indexam.c

PostgreSQL7.4.6 for Linux

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * indexam.c
 *	  general index access method routines
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *	  $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/backend/access/index/indexam.c,v 1.71 2003/09/25 06:57:57 petere Exp $
 *
 * INTERFACE ROUTINES
 *		index_open		- open an index relation by relation OID
 *		index_openrv	- open an index relation specified by a RangeVar
 *		index_openr		- open a system index relation by name
 *		index_close		- close an index relation
 *		index_beginscan - start a scan of an index
 *		index_rescan	- restart a scan of an index
 *		index_endscan	- end a scan
 *		index_insert	- insert an index tuple into a relation
 *		index_markpos	- mark a scan position
 *		index_restrpos	- restore a scan position
 *		index_getnext	- get the next tuple from a scan
 *		index_bulk_delete	- bulk deletion of index tuples
 *		index_vacuum_cleanup	- post-deletion cleanup of an index
 *		index_cost_estimator	- fetch amcostestimate procedure OID
 *		index_getprocid - get a support procedure OID
 *
 * NOTES
 *		This file contains the index_ routines which used
 *		to be a scattered collection of stuff in access/genam.
 *
 *
 * old comments
 *		Scans are implemented as follows:
 *
 *		`0' represents an invalid item pointer.
 *		`-' represents an unknown item pointer.
 *		`X' represents a known item pointers.
 *		`+' represents known or invalid item pointers.
 *		`*' represents any item pointers.
 *
 *		State is represented by a triple of these symbols in the order of
 *		previous, current, next.  Note that the case of reverse scans works
 *		identically.
 *
 *				State	Result
 *		(1)		+ + -	+ 0 0			(if the next item pointer is invalid)
 *		(2)				+ X -			(otherwise)
 *		(3)		* 0 0	* 0 0			(no change)
 *		(4)		+ X 0	X 0 0			(shift)
 *		(5)		* + X	+ X -			(shift, add unknown)
 *
 *		All other states cannot occur.
 *
 *		Note: It would be possible to cache the status of the previous and
 *			  next item pointer using the flags.
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include "postgres.h"

#include "access/genam.h"
#include "access/heapam.h"
#include "utils/relcache.h"

#include "pgstat.h"

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
 *					macros used in index_ routines
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#define RELATION_CHECKS \
( \
	AssertMacro(RelationIsValid(indexRelation)), \
	AssertMacro(PointerIsValid(indexRelation->rd_am)) \
)

#define SCAN_CHECKS \
( \
	AssertMacro(IndexScanIsValid(scan)), \
	AssertMacro(RelationIsValid(scan->indexRelation)), \
	AssertMacro(PointerIsValid(scan->indexRelation->rd_am)) \
)

#define GET_REL_PROCEDURE(x,y) \
( \
	procedure = indexRelation->rd_am->y, \
	(!RegProcedureIsValid(procedure)) ? \
		elog(ERROR, "index_%s: invalid %s regproc", \
			 CppAsString(x), CppAsString(y)) \
	: (void)NULL \
)

#define GET_SCAN_PROCEDURE(x,y) \
( \
	procedure = scan->indexRelation->rd_am->y, \
	(!RegProcedureIsValid(procedure)) ? \
		elog(ERROR, "index_%s: invalid %s regproc", \
			 CppAsString(x), CppAsString(y)) \
	: (void)NULL \
)


/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
 *				   index_ interface functions
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------
 */

/* ----------------
 *		index_open - open an index relation by relation OID
 *
 *		Note: we acquire no lock on the index.	An AccessShareLock is
 *		acquired by index_beginscan (and released by index_endscan).
 *		Generally, the caller should already hold some type of lock on
 *		the parent relation to ensure that the index doesn't disappear.
 *
 *		This is a convenience routine adapted for indexscan use.
 *		Some callers may prefer to use relation_open directly.
 * ----------------
 */
Relation
index_open(Oid relationId)
{
	Relation	r;

	r = relation_open(relationId, NoLock);

	if (r->rd_rel->relkind != RELKIND_INDEX)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
				 errmsg("\"%s\" is not an index",
						RelationGetRelationName(r))));

	pgstat_initstats(&r->pgstat_info, r);

	return r;
}

/* ----------------
 *		index_openrv - open an index relation specified
 *		by a RangeVar node
 *
 *		As above, but relation is specified by a RangeVar.
 * ----------------
 */
Relation
index_openrv(const RangeVar *relation)
{
	Relation	r;

	r = relation_openrv(relation, NoLock);

	if (r->rd_rel->relkind != RELKIND_INDEX)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
				 errmsg("\"%s\" is not an index",
						RelationGetRelationName(r))));

	pgstat_initstats(&r->pgstat_info, r);

	return r;
}

/* ----------------
 *		index_openr - open a system index relation specified by name.
 *
 *		As above, but the relation is specified by an unqualified name;
 *		it is assumed to live in the system catalog namespace.
 * ----------------
 */
Relation
index_openr(const char *sysRelationName)
{
	Relation	r;

	r = relation_openr(sysRelationName, NoLock);

	if (r->rd_rel->relkind != RELKIND_INDEX)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
				 errmsg("\"%s\" is not an index",
						RelationGetRelationName(r))));

	pgstat_initstats(&r->pgstat_info, r);

	return r;
}

/* ----------------
 *		index_close - close a index relation
 *
 *		presently the relcache routines do all the work we need
 *		to open/close index relations.
 * ----------------
 */
void
index_close(Relation relation)
{
	RelationClose(relation);
}

