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<p><FONT class=normalfont><B><font color=blue>Linux下Grub开机管理程式安装简介</font></B></FONT><BR><FONT class=smallfont color=#ff9900>2004-04-23 15:18 pm</FONT><BR><FONT class=normalfont>作者：Irving Ou<br>来自：Linux知识宝库<br>联系方式：无名<br><br>一.简介: <br>
<br>
Linux向使用LILO作为多重开机管理程式，它可以启动任何安装在PC上的作业系统，例如DOS、 Windows95,98,2000,OS/2等。设定LILO最常用的方式分别为:把LILO安装在硬碟上的MBR或将其安装在含有/boot目录的分割区的boot sector上。 <br>
GRUB不像LILO在开机时并无法读取超过1024磁柱的资讯,可不受1024磁柱的限制,尤以日前硬碟价格抖落容量动辄2,30G为市场主流,GRUB实为一相当不错多重开机管理程式的选择。亦不若LILO需占kernel的实体位置,是以每次更新kernel或更改.config档时无需更动GRUB。 <br>
<br>
<br>
二.GRUB特色: <br>
<br>
(1)支援多重可执行格式 <br>
(2)支援不具多重启动功能的作业系统 <br>
(3)可载入多重模组支援 <br>
(4)支援可读的设定档 <br>
(5)提供选单介面 <br>
(6)具弹性的命令列介面 <br>
(7)支援多重档案系统型态 <br>
(8)支援自动解压缩功能 <br>
(9)可在任何已安装的设备存取资料 <br>
(10)独立的几何位置转换(例如C.H.S) <br>
(11)可侦测已安装的记忆体 <br>
(12)支援LBA模式 <br>
(13)具可从网路下载image档功能 <br>
(14)支援无磁碟系统 <br>
(15)支援远端终端机 <br>
<br>
<br>
三.参考网站及文件:最新版本为0.5.96.1,其下载站台及相关文件和FAQ's如: <br>
<br>
下载站台:ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/grub/ <br>
<br>
下载文件和FAQ's:http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/ <br>
<br>
GRUB站台:http://www.gnu.org/directory/grub.html <br>
<br>
GRUB需要GCC和GNU binutils 2.9.1.0.23之後的版本,可从ftp://ftp.varesearch.com/pub/support/hjl/binutils/下载先行安装之 <br>
<br>
<br>
四.GRUB安装方式: <br>
<br>
(1)tar zxvf grub-0.5.96.1.tar.gz <br>
<br>
(2)cd grub-0.5.96.1 <br>
<br>
(3)./configure <br>
<br>
(4)make <br>
<br>
(5)make check <br>
<br>
(6)make install <br>
<br>
(7)cp r /usr/local/share/grub/i386-pc/ /boot/grub/ <br>
<br>
(8)vi /boot/menu.lst (内容参考grub-0.5.96.1/docs/menu.lst)例参考如: <br>
# <br>
# /boot/grub/menu.lst - generated by Lizard <br>
# <br>
# options <br>
timeout = 5 <br>
splashscreen = (hd0,0)/boot/message.col24 <br>
<br>
default = 0 <br>
<br>
title = Caldera OpenLinux eServer 2.3 <br>
root = (hd0,0) <br>
kernel = /boot/vmlinuz-pc97-2.2.14-modular vga=274 noapic nosmp debug=2 root=/dev/hda1 <br>
<br>
(9)开一个terminal下grub command <br>
<br>
grub <br>
grub > root (hd0,0) <br>
grub > find /boot/grub/stage1 <br>
grub > setup (hd0) <br>
grub > quit <br>
<br>
(10)reboot後可按下英文字母e 进入Grub画面加以编辑, 按下英文字母c进入command line;可输入command,例如grub > root (hd0,0) vga=274 noapic nosmp;按Esc回到Grub画面, 按下英文字母b可启动进入Linux。 <br>
<br>
<br>
五.其它注意事项 <br>
<br>
Caldera Distribution可直接从其安装片中之grub-0.5.94-5.rpm迳行安装;再建立/boot/grub目录下的相关档案及memu.lst档案之内容；或者从其原始码grub-0.5.94-5.src.rpm作rpm档如:(作法其他版本供参) <br>
<br>
(1)rpm ivh grub-0.5.94-5.src.rpm <br>
<br>
(2)检查在/usr/src/OpenLinux/SOURCES/目录下有无grub-0.5.94-initrd1G.patch、grub-0.5.94-nomeminfo.patch、grub- 0.5.94-splash.patch及grub-0.5.94.tar.gz四个档案；并将上述渠等档案与/usr/src/OpenLinux/SPECS/目录下之grub.spec档案比对编辑之。 <br>
<br>
(3)在/usr/src/OpenLinux/SPECS/目录下执行 <br>
rpm ba grub.spec <br>
<br>
(4)检视/usr/src/OpenLinux/SRPMS/有无grub-0.5.94-5.src.rpm档案；另/usr/src/OpenLinux/RPMS/有无grub-0.5.94-5.rpm档案供安装。 <br>
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