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<br>
Use slist to check that you can see your Novell server. <br>
Type pqlist -S D74_SERVER -U USER01 to list the print queues on D74_SERVER. <br>
Type nprint -S D74_SERVER -U USER01 -q DMPQUEUE/etc/passwd. This would print the /etc/passwd <br>
file to the DMPQUEUE print queue on the D74_SERVER by logging in as USER01. If you have created <br>
your .nwclient file, then you can use nprint -q DMPQUEUE /etc/passwd instead. The server and <br>
login ID are taken from the .nwclient file. Ensure that the queue names are in capitals. <br>
Check your Novell print queue from a DOS client using PCONSOLE. You should see a printjob <br>
called No Description in the DMPQUEUE. <br>
Printing using nprint is tedious-first it requires you to print to a file and then submit <br>
using nprint. You can automate this by setting up a Linux print queue, which automatically <br>
sends it to the NetWare print queue. The following steps are a bit confusing and reading <br>
about Unix printing in the Printing HOW-TO would be beneficial. <br>
<br>
The following steps tell you how to configure a NetWare print queue for Red Hat Linux. <br>
<br>
Copy Netwareprint.tgz from the CD-ROM to the /tmp directory. <br>
cd /;tar xzvf /tmp/netwareprint.tgz. This will replace /usr/bin/printtool, <br>
/usr/lib/rhs/rhs-printfilters/master-filter, and /usr/lib/rhs/rhs-printfilters/nwprint, <br>
with the latest versions. <br>
If you aren't already in X Windows, start by typing startx. <br>
If the graphical control panel is not visible, start it by typing control-panel & in an XTerm. <br>
Click the printer icon in the control panel. You should see a list of printers currently <br>
configured for Linux. <br>
Click Add. A dialog box with various supported print queues appears. Select Novell <br>
Netware print queue. <br>
In Printer name, enter nwqueue. <br>
Enter D74_SERVER and DMPQUEUE for the NetWare server and print queue. Ensure that the queue <br>
names are in capitals. <br>
Enter the user name and password if needed. If you have a password, you must enter it here <br>
because it will not prompt you for a password during printing. <br>
In the filter type, select the appropriate printer type. If your laser printer supports <br>
postscript printing, please use Postscript printer. <br>
Click OK and you'll see a new printer called nwqueue in the list of printers. <br>
Select nwqueue from the list and click Test Print from the menu. Use a DOS client with <br>
PCONSOLE to check the DMPQUEUE. You should see a new print job in the queue. In case it <br>
doesn't work, try mounting a volume from the server D74_SERVER (on which the print queue resides). <br>
Now your printing should be set-up. To print /etc <br>
/passwd, type lpr -Pnwqueue /etc/passwd at your prompt. <br>
To print from Netscape, use the command lpr -Pnwqueue to print. Alternatively, you <br>
could always print to a file and use nprint to print it manually. <br>
Utility commands <br>
<br>
Recent versions of Volker's ncpfs package include a range of user and administration <br>
commands. The tools are built and installed as part of the ncpfs installation process. <br>
Though each has a detailed manual page, here is a summary of each from the IPX-HOWTO. <br>
<br>
ncopy (Network Copy): Allows efficient file copying using a NetWare function rather <br>
than a copy across the network. <br>
nsend (Network Send): Allows you to send messages to other users on a NetWare server. <br>
nwbols (List Bindery Objects): Allows you to list the bindery contents of a NetWare server. <br>
nwboprops (List Properties of a Bindery Object): Allows you to view the properties of a <br>
NetWare bindery object. <br>
nwfsinfo (Fileserver Information): Prints summary information about NetWare server. <br>
nwpasswd (NetWare Password): Allows you to change NetWare users password. <br>
nwrights (NetWare Rights): Displays the rights associated with a particular file or directory. <br>
nwuserlist (Userlist): Lists the users currently logged into a NetWare fileserver. <br>
pqlist (Print Queue List): Displays the contents of a NetWare print queue. <br>
slist (Server List): Displays a list of known NetWare fileservers. <br>
<br>
NDS and Linux <br>
<br>
A Linux distribution by Caldera features a range of commercially supported enhancements <br>
including fully functional Novell NetWare client support. The base distribution is the <br>
well-respected Red Hat Linux. Caldera has added its Network Desktop products to it. The <br>
