clauses.c

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * clauses.c
 *	  routines to manipulate qualification clauses
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *	  $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/util/clauses.c,v 1.154.2.2 2004/01/28 00:05:25 tgl Exp $
 *
 * HISTORY
 *	  AUTHOR			DATE			MAJOR EVENT
 *	  Andrew Yu			Nov 3, 1994		clause.c and clauses.c combined
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include "postgres.h"

#include "catalog/pg_language.h"
#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
#include "executor/executor.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
#include "optimizer/clauses.h"
#include "optimizer/cost.h"
#include "optimizer/planmain.h"
#include "optimizer/var.h"
#include "parser/analyze.h"
#include "parser/parse_clause.h"
#include "parser/parse_expr.h"
#include "tcop/tcopprot.h"
#include "utils/acl.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/datum.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"


/* note that pg_type.h hardwires size of bool as 1 ... duplicate it */
#define MAKEBOOLCONST(val,isnull) \
	((Node *) makeConst(BOOLOID, 1, (Datum) (val), (isnull), true))

typedef struct
{
	int			nargs;
	List	   *args;
	int		   *usecounts;
} substitute_actual_parameters_context;

static bool contain_agg_clause_walker(Node *node, void *context);
static bool contain_distinct_agg_clause_walker(Node *node, void *context);
static bool count_agg_clause_walker(Node *node, int *count);
static bool expression_returns_set_walker(Node *node, void *context);
static bool contain_subplans_walker(Node *node, void *context);
static bool contain_mutable_functions_walker(Node *node, void *context);
static bool contain_volatile_functions_walker(Node *node, void *context);
static bool contain_nonstrict_functions_walker(Node *node, void *context);
static Node *eval_const_expressions_mutator(Node *node, List *active_fns);
static Expr *simplify_function(Oid funcid, Oid result_type, List *args,
				  bool allow_inline, List *active_fns);
static Expr *evaluate_function(Oid funcid, Oid result_type, List *args,
				  HeapTuple func_tuple);
static Expr *inline_function(Oid funcid, Oid result_type, List *args,
				HeapTuple func_tuple, List *active_fns);
static Node *substitute_actual_parameters(Node *expr, int nargs, List *args,
							 int *usecounts);
static Node *substitute_actual_parameters_mutator(Node *node,
						  substitute_actual_parameters_context *context);
static void sql_inline_error_callback(void *arg);
static Expr *evaluate_expr(Expr *expr, Oid result_type);


/*****************************************************************************
 *		OPERATOR clause functions
 *****************************************************************************/

/*
 * make_opclause
 *	  Creates an operator clause given its operator info, left operand,
 *	  and right operand (pass NULL to create single-operand clause).
 */
Expr *
make_opclause(Oid opno, Oid opresulttype, bool opretset,
			  Expr *leftop, Expr *rightop)
{
	OpExpr	   *expr = makeNode(OpExpr);

	expr->opno = opno;
	expr->opfuncid = InvalidOid;
	expr->opresulttype = opresulttype;
	expr->opretset = opretset;
	if (rightop)
		expr->args = makeList2(leftop, rightop);
	else
		expr->args = makeList1(leftop);
	return (Expr *) expr;
}

/*
 * get_leftop
 *
 * Returns the left operand of a clause of the form (op expr expr)
 *		or (op expr)
 */
Node *
get_leftop(Expr *clause)
{
	OpExpr	   *expr = (OpExpr *) clause;

	if (expr->args != NIL)
		return lfirst(expr->args);
	else
		return NULL;
}

/*
 * get_rightop
 *
 * Returns the right operand in a clause of the form (op expr expr).
 * NB: result will be NULL if applied to a unary op clause.
 */
Node *
get_rightop(Expr *clause)
{
	OpExpr	   *expr = (OpExpr *) clause;

	if (expr->args != NIL && lnext(expr->args) != NIL)
		return lfirst(lnext(expr->args));
	else
		return NULL;
}

/*****************************************************************************
 *		NOT clause functions
 *****************************************************************************/

