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著名的linux英雄站点的文档打包

If you would like to keep a local copy of the directory listing, the 'mls' command should be used.<br>
With regard to using mls, you have to specify which remote directory the listing should be of, so if you want a listing of the current directory you have to type '.' as the name of the directory.<br>
You then have to specify the local file that you want the directory listing to be saved to and type 'y' in response to the 'output to local file' question that follows.<br>
2.4 Modification date of a file.<br>
The 'modtime' command is useful for when you need to know when a remote file was last modified.<br>
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3. Running a 'shell' command.<br>
It can be useful at times to run a shell command from within an ftp connection. This is done by first typing an exclamation mark (!) followed by the command itself.<br>
I do this quite often to ensure that I am in the correct local directory as it helps to make certain that I am not going to to overwrite a local file. To do this, you should type:<br>
<br>
ftp&gt; !pwd /home/ken<br>
You can also use '!' on it's own to get to the command prompt without logging out from the ftp session. You can get back to the ftp prompt by typing 'exit'.<br>
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4. Transferring files.<br>
Okay, so now that you know how to log in and change directories the next thing that you need to learn is how to transfer files.<br>
Before you get around to transferring a file though it is important that you are in the correct transfer type.<br>
4.1 Transfer type.<br>
There are two transfer types that can be used to transfer files; ascii and binary.<br>
To see which transfer type is currently active, use the 'type' command.<br>
<br>
ftp&gt; type<br>
Using binary mode to transfer files.<br>
ftp&gt; ascii<br>
200 Type set to A.<br>
ftp&gt; type<br>
Using ascii mode to transfer files.<br>
ftp&gt; binary<br>
200 Type set to I.<br>
ftp&gt; type<br>
Using binary mode to transfer files.<br>
<br>
As seen in the example above, type 'ascii' to change to the ascii type and 'binary' to change to the binary type.<br>
4.2 Copying files.<br>
To get a copy of a file from the server to the local computer you use the command 'get'.<br>
Tp put a copy of a local file onto the sever you use the command 'put'.<br>
4.3 Copying multiple files.<br>
If you need to copy a number of files of the same transfer type from one remote directory to a local directory you can use the command 'mget', similarly 'mput' should be used to transfer a number of files of the same type onto the server.<br>
You can be as specific or as general in your use of 'mget' or 'mput' as you like.<br>
For example 'mget *' means that all remote files (both binary and ascii) will get copied down from the server. Similarly 'mget foo*' means that all files starting with 'foo' will be copied down from the server.<br>
Each time that you use mget or mput you will be prompted to confirm the transfer. Typing anything other than 'n' means the file will be copied.<br>
You can quit out of mget or mput and remain in the ftp session by pressing ctrl-c.<br>
4.4 Resuming a 'get'.<br>
One of the nice advantages that you get by using an ftp client over a web browser that supports the ftp protocol is that, if your connection to the server breaks for whatever reason, you can get the ftp client to start over again from where it left off. This is done by using the 'reget' command.<br>
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4.5 Visual confirmation.<br>
If you are copying a large file and would like some form of visual indication of progress then the 'hash' command, which causes the hash mark (#) to be printed for each segment of the file which has been copied, will be of use to you.<br>
You should use the 'hash' command before copying the file for which you want the visual indication.<br>
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5. Deleting files.<br>
Once you have made a local copy of a file from the server you may want to delete the original file that you copied. Naturally, this will only work if you have the appropriate permissions to delete the file.<br>
To do this, use the 'delete' command.<br>
if you have a number of files to delete, I'd suggest you use the 'mdelete' command which can be aborted by pressing ctrl-c.<br>
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6. Macros.<br>
I doubt this facility is available in all text based ftp clients but it is far too useful to not mention.<br>
You can use 'macdef' to combine several commands into a macro, so that for example if you find that you always follow a 'pwd' with a '!pwd' then you could combine these into a macro called '2pwd' and use that instead. For example:<br>
<br>
<br>
ftp&gt; macdef 2pwd<br>
Enter macro line by line, terminating it with a null line<br>
pwd<br>
!pwd<br>
&lt;Enter&gt;<br>
To indicate that you want to use a macro instead of a standard command you have to preceed the name of the macro with a dollar sign ($). For example:<br>
ftp&gt; $2pwd<br>
pwd<br>
257 "/home2/wolfhaven" is current directory.<br>
!pwd<br>
/home/ken<br>
<br>
This is a very trivial example but you should be able to see how to apply this to a larger sequence of commands.<br>
X. More Information.<br>
If you would like to learn more of the ftp client's commands, I'd suggest you use the help command and also man ftp at the command prompt. Using 'help' on its own will present you with a list of commands that the ftp client supports, to get details of what a specific command does then add it as a parameter to the help command. For example:<br>
<br>
ftp&gt; help verbose<br>
verbose toggle verbose mode<br>
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