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<p><FONT class=normalfont><B><font color=blue>用Apache反向代理设置对外的WWW和文件服务</font></B></FONT><BR><FONT class=smallfont color=#ff9900>2004-04-23 15:18 pm</FONT><BR><FONT class=normalfont>作者：作者<br>来自：Linux知识宝库<br>联系方式：无名<br><br>简介：一台机器用专线接入Internet作为防火墙，在内部网段上有一台WWW服务器 （Redhat 6.1,Apache 1.3.9）希望这台机器能对外提供WWW服务器和基于apache的文件服务。供外部世界公共访问WWW服务器，或者外地分公司下载需要的文件。 <br>
<br>
优点： 内部的WWW服务器和文件服务完全与外部世界隔开，不直接连接到外部，通过防火墙上运行的Apache服务提供对内部的代理访问，增强了安全性，同时在防火墙上运行的Apache服务运用基于名字的虚拟主机技术，使得防火墙上的主页不会被访问到。符合了作为防火墙要求运行服务越少越安全的准则。 <br>
<br>
实现方法：在内部网段上的Apache服务器（192.168.11.2）存放的是公司主页，供内部和外部用户公共访问，并设置/home/ftp/pub目录为文件存放区域，用http://download.yourdomain.com/pub/来访问。在防火墙上设置apache反向代理技术，由防火墙代理对内部网段上的访问。 <br>
<br>
步骤： <br>
一. 内部网段上的Apache服务器设置 <br>
apache采用默认配置。主目录为/home/httpd/html,主机域名为 sun.yourdomain.com,且别名到www.yourdomain.com, 并且设置srm.conf加一行别名定义如下： <br>
Alias /pub /home/ftp/pub/ <br>
<br>
且更改默认应用程序类型定义如下： <br>
DefaultType application/octet-stream <br>
<br>
最后在/etc/httpd/conf/access.conf中增加一项定义 <br>
<br>
Options Indexes <br>
AllowOverride AuthConfig <br>
order allow,deny <br>
allow from all <br>
<br>
注：Options Indexes允许在找不到index.html文件的情况下允许列出目录/文件列表。AllowOverride AuthConfig允许做基本的用户名和口令验证。这样的话，你需要在/home/ftp/pub目录下放入.htaccess，内容如下： <br>
------- <br>
[root@shopu pub]# more .htaccess <br>
AuthName Branch Office Public Software Download Area <br>
AuthType Basic <br>
AuthUserFile /etc/.usrpasswd <br>
require valid-user <br>
------ <br>
然后用#htpasswd -c /etc/.usrpasswd user1 <br>
分别创建不同的允许访问/pub下文件服务的外部用户名和口令。 <br>
<br>
<br>
二. 防火墙上反向代理配置： <br>
加下面的行到/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf <br>
NameVirtualHost 1.2.3.4 <br>
<br>
# 1.2.3.4是防火墙外部网卡的互联网上永久IP地址 <br>
<br>
<br>
servername www.yourdomain.com <br>
errorlog /var/log/httpd/error_log <br>
transferlog /var/log/httpd/access_log <br>
rewriteengine on <br>
proxyrequests off <br>
usecanonicalname off <br>
rewriterule ^/(.*)$ http://192.168.11.2/$1 [P,L] <br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
servername download.yourdomain.com <br>
errorlog /var/log/httpd/download/error_log <br>
transferlog /var/log/httpd/download/access_log <br>
rewriteengine on <br>
proxyrequests off <br>
usecanonicalname off <br>
rewriterule ^/(.*)$ http://192.168.11.2/$1 [P,L] <br>
<br>
<br>
注：设置防火墙上的DNS，让download.yourdomain.com和www.yourdomain.com都指向防火墙的外部网卡地址。用www.yourdomain.com防问你的公司主页， 用http://download.yourdomain.com/pub/访问你的公共文件下载区。 <br>
<br>
<br>
你需要在内部网段的apache主机上建立目录/var/log/httpd/download/目录，否则会出错。另外，你也可以设置防火墙主机上的/home/httpd/html/index.html的属性为750阻止访问，万一外部用户能访问到防火墙上的Apache主页的话。<br>
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