/*
 * not_clause
 *
 * Returns t iff this is a 'not' clause: (NOT expr).
 */
bool
not_clause(Node *clause)
{
	return (clause != NULL &&
			IsA(clause, BoolExpr) &&
			((BoolExpr *) clause)->boolop == NOT_EXPR);
}

/*
 * make_notclause
 *
 * Create a 'not' clause given the expression to be negated.
 */
Expr *
make_notclause(Expr *notclause)
{
	BoolExpr   *expr = makeNode(BoolExpr);

	expr->boolop = NOT_EXPR;
	expr->args = makeList1(notclause);
	return (Expr *) expr;
}

/*
 * get_notclausearg
 *
 * Retrieve the clause within a 'not' clause
 */
Expr *
get_notclausearg(Expr *notclause)
{
	return lfirst(((BoolExpr *) notclause)->args);
}

/*****************************************************************************
 *		OR clause functions
 *****************************************************************************/

/*
 * or_clause
 *
 * Returns t iff the clause is an 'or' clause: (OR { expr }).
 */
bool
or_clause(Node *clause)
{
	return (clause != NULL &&
			IsA(clause, BoolExpr) &&
			((BoolExpr *) clause)->boolop == OR_EXPR);
}

/*
 * make_orclause
 *
 * Creates an 'or' clause given a list of its subclauses.
 */
Expr *
make_orclause(List *orclauses)
{
	BoolExpr   *expr = makeNode(BoolExpr);

	expr->boolop = OR_EXPR;
	expr->args = orclauses;
	return (Expr *) expr;
}

/*****************************************************************************
 *		AND clause functions
 *****************************************************************************/


/*
 * and_clause
 *
 * Returns t iff its argument is an 'and' clause: (AND { expr }).
 */
bool
and_clause(Node *clause)
{
	return (clause != NULL &&
			IsA(clause, BoolExpr) &&
			((BoolExpr *) clause)->boolop == AND_EXPR);
}

/*
 * make_andclause
 *
 * Creates an 'and' clause given a list of its subclauses.
 */
Expr *
make_andclause(List *andclauses)
{
	BoolExpr   *expr = makeNode(BoolExpr);

	expr->boolop = AND_EXPR;
	expr->args = andclauses;
	return (Expr *) expr;
}

/*
 * make_and_qual
 *
 * Variant of make_andclause for ANDing two qual conditions together.
 * Qual conditions have the property that a NULL nodetree is interpreted
 * as 'true'.
 */
Node *
make_and_qual(Node *qual1, Node *qual2)
{
	if (qual1 == NULL)
		return qual2;
	if (qual2 == NULL)
		return qual1;
	return (Node *) make_andclause(makeList2(qual1, qual2));
}

/*
 * Sometimes (such as in the result of canonicalize_qual or the input of
 * ExecQual), we use lists of expression nodes with implicit AND semantics.
 *
 * These functions convert between an AND-semantics expression list and the
 * ordinary representation of a boolean expression.
 *
 * Note that an empty list is considered equivalent to TRUE.
 */
Expr *
make_ands_explicit(List *andclauses)
{
	if (andclauses == NIL)
		return (Expr *) MAKEBOOLCONST(true, false);
	else if (lnext(andclauses) == NIL)
		return (Expr *) lfirst(andclauses);
	else
		return make_andclause(andclauses);
}

List *
make_ands_implicit(Expr *clause)
{
	/*
	 * NB: because the parser sets the qual field to NULL in a query that
	 * has no WHERE clause, we must consider a NULL input clause as TRUE,
	 * even though one might more reasonably think it FALSE.  Grumble. If
	 * this causes trouble, consider changing the parser's behavior.
	 */
	if (clause == NULL)
		return NIL;				/* NULL -> NIL list == TRUE */
	else if (and_clause((Node *) clause))
		return ((BoolExpr *) clause)->args;
	else if (IsA(clause, Const) &&
			 !((Const *) clause)->constisnull &&
			 DatumGetBool(((Const *) clause)->constvalue))
		return NIL;				/* constant TRUE input -> NIL list */
	else
		return makeList1(clause);
}


