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<p><FONT class=normalfont><B><font color=blue>Telnet and FTP的其他常见用法</font></B></FONT><BR><FONT class=smallfont color=#ff9900>2004-04-23 15:18 pm</FONT><BR><FONT class=normalfont>作者：吴阿亭<br>来自：Linux知识宝库<br>联系方式：无名<br><br>软件环境: Redhat Linux<br>
一. 如何限制某个用户从某几台主机登录?<br>
<br>
1.加下面一行到/etc/pam.d/login<br>
account required /lib/security/pam_access.so<br>
2.编辑文件 /etc/security/access.conf,加下面的行(你需要在<br>
/etc/hosts文件中对jephe,sh3有对应的IP地址)<br>
-:jephe:ALL EXCEPT jephe sh3 tty4 tty5 tty6<br>
-:root:tty1 tty2 tty3<br>
注:第一行限制帐号jephe仅能从jephe,sh3,和4,5,6三个控制台终端登录.<br>
第二行仅允许root帐号从4,5,6三个控制台终端登录.<br>
<br>
你可以联合/etc/hosts.allow,/etc/hosts.deny一起控制,但<br>
hosts.allow和hosts.deny仅针对主机进行限制,而上面的方法<br>
可以对主机和用户同时限制.<br>
二. 如何限制某个用户的最大登录数目?<br>
1. 同样加下面的行到/etc/pam.d/login<br>
account required /lib/security/pam_access.so<br>
2. 加下面的行到/etc/security/limits.conf<br>
@jephe hard maxlogins 5<br>
@user1 hard maxlogins 1<br>
注: 两行分别限制用户jephe和user1的最大登录终端数目为5个和1个.<br>
三. 如何创造一个仅仅能做 FTP 的帐号?<br>
1. 用 useradd 新增一个用户帐号 user1<br>
2. 用vipw命令改user1的登录shell为/dev/null<br>
user1:x:507:508::/home/user1:/dev/null<br>
3. 加 /dev/null到 /etc/shells 即可.<br>
四. 如何设置在ftp到另一台Linux服务器时勿需每次输入口令?<br>
<br>
假设两台服务器名分别为sh3 和 shopu,且有同样的用户名jephe,<br>
我希望每次用jephe从sh3向shopu做FTP操作时不想输入口令.<br>
则在/home/jephe目录下创建一文件.netrc,并设置属性chmod 600 .netrc<br>
[jephe@sh3 jephe]$ pwd<br>
/home/jephe<br>
[jephe@sh3 jephe]$ more .netrc<br>
machine shopu login jephe password yourpasswd<br>
default login jephe password yourpasswd<br>
[jephe@sh3 jephe]$ ls -l .netrc<br>
-rw------- 1 jephe jephe 82 Aug 11 10:46 .netrc<br>
注: 1.你必须设置权限位chmod 600 .netrc<br>
2.default一行必须在最后.<br>
五. 如何自动化FTP工作?<br>
在/home/jephe下创建一个script,详细写上一条条ftp命令如test象下面这样:<br>
[jephe@sh3 jephe]$ more test<br>
open shopu<br>
user jephe yourpasswd<br>
binary<br>
cd /home/ftp/pub/tools/3c509b<br>
get 3c5x9cfg.exe<br>
bye<br>
然后,用<br>
[jephe@sh3 jephe]$ ftp -vin < test<br>
Connected to shopu.yourdomain.com.<br>
230 User jephe logged in.<br>
200 Type set to I.<br>
250 CWD command successful.<br>
local: 3c5x9cfg.exe remote: 3c5x9cfg.exe<br>
200 PORT command successful.<br>
150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for 3c5x9cfg.exe (233851 bytes).<br>
226 Transfer complete.<br>
233851 bytes received in 0.0225 secs (1e+04 Kbytes/sec)<br>
221-You have transferred 233851 bytes in 1 files.<br>
221-Total traffic for this session was 234585 bytes in 1 transfers.<br>
221-Thank you for using the FTP service on shopu.yourdomain.com<br>
221 Goodbye.<br>
注: -v ----- 显示chat过程<br>
-i ----- 关闭交互模式<br>
-n ----- 关闭自动登录过程<br>
六. 如何允许root可直接从远程机器登录?( 非常不安全 )<br>
加ttyp0, ttyp1,ttyp2 等到/etc/securetty
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