/* ----------------
 *		index_insert - insert an index tuple into a relation
 * ----------------
 */
InsertIndexResult
index_insert(Relation indexRelation,
			 Datum *datums,
			 char *nulls,
			 ItemPointer heap_t_ctid,
			 Relation heapRelation,
			 bool check_uniqueness)
{
	RegProcedure procedure;
	InsertIndexResult specificResult;

	RELATION_CHECKS;
	GET_REL_PROCEDURE(insert, aminsert);

	/*
	 * have the am's insert proc do all the work.
	 */
	specificResult = (InsertIndexResult)
		DatumGetPointer(OidFunctionCall6(procedure,
										 PointerGetDatum(indexRelation),
										 PointerGetDatum(datums),
										 PointerGetDatum(nulls),
										 PointerGetDatum(heap_t_ctid),
										 PointerGetDatum(heapRelation),
										 BoolGetDatum(check_uniqueness)));

	/* must be pfree'ed */
	return specificResult;
}

/* ----------------
 *		index_beginscan - start a scan of an index
 *
 * Note: heapRelation may be NULL if there is no intention of calling
 * index_getnext on this scan; index_getnext_indexitem will not use the
 * heapRelation link (nor the snapshot).  However, the caller had better
 * be holding some kind of lock on the heap relation in any case, to ensure
 * no one deletes it (or the index) out from under us.
 * ----------------
 */
IndexScanDesc
index_beginscan(Relation heapRelation,
				Relation indexRelation,
				Snapshot snapshot,
				int nkeys, ScanKey key)
{
	IndexScanDesc scan;
	RegProcedure procedure;

	RELATION_CHECKS;
	GET_REL_PROCEDURE(beginscan, ambeginscan);

	RelationIncrementReferenceCount(indexRelation);

	/*
	 * Acquire AccessShareLock for the duration of the scan
	 *
	 * Note: we could get an SI inval message here and consequently have to
	 * rebuild the relcache entry.	The refcount increment above ensures
	 * that we will rebuild it and not just flush it...
	 */
	LockRelation(indexRelation, AccessShareLock);

	/*
	 * Tell the AM to open a scan.
	 */
	scan = (IndexScanDesc)
		DatumGetPointer(OidFunctionCall3(procedure,
										 PointerGetDatum(indexRelation),
										 Int32GetDatum(nkeys),
										 PointerGetDatum(key)));

	/*
	 * Save additional parameters into the scandesc.  Everything else was
	 * set up by RelationGetIndexScan.
	 */
	scan->heapRelation = heapRelation;
	scan->xs_snapshot = snapshot;

	/*
	 * We want to look up the amgettuple procedure just once per scan, not
	 * once per index_getnext call.  So do it here and save the fmgr info
	 * result in the scan descriptor.
	 */
	GET_SCAN_PROCEDURE(beginscan, amgettuple);
	fmgr_info(procedure, &scan->fn_getnext);

	return scan;
}

/* ----------------
 *		index_rescan  - (re)start a scan of an index
 *
 * The caller may specify a new set of scankeys (but the number of keys
 * cannot change).	To restart the scan without changing keys, pass NULL
 * for the key array.
 *
 * Note that this is also called when first starting an indexscan;
 * see RelationGetIndexScan.  Keys *must* be passed in that case,
 * unless scan->numberOfKeys is zero.
 * ----------------
 */
void
index_rescan(IndexScanDesc scan, ScanKey key)
{
	RegProcedure procedure;

	SCAN_CHECKS;
	GET_SCAN_PROCEDURE(rescan, amrescan);

	scan->kill_prior_tuple = false;		/* for safety */
	scan->keys_are_unique = false;		/* may be set by index AM */
	scan->got_tuple = false;
	scan->unique_tuple_pos = 0;
	scan->unique_tuple_mark = 0;

	OidFunctionCall2(procedure,
					 PointerGetDatum(scan),
					 PointerGetDatum(key));

	pgstat_reset_index_scan(&scan->xs_pgstat_info);
}

/* ----------------
 *		index_endscan - end a scan
 * ----------------
 */
void
index_endscan(IndexScanDesc scan)
{
	RegProcedure procedure;

	SCAN_CHECKS;
	GET_SCAN_PROCEDURE(endscan, amendscan);

	/* Release any held pin on a heap page */
	if (BufferIsValid(scan->xs_cbuf))
	{
		ReleaseBuffer(scan->xs_cbuf);
		scan->xs_cbuf = InvalidBuffer;
	}

	/* End the AM's scan */
	OidFunctionCall1(procedure, PointerGetDatum(scan));

	/* Release index lock and refcount acquired by index_beginscan */

	UnlockRelation(scan->indexRelation, AccessShareLock);

	RelationDecrementReferenceCount(scan->indexRelation);

	/* Release the scan data structure itself */
	IndexScanEnd(scan);
}

/* ----------------
 *		index_markpos  - mark a scan position
 * ----------------
 */
void
index_markpos(IndexScanDesc scan)
{
	RegProcedure procedure;

	SCAN_CHECKS;
	GET_SCAN_PROCEDURE(markpos, ammarkpos);

	scan->unique_tuple_mark = scan->unique_tuple_pos;

	OidFunctionCall1(procedure, PointerGetDatum(scan));
}

/* ----------------
 *		index_restrpos	- restore a scan position
 * ----------------
 */
void
index_restrpos(IndexScanDesc scan)