/*****************************************************************************
 *		Aggregate-function clause manipulation
 *****************************************************************************/

/*
 * contain_agg_clause
 *	  Recursively search for Aggref nodes within a clause.
 *
 *	  Returns true if any aggregate found.
 *
 * This does not descend into subqueries, and so should be used only after
 * reduction of sublinks to subplans, or in contexts where it's known there
 * are no subqueries.  There mustn't be outer-aggregate references either.
 *
 * (If you want something like this but able to deal with subqueries,
 * see rewriteManip.c's checkExprHasAggs().)
 */
bool
contain_agg_clause(Node *clause)
{
	return contain_agg_clause_walker(clause, NULL);
}

static bool
contain_agg_clause_walker(Node *node, void *context)
{
	if (node == NULL)
		return false;
	if (IsA(node, Aggref))
	{
		Assert(((Aggref *) node)->agglevelsup == 0);
		return true;			/* abort the tree traversal and return
								 * true */
	}
	Assert(!IsA(node, SubLink));
	return expression_tree_walker(node, contain_agg_clause_walker, context);
}

/*
 * contain_distinct_agg_clause
 *	  Recursively search for DISTINCT Aggref nodes within a clause.
 *
 *	  Returns true if any DISTINCT aggregate found.
 *
 * This does not descend into subqueries, and so should be used only after
 * reduction of sublinks to subplans, or in contexts where it's known there
 * are no subqueries.  There mustn't be outer-aggregate references either.
 */
bool
contain_distinct_agg_clause(Node *clause)
{
	return contain_distinct_agg_clause_walker(clause, NULL);
}

static bool
contain_distinct_agg_clause_walker(Node *node, void *context)
{
	if (node == NULL)
		return false;
	if (IsA(node, Aggref))
	{
		Assert(((Aggref *) node)->agglevelsup == 0);
		if (((Aggref *) node)->aggdistinct)
			return true;		/* abort the tree traversal and return
								 * true */
	}
	Assert(!IsA(node, SubLink));
	return expression_tree_walker(node, contain_distinct_agg_clause_walker, context);
}

/*
 * count_agg_clause
 *	  Recursively count the Aggref nodes in an expression tree.
 *
 *	  Note: this also checks for nested aggregates, which are an error.
 *
 * This does not descend into subqueries, and so should be used only after
 * reduction of sublinks to subplans, or in contexts where it's known there
 * are no subqueries.  There mustn't be outer-aggregate references either.
 */
int
count_agg_clause(Node *clause)
{
	int			result = 0;

	count_agg_clause_walker(clause, &result);
	return result;
}

static bool
count_agg_clause_walker(Node *node, int *count)
{
	if (node == NULL)
		return false;
	if (IsA(node, Aggref))
	{
		Assert(((Aggref *) node)->agglevelsup == 0);
		(*count)++;

		/*
		 * Complain if the aggregate's argument contains any aggregates;
		 * nested agg functions are semantically nonsensical.
		 */
		if (contain_agg_clause((Node *) ((Aggref *) node)->target))
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_GROUPING_ERROR),
				  errmsg("aggregate function calls may not be nested")));

		/*
		 * Having checked that, we need not recurse into the argument.
		 */
		return false;
	}
	Assert(!IsA(node, SubLink));
	return expression_tree_walker(node, count_agg_clause_walker,
								  (void *) count);
}


/*****************************************************************************
 *		Support for expressions returning sets
 *****************************************************************************/

/*
 * expression_returns_set
 *	  Test whether an expression returns a set result.
 *
 * Because we use expression_tree_walker(), this can also be applied to
 * whole targetlists; it'll produce TRUE if any one of the tlist items
 * returns a set.
 */
bool
expression_returns_set(Node *clause)
{
	return expression_returns_set_walker(clause, NULL);
}

static bool
expression_returns_set_walker(Node *node, void *context)
{
	if (node == NULL)
		return false;
	if (IsA(node, FuncExpr))
	{
		FuncExpr   *expr = (FuncExpr *) node;

		if (expr->funcretset)
			return true;