navigating_registry.shtml

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   <TITLE>Miscellaneous - Navigating the Windows Registry in C++</TITLE>
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<CENTER><H3><FONT COLOR="#AOAO99">
Navigating the Windows Registry in C++
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This article was contributed by <A HREF="mailto:djolic@netinfo.ubc.ca">Sasha Djolich</A>.

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<p>Displays a dialog with an edit box. Position of the dialog and
the text in the edit box are stored in the registry.

<h4>CRegistry</h4>

<p>A bit on terminology first. While Microsoft refers to the registry as being essentially a
tree of keys where each key contains a number of values, I find this a bit confusing and prefer
to think of the registry as consisting of sections rather than keys. Every section has a number
of key-value pairs. This sets the background for explaining what makes the CRegistry class I 
wrote different from the ones already on Code Guru. Three items immediately stand out, namely
navigation, iteration, and access.

<h5>Navigation</h5>
<p>The class provides a handy way of accessing data in three most commonly used areas of the 
registry. These are the defaults for all users and the overriden settings for the currently 
logged on one as well as the properties for the local machine (the one on which the program is
currently executing). By passing one of modeCurrentUserPrefs, modeDefUserPrefs, and modeLocalMachineProps
to the constructor of CRegistry (together with you application's name) you will effectively be
instructing a newly created instance of the class to operate in an appropriate part of the
registry. For modeCurrentUserPrefs the section taken to be the current one is
"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\YourAppName". Navigating back and forth is achieved through a stack-like
interface -- Descend(const char* Section) and Ascend(). This is useful for ensuring that each
part of an application stores its settings in a private portion of the registry. You would
typically create a single instance of CRegistry for the whole app and then instruct each high level
app object to serialize into the current section. These objects would then Descend() into areas of their
own, access settings, instruct their children to do the same, and then Ascend() back to their 
parents' sections.

<p>It is possible to query for an existance of a key or a subsection within the current section by
using KeyExists(const char* Key) and SectionExists(const char* Section) methods. Note that
Descend(const char* Section) will create the desired section if one does not already exist.

<h5>Iteration</h5>
<p>Enumerating subsections and keys in the current section is possible through the use of
GetFirst...() and GetNext...() methods. These are similar to GetHeadPosition() and GetNext()
methods in the MFC's CObList class.

<h5>Access</h5>
<p>Accessing the keys and their values is done through Store(..) and Restore(..) methods.
All of the basic types (signed/unsigned, char, short, int, long, float, double) plus CString
are supported. These are almost identical to the types supported by MFC's CArchive class.
If you can serialize to a CArchive you can store the same information in a similar manner in
a CRegistry.

<p>The following are the important parts of the CRegistry header:

<FONT COLOR="#990000"><TT><PRE>
class CRegistry
{
public:
	enum
	{
		modeCurrentUserPrefs = 0,
		modeDefUserPrefs,
		modeLocalMachineProps,
		
		accessRead  = 0x1,
		accessWrite = 0x2,
	};

// Construction/Destruction
public:
	CRegistry(const char* ApplicationName, int Mode = modeCurrentUserPrefs, int Access = accessRead | accessWrite);
	CRegistry(HKEY Area, const char* RootSection, int Access = accessRead | accessWrite);
	~CRegistry();
	
// Attributes
public:
	void SetRootSection(const char* ApplicationName, int Mode = modeCurrentUserPrefs);
	void SetRootSection(HKEY Area, const char* RootSection);

	void SetAccess(int Access = accessRead | accessWrite);

// Iteration
public:
	POSITION	GetFirstKeyPos();
	CString		GetNextKey(POSITION& Pos);

	POSITION	GetFirstSectionPos();
	CString		GetNextSection(POSITION& Pos);

// Operations
public:
	void Descend(const char* Section);
	void Ascend();

	bool KeyExists(const char* Key);
	bool SectionExists(const char* Section);

	void Store(const char* Key, signed char Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, unsigned char Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, signed short Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, unsigned short Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, signed int Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, unsigned int Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, signed long Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, unsigned long Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, float Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, double Value);
	void Store(const char* Key, const CString& Value);

	void Restore(const char* Key, signed char& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, unsigned char& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, signed short& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, unsigned short& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, signed int& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, unsigned int& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, signed long& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, unsigned long& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, float& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, double& Value);
	void Restore(const char* Key, CString& Value);

private:
	...
};
</tt></PRE></FONT>

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<p>Date Posted: 09 June 1998</p>



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