NetWare support provides a fully featured Novell NetWare client built on a technology <br>
licensed from Novell. The client provides full-client access to Novell 3.x and 4.x <br>
fileservers, and includes features such as NetWare Directory Service (NDS) and RSA <br>
encryption. If you work within a NetWare 4.x or NDS environment, then the Caldera <br>
NetWare Client is the only solution available. You can obtain much more information <br>
and ordering details from the Caldera Web server at www.caldera.com/. <br>
<br>
Useful documents <br>
<br>
To get more information on IPX and NetWare support, read the IPX-HOWTO. This document <br>
presumes that you understand how to build a Linux kernel with the appropriate networking <br>
options selected, and that you know how to use the basic networking tools such as <br>
ifconfig and route. If you do not, read the NET-3-HOWTO (NET-3-HOWTO.html). Some other <br>
Linux HOWTO documents that might be useful are: The Ethernet-HOWTO (Ethernet-HOWTO.html), <br>
which describes the details of configuring an Ethernet device for Linux; the PPP-HOWTO <br>
(PPP-HOWTO.html), which explains the available IPX support for version 2.2.0d and later <br>
of the Linux PPP implementation. <br>
<br>
Latest versions of these files can be obtained from sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/IPX-HOWTO. <br>
In your Linux box, the HOW-TOs are located in the /usr/doc/HOWTO directory in a compressed <br>
format. To view these files, type zless IPX-HOWTO.gz. <br>
<br>
Divya Mahajan <br>
<br>
五. 利用 Raid 1功能进行镜像备份。 <br>
把有重要数据的单独分区进行raid 1 镜像,用两个硬盘,对数据分区给以同样大小的柱面数和大小 <br>
附:在RedHat 6.0里设置RAID (http://www.tt.tzptt.zj.cn/linux/useskill/raid.htm) <br>
《Linux 公报》……让Linux更富魅力! <br>
<br>
目录: <br>
资源 <br>
RAID介绍 <br>
设置RAID条带(RAID Strip) <br>
设置RAID镜象 <br>
使用一个空闲的设备设置RAID 5 <br>
注解 <br>
你可以在这个地址 http://www.tcu-inc.com/mark/articles/Raid.html找到本文的最新版本。 <br>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br>
<br>
资源 <br>
http://ostenfeld.dk/~jakob/Software-RAID.HOWTO/ <br>
/usr/doc/raidtools-0.90 <br>
这些文章介绍了硬件细节,这部份内容在本文中不会涉及。 <br>
这是DPT HOWTO的地址, http://www.ram.org/computing/linux/dpt_raid.html <br>
<br>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br>
<br>
RAID介绍 <br>
我建议你读一读jakob@ostenfeld.dk写的软件RAID HOWTO。很明显,他是个丹麦人。丹麦是 <br>
一个住着许多聪明人的世界上最好的国家。他的这篇HOWTO写得非常好,也许我根本就没有 <br>
必要写这篇文章。我之所以写这篇文章是因为文档一般来说都写得不大容易懂,当然现在情况 <br>
已有很大的改观。本文中介绍的安装是在RedHat 6.0上进行的,我认为在其他的Linux版本中 <br>
应该也能用。我什么时候会转去用Debian呢?我希望能尽快。 <br>
什么是RAID?简单的说,它可以让你在几个硬盘上做些有趣的事。它可以让你把几个硬盘合并 <br>
起来,把数据分散地存放在这几个硬盘中。它可以提高往硬盘读写数据的速度,也可以在硬盘 <br>
上备份数据。这样即使你有一个硬盘坏了,你还可以从其他的硬盘中恢复所有的数据。你可以 <br>
读读软件RAID HOWTO中有关RAID级别的部份来更好的了解不同类型的软件RAID。 <br>
<br>
为了试验本文中的例子,你需要设置一些小的分区。我建议你设置一个1G的扩展分区,然后在 <br>
这个扩展分区上建一些100兆的逻辑分区。请千万要记住,你只能在一个无关紧要的硬盘上进行 <br>
试验。如果你毁了这个硬盘上的数据,那是你自己的错。即使我的文章中写得不对,你也必需 <br>
对自己的所作所为负责。 <br>
<br>
<br>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br>
<br>
RAID条带(strip RAID) <br>
我只准备介绍如何设置RAID条带来存放数据。也就是说,我不会把操作系统的主要部份放在RAID <br>
条带上。用RAID条带来存放整个系统会带来一些问题,所以我不准备这么做。 <br>
简单的说,在Linux系统上设置RAID条带需要四个步骤。条带把数据存放在两个或更多的硬盘 <br>
(实际上是分区)上,这些数据有一半是在一个硬盘上,另一半在另一个硬盘上。这样可以提高 <br>
硬盘读写的速度,因为数据是从两个硬盘上同时读出来的。再说一次,你可以在HOWTO读到更 <br>
详细的内容。 <br>
<br>
首先,我们要配置/dev/md0,然后我们要格式化这些分区,接下来要配置/etc/rc.d/rc.local <br>
来激活RAID,最后要配置/etc/rc.d/rc.local来把这些设备安装到某个目录。 <br>
<br>
具体步骤 <br>
<br>
现在,我要使用一些小窍门。我认为大多数的低端用户并没有两个硬盘,所以我要使用同一个 <br>
硬盘上的两个分区而不是两个硬盘。建立一个有两个逻辑分区的扩展分区。这两个分区, <br>
/dev/hda5和/dev/hda6,的大小必需一样。在同一个硬盘上的两个分区之间进行RAID条带是 <br>
没有任何意义的,即使是在同一个IDE控制器的不同硬盘上这么做也是没有意义的。请记住, <br>
这只不过是个练习。 <br>
<br>
在 /etc/raidtab中这么写: <br>
raiddev /dev/md0 <br>
<br>
raid-level 0 <br>
<br>
nr-raid-disks 2 <br>
<br>
nr-spare-disks 0 <br>
<br>
chunk-size 4 <br>
<br>
persistent-superblock 1 <br>
<br>
device /dev/hda5 <br>
<br>
raid-disk 0 <br>
<br>
device /dev/hda6 <br>
<br>
raid-disk 1 <br>
<br>
使用以下命令格式化分区 <br>
mkraid /dev/md0 <br>
<br>
如果你在用"mkraid"命令时出了些问题,它应该会给出如何解决问题的提示。然后执行如下命令: <br>
mkfs -t ext2 /dev/md0 <br>
<br>
接着,你可以在"/proc/mdstat"文件中查raid的状态。 <br>
cat /proc/mdstat <br>
<br>
执行以下命令会在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中增加一行 <br>
echo "raidstart /dev/md0" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local <br>
<br>
把这个命令执行一次。这可以为RAID设备建好目录并在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中增加一条命令。 <br>
mkdir /RAID <br>
<br>
echo "mount /dev/md0 /RAID" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local <br>
<br>
如果你不想重启动计算机,你现在就可以激活RAID, <br>
raidstart /dev/md0 <br>
<br>
mount /dev/md0 /RAID <br>
<br>
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