcp -s 0/0 -d 0/0 0:1023 -y -j REJECT //******** <br>
-A input -p tcp -s 0/0 -d 0/0 2049 -y -j REJECT <br>
-A input -p udp -s 0/0 -d 0/0 0:1023 -j REJECT //******** <br>
-A input -p udp -s 0/0 -d 0/0 2049 -j REJECT <br>
-A input -p tcp -s 0/0 -d 0/0 6000:6009 -y -j REJECT <br>
-A input -p tcp -s 0/0 -d 0/0 7100 -y -j REJECT <br>
<br>
没错,出于安全,ipchains把0-1023端口的入口全部封闭了。所以必须将它们打开。 <br>
<br>
将其中我加了//********标记的行中的REJECT修改为ACCEPT, <br>
然后重新启动机器,一切OK. <br>
其他的服务,如rlogin,talk等和上述配置基本相同,大家自己去摸索吧。不过,如果要更深入的了解, <br>
可还要下一番工夫了。 :) <br>
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