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<p><FONT class=normalfont><B><font color=blue>Linux和Windows共享交换区</font></B></FONT><BR><FONT class=smallfont color=#ff9900>2004-04-23 15:18 pm</FONT><BR><FONT class=normalfont>作者：马军<br>来自：Linux知识宝库<br>联系方式：无名<br><br> 1. 前言 <br>
现在,越来越多的人在一台使用Linux 和 Windows. 这应该说是Linux的胜利. 我们知 <br>
道, Linux 要使用交换分区， <br>
Windows 要使用交换文件。如果一台PIII, 有192M 内存，我们分配给Linux 192M 交换 <br>
区， Windows 2000 至少要 <br>
200M. 那么，我们要用近400M硬盘空间。如果交换区更大，浪费就更可观了。 <br>
由于两个系统的交换区都只是运行时的临时数据,所以,我们采用动态修改分区信息的方法 <br>
来达到共享目的. <br>
<br>
2. 方法简介 <br>
1). 备份Windows 分区信息。 <br>
2). 当启动Linux时， 将该分区做成Linux 交换区，并将其激活。 <br>
3） 当Linux 关闭时，将该分区重新变成Windows 交换区。 <br>
<br>
3. 具体步骤 <br>
1). 分区 <br>
Fdisk, 只分主分区, 不分扩展分区 <br>
2). 安装 Windows. <br>
3). 安装Linux (占一个主分区) <br>
4). 在Linux 下, 分扩展分区) <br>
5). 设定Linux交换区(假定/dev/hda10) <br>
6). 建立winswap 设备 <br>
ln -s /dev/hda10 /dev/winswap <br>
7). 启动Linux, 关闭交换区 <br>
# swapoff -a <br>
8). 从文件安装表中删除该分区 <br>
vi /etc/fstab <br>
注释掉该行 (/dev/hda10) <br>
9). 将该分区该成 FAT16 或其他 DOS 分区. <br>
10). 启动 Windows <br>
a). 格式化该分区 <br>
b). 将系统的交换文件设在该分区. <br>
11). 启动 Linux, 计算Total Special Sectors <br>
公式: <br>
T = r + (s * f) + (d / 16) <br>
参数: <br>
Reserved Sectors at beginning : r <br>
FAT Copies : f <br>
Sectors per FAT : s <br>
Root directory entries : d <br>
参见: msinfo.sh <br>
注解: 可以运行 msinfo.sh 来获得. <br>
# msinfo.sh /dev/hda10 <br>
<br>
12). 备份Windows 分区信息 <br>
# dd if=/dev/winswap bs=512 count=XXX | gzip -9 > /etc/winswap.gz <br>
这里, XXX = T <br>
14). 编写启动, 退出脚本, 并把它们放在 /etc/rc.d/xxx. <br>
可用 grep -nr * | grep swapon (或 swapoff) 来找系统激活和关闭交换区, 将它们 <br>
替换称我们 <br>
的脚本) <br>
我们在附录中提供了启动和关闭的脚本. <br>
4. 附加说明 <br>
1. 本文使用的是FAT16, 如果使用NTFS 或其它, 必须修改脚本. <br>
2. mkswap /dev/winswap 377496 (这个值需要修改, 依照你的分区大小) <br>
<br>
5. 参考资料: <br>
Linux HOWTO: Swap-space <br>
<br>
6. 附录 -- 相应的脚本 <br>
1. msinfo.sh 脚本 <br>
#!/bin/sh <br>
# <br>
# msinfo.sh This shell script displays the boot sector of the <br>
# given partition. <br>
# <br>
# Author: Rahul U. Joshi <br>
# <br>
# Modifications Removed the use of expr and replaced it by the let <br>
# command. <br>
<br>
<br>
# check for command line arguments <br>
if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then <br>
echo "Usage: msinfo " <br>
exit 1 <br>
fi <br>
<br>
# check whether the input name is a block device <br>
if [ ! -b $1 ]; then <br>
echo "msinfo: $1 is not a block device" <br>
exit 1 <br>
fi <br>
<br>
# create two temporary files for use <br>
TMPFILE=`mktemp -q /tmp/$0.XXXXXX` <br>
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then <br>
echo "msinfo: Can't create temp file, exiting..." <br>
exit 1 <br>
fi <br>
<br>
TXTFILE=`mktemp -q /tmp/$0.XXXXXX` <br>
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then <br>
echo "msinfo: Can't create temp file, exiting..." <br>
rm -f $TMPFILE <br>
exit 1 <br>
fi <br>
<br>
back_title="`printf "%78s" "msinfo, Information about FAT16 filesystem -- <br>
Rahul <br>
Joshi"`" <br>
<br>
dialog --title "Boot sector of $1" --backtitle "$back_title" --infobox <br>
"Analysing boot sector for $1Please wait ..." 14 60 <br>
<br>
# truncate TXTFILE to zero length <br>
echo > $TXTFILE <br>
<br>
# get Formatting DOS version <br>
dd 2>/dev/null if=$1 bs=1 count=8 skip=3 | dd 2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE <br>
printf >>$TXTFILE "%30s : %s" "Formatting DOS version" "`cat $TMPFILE`" <br>
<br>
<br>
# get file system <br>
dd 2>/dev/null if=$1 bs=1 count=8 skip=54 | dd 2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE <br>
printf >>$TXTFILE "%30s : %s" "Filesystem" "`cat $TMPFILE`" <br>
<br>
# check if filesystem in a FAT16 <br>
if [ "`cat $TMPFILE`" != "FAT16 " ]; then <br>
dialog --title "Boot sector of $1" --backtitle "$back_title" --infobox <br>
"Can't find a FAT16 filesystem on $1" 14 60 <br>
exit 2 <br>
fi <br>
<br>
# get volume label in boot sector <br>
dd 2>/dev/null if=$1 bs=1 count=11 skip=43 | dd 2>/dev/null of=$TMPFILE <br>
printf >>$TXTFILE "%30s : %s" "Volume label in boot sector" "`cat <br>
$TMPFILE`" <br>
<br>
# get Sector size <br>
dd 2>/dev/null if=$1 bs=1 count=2 skip=11| od -An -tdS | dd 2>/dev/null <br>
of=$TMPFILE <br>
printf >>$TXTFILE "%30s : %d" "Sector size" `cat $TMPFILE` <br>
sector_size=`cat $TMPFILE` <br>
<br>
<br>
# get Reserved sectors <br>
dd 2>/dev/null if=$1 bs=1 count=2 skip=14| od -An -tdS | dd 2>/dev/null <br>
of=$TMPFILE <br>
printf >>$TXTFILE "%30s : %d" " Reserved sectors" `cat $TMPFILE` <br>
reserved_sectors=`cat $TMPFILE` <br>
<br>
<br>
# get FAT sectors <br>
dd 2>/dev/null if=$1 bs=1 count=1 skip=16| od -An -tdS | dd 2>/dev/null <br>
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