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---DECODE函数,多重(if,then,else)<br>
   decode(value,if1,then1,if2,then2,.....,else)<br>
<br>
---判断'VALUE'是否为空(空值替换)<br>
   NVL(UALUE,'WKFHZ')  'WKFHZ'是为空返回值,不为空则为原值<br>
<br>
---字段长度<br>
    length(:block_name.item_id)<br>
<br>
---返回字符串的第一(最左)个字符的ascII值<br>
   ascII(string)<br>
<br>
---多行'VALUE'的   (作用于多'行')<br>
    AVG(VALUE)平均值<br>
    COUNT(VALUE)行数<br>
    MAX(VALUE)最大值<br>
    MIN(VALUE)最小值<br>
    SUM(VALUE)和 <br>
<br>
---字符转换<br>
    TRANSLATE(STRING,'待转字符','转换字符');<br>
    如  TEANSLATE('AAABBB','AB','BA')  返回'BBBAAA'<br>
    <br>
<br>
---比较单行中多个列的值获得最大('GREATEST'最小('LEAST')<br>
    GREATEST|LEAST(列名,列名,...)<br>
<br>
---按表达式或位置排序 <br>
   ORDER BY '表达式'OR'位置' ASC|DESC  ASC'升',DESC'降' 默认'ASC'	<br>
***********************************************************************<br>
***********************************************************************<br>
---游标的属性<br>
   (1) %ISOPEN  打开属性 布尔型 打开为TRUE       <br>
        判断'光标'是否打开如未打开则打开'光标'<br>
        IF NOT(CORSOR_NAME%ISOPEN) THEN<br>
           OPEN CORSOR_NAME;<br>
        END IF;<br>
       FETCH CORSOR_NAME INTO ...<br>
   (2) %NOTFOUND 布尔型 最近一次'FETCH'返回无结果 则为TRUE<br>
          OPEN CORSOR_NAME;<br>
          LOOP<br>
               FETCH CORSOR_NAME INTO ...   <br>
               EXIT WHEN CORSOR_NAEM%NOTFOUND;<br>
          END LOOP;<br>
   (3) %FOUND 布尔型 最近一次'FETCH'返回无结果 则为FALSE<br>
         OPEN CORSOR_NAME;<br>
          <br>
<br>
         WHILE CORSOR_NAME%FOUND LOOP<br>
               ......<br>
               FETCH CORSOR_NAME INTO ... <br>
         END LOOP;<br>
         CLOSE CORSOR_NAME; <br>
   (4) %ROWCOUNT NUMVER型 为游标取出的行数<br>
         OPEN CORSOR_NAME;<br>
         LOOP<br>
            FETCH CORSOR_NAME INTO ... <br>
            EXIT WHEN CORSOR_NAME%ROWCOUNT&gt;5; <br>
             ......    <br>
         END LOOP;         <br>
         CLOSE CORSOR_NAME; <br>
          <br>
<br>
---循环语句<br>
   (1)基本循环<br>
       LOOP <br>
        .....<br>
       EXIT WHILE; 如(EXIT WHEN X&gt;100)<br>
       END LOOP;<br>
   (2)WHILE循环 <br>
       WHILE 如( WHEN X&gt;100) LOOP<br>
         .....<br>
       END LOOP;<br>
   (3)数值型FOR循环  'X'为计数器  <br>
       FOR X IN (第减值) Y..Z LOOP<br>
          .....<br>
       END LOOP;<br>
   (4)游标FOR循环<br>
       <br>
<br>
         <br>
---Exception(例外)在最近的'BEGIN'和'END'之间<br>
 Exception<br>
       语法1 当'没有数据找到'时<br>
       when no_data_found then <br>
       语法2 当'发生任何错误'时<br>
       when others then <br>
       语法3 当'发现多行'时<br>
       WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN<br>
       语法4 当'字符向数字转换失败'时<br>
       WHEN INVALID_NUMBER THEN      <br>
       语法5 当'被零除'时<br>
       WHEN ZERO_DIVIDE THEN <br>
       语法6 当'向唯一索引中插入重复数据'时<br>
       WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN<br>
       语法7 当'非法游标操作'时<br>
       WHEN INVALID_CURSOR THEN<br>
       语法8 当'数字的,数据转换,截字符串或强制性的错误'时<br>
       WHEN VALUE_ERROR THEN  <br>
**************************************************************************<br>
**************************************************************************<br>
--常用TEXT_IO<br>
Delcare<br>
  out_file  text_io.file_type;<br>
Begin<br>
  out_file:=text_io.fopen('prn','w');<br>
  text_io.new_line(out_file,' ');<br>
  text_io.put_line(out_file,' ')<br>
  text_io.fclose(out_file);<br>
End;<br>
<br>
---文本输入输出<br>
   TEXT_IO<br>
   TEXT_IO PACKAGE<br>
   TEXT_IO FCLOSE<br>
   TEXT_IO.FILE_TYPE<br>
   TEXT_IO.FOPEN<br>
   TEXT_IO.IS_OPEN<br>
   TEXT_IO.GET_LINE<br>
   TEXT_IO.NEW_LINE<br>
   TEXT_IO.PUT<br>
   TEXT_IO.PUTF<br>
   TEXT_IO.PUT_LINE<br>
  USING TEXT_IO CONSTRUCTS<br>
----------------------------<br>
Declare<br>
     Out_file     Text_io.file_type;<br>
     L            Varchar2(100);<br>
     L1           Varchar2(100);<br>
     L2           Varchar2(100);<br>
Begin<br>
    Out_file :=text_io.fopen('c:lllogin.txt','r');<br>
    If text_io.is_open(Out_file) then<br>
	text_io.get_line(Out_file,L);<br>
	text_io.get_line(Out_file,L1);<br>
	text_io.get_line(Out_file,L2);<br>
    Else<br>
        Null;<br>
    End if;<br>
End;   <br>
<br>
---清除全局变量<br>
   erase('global.var_name');<br>
<br>
---隐藏'WINDOW','VIEW','MENU'<br>
   HIDE_WINDOW|VIEW|MENU(WINDOW|VIEW|MENU_name);<br>
<br>
--- 增加参数add_parameter<br>
Declare<br>
  pl_id ParamList; <br>
BEGIN <br>
  pl_id:=Get_Parameter_List('tempdata'); <br>
  IF NOT Id_Null(pl_id) THEN <br>
     Destroy_Parameter_List(pl_id); <br>
  END IF; <br>
  pl_id:=Create_Parameter_List('tempdata'); <br>
  Add_Parameter(pl_id,'EMP_QUERY',DATA_PARAMETER,'EMP_RECS'); <br>
  Run_Product(REPORTS,'empreport',SYNCHRONOUS,RUNTIME, <br>
              FILESYSTEM,pl_id,NULL); <br>
END; <br>
<br>
---<br>
DECLARE<br>
  lArgs OLE2.LIST_TYPE;<br>
BEGIN<br>
  word.hApp:=OLE2.CREATE_OBJ('Word.Basic');<br>
  lArgs:=OLE2.CREATE_ARGLIST;<br>
  OLE2.ADD_ARG(lArgs,:ole.word_doc);<br>
  OLE2.INVOKE(Word.hApp,'fileopen',lArgs);<br>
  OLE2.DESTROY_ARGLIST(lArgs);<br>
END;<br>
***********************删除重复记录**************<br>
  Delete from emp e<br>
  where e.rowid &gt;<br>
   (select min(f.rowid) from emp f<br>
    4 where f.empno=e.empno);<br>
<br>
结束<br>
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width=100% border=0>    <tr>       <td><font class=normalfont><a href="type4.html" tppabs="http://www.linuxhero.com/docs/type4.html">shell</a></font></td>    </tr>  </table></td></tr><tr class=secondalt> <td noWrap width=27%> <font class=normalfont>5:</font> </td><td noWrap width=73%>   <table width=100% border=0>    <tr>       <td><font class=normalfont><a href="type5.html" tppabs="http://www.linuxhero.com/docs/type5.html">安装启动</a></font></td>    </tr>  </table></td></tr><tr class=firstalt> <td noWrap width=27%> <font class=normalfont>6:</font> </td><td noWrap width=73%>   <table width=100% border=0>    <tr>       <td><font class=normalfont><a href="type6.html" tppabs="http://www.linuxhero.com/docs/type6.html">xwindow</a></font></td>    </tr>  </table></td></tr><tr class=secondalt> <td noWrap width=27%> <font class=normalfont>7:</font> </td><td noWrap width=73%>   <table width=100% border=0>    <tr>       <td><font class=normalfont><a href="type7.html" tppabs="http://www.linuxhero.com/docs/type7.html">kde</a></font></td>    </tr>  </table></td></tr><tr class=firstalt> <td noWrap width=27%> <font class=normalfont>8:</font> </td><td noWrap width=73%>   <table width=100% border=0>    <tr>       <td><font class=normalfont><a href="type8.html" tppabs="http://www.linuxhero.com/docs/type8.html">gnome</a></font></td>    </tr>  </table></td></tr><tr class=secondalt> <td noWrap width=27%> <font class=normalfont>9:</font> </td><td noWrap width=73%>   <table width=100% border=0>    <tr>       <td><font class=normalfont><a href="type9.html" tppabs="http://www.linuxhero.com/docs/type9.html">输入法类</a></font></td>    </tr>  </table></td></tr><tr class=firstalt> <td noWrap width=27%> <font class=normalfont>10:</font> </td><td noWrap width=73%>   <table width=100% border=0>    <tr>       <td><font class=normalfont><a href="type10.html" tppabs="http://www.linuxhero.com/docs/type10.html">美化汉化</a></font></td>    </tr>  </table></td></tr><tr 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