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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"><HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Getting Started</TITLE><METANAME="GENERATOR"CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.64"><LINKREL="HOME"TITLE="IPTraf User's Manual"HREF="manual.html"><LINKREL="PREVIOUS"TITLE="Document Conventions"HREF="conventions.html"><LINKREL="NEXT"TITLE=" Upgrading from Earlier Versions"HREF="upgrading.html"></HEAD><BODYCLASS="CHAPTER"BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"LINK="#0000FF"VLINK="#840084"ALINK="#0000FF"><DIVCLASS="NAVHEADER"><TABLEWIDTH="100%"BORDER="0"CELLPADDING="0"CELLSPACING="0"><TR><THCOLSPAN="3"ALIGN="center">IPTraf User's Manual</TH></TR><TR><TDWIDTH="10%"ALIGN="left"VALIGN="bottom"><AHREF="conventions.html"><<< Previous</A></TD><TDWIDTH="80%"ALIGN="center"VALIGN="bottom"></TD><TDWIDTH="10%"ALIGN="right"VALIGN="bottom"><AHREF="upgrading.html">Next >>></A></TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="100%"></DIV><DIVCLASS="CHAPTER"><H1><ANAME="GETTINGSTARTED">Getting Started</A></H1><P>IPTraf is a network monitoring utility for IP networks. Itintercepts packets on the network and gives out various piecesof information about the current IP traffic over it. Information returnedby IPTraf include:</P><P></P><ULCOMPACT="COMPACT"><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> Total, IP, TCP, UDP, ICMP, and non-IP byte counts</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> TCP source and destination addresses and ports</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> TCP packet and byte counts</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> TCP flag statuses</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> UDP source and destination information</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> ICMP type information</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> OSPF source and destination information</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> TCP and UDP service statistics</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> Interface packet counts</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> Interface IP checksum error counts</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> Interface activity indicators</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> LAN station statistics</P></LI></UL><P>IPTraf can be used to monitor the load on an IP network, the mostused types of network services, the proceedings of TCPconnections, and others.</P><P> IPTraf is a software-only analyzer. It utilizes the built-in raw packet capture interface of the Linux kernel, allowing it to be used with a wide range of Ethernet cards, supported FDDI adapters, supported ISDN adapters, Token Ring, asynchronous SLIP/ PPP interfaces and other network devices. No special hardware is required.</P><P> Basic knowledge of the important TCP/IP protocols (IP, TCP, UDP, ICMP, etc.) is necessary for you to best understand the information generated by the program.</P><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H1CLASS="SECT1"><ANAME="INSTALLATION">Installation</A></H1><P> IPTraf is most readily available on the Internet, but some may receive it on a diskette. Here are the instructions for both types of distributions.</P><DIVCLASS="SECT2"><H2CLASS="SECT2"><ANAME="AEN98">System Requirements</A></H2><P>IPTraf requires:</P><DIVCLASS="SECT3"><H3CLASS="SECT3"><ANAME="AEN101">Hardware Requirements</A></H3><P></P><ULCOMPACT="COMPACT"><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> 16 megabytes of physical RAM (more recommended, at least 64 MB for very busy networks)</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> 2 megabytes of free disk space for installation (more will be needed if you log high amounts of traffic over time)</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> Pentium-class processor or higher (Pentium-II 200 MHz or higher recommended) or equivalent.</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> One or more of the supported network interfaces.</P></LI></UL></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT3"><H3CLASS="SECT3"><ANAME="AEN112">Operating System Requirements</A></H3><P></P><ULCOMPACT="COMPACT"><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> Linux kernel 2.2.0 or higher</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> GNU C Library 2.1 or later</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> ncurses 4.2 or later with the complete terminfo database in <TTCLASS="FILENAME">/usr/share/terminfo</TT>. Support for <TTCLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT">linux</TT>, <TTCLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT">vt100</TT>, <TTCLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT">xterm</TT>, <TTCLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT">xterm-color</TT> recommended. </P></LI></UL></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT3"><H3CLASS="SECT3"><ANAME="AEN126">Compilation Requirements</A></H3><P>The following components are required when compiling IPTraf from thesource code.</P><P></P><ULCOMPACT="COMPACT"><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> gcc 2.7.2.3 or later</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> GNU C (glibc) development library 2.1 or later</P></LI><LISTYLE="list-style-type: disc"><P> ncurses development libraries 4.2 or later</P></LI></UL></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT2"><H2CLASS="SECT2"><ANAME="AEN136">Availability</A></H2><P> IPTraf can be downloaded from the Internet from the official FTP site at <AHREF="ftp://iptraf.seul.org/pub/iptraf/"TARGET="_top">ftp://iptraf.seul.org/pub/iptraf/</A>.</P><P> The software is available in source form in compressed<TTCLASS="FILENAME">.tar.gz</TT> files named<TTCLASS="FILENAME">iptraf-<TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z</I></TT>.tar.gz</TT> where<TTCLASS="FILENAME"><TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z</I></TT></TT> is the version number. Precompiled ready-to-run software is available in the<TTCLASS="FILENAME">iptraf-<TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z.machinetype</I></TT>.bin.tar.gz</TT> files. (<TTCLASS="FILENAME"><TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>machinetype</I></TT></TT> indicates what platform the precompiled binaries run on. The official distribution will only be for the Intel x86 architecture indicated as<TTCLASS="FILENAME">i386</TT>.)</P></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT2"><H2CLASS="SECT2"><ANAME="AEN151">Installing Downloaded Packages</A></H2><P> You will need to have GNU tar and GNU zip installed. All modern Linux installations already have these utilities ready.</P><P></P><OLTYPE="1"><LI><P> Decompress the <TTCLASS="FILENAME">.tar.gz</TT> file by entering</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="90%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="SYNOPSIS">tar zxvf iptraf-<TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z</I></TT>.tar.gz</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P> for the source code or</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="90%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="SYNOPSIS">tar zxvf iptraf-<TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z</I></TT>.i386.bin.tar.gz</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P>for the precompiled x86 programs.</P><P>If your tar doesn't support the z option, you can separatelydecompress the <TTCLASS="FILENAME">.tar.gz</TT> filethen extract the resulting <TTCLASS="FILENAME">.tar</TT> archive.</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="90%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="SYNOPSIS">gunzip iptraf-<TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z</I></TT>.tar.gztar xvf iptraf-<TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z</I></TT>.tar</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P>This will decompress the sources into a directory called<TTCLASS="FILENAME">iptraf-<TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z</I></TT></TT> (source code)or<TTCLASS="FILENAME">iptraf-<TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z</I></TT>.bin</TT>(precompiled). (<TTCLASS="REPLACEABLE"><I>x.y.z</I></TT> here should be the IPTraf version numberyou're installing, like <TTCLASS="FILENAME">2.7.0</TT>).</P></LI><LI><P>Change to the created top level directory.</P></LI><LI><P>To compile and install the software, run the Setup program by entering</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="90%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="SYNOPSIS">./Setup</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P> while you are logged in as root. The Setup script will recognize the source distribution and compile the software before installing. It will immediately install a precompiled distribution.</P></LI></OL><P> The resulting binaries will be placed in the<TTCLASS="FILENAME">/usr/local/bin</TT> directory. All needed directories will also be created.</P><P> After installation, you will be asked if you want to read the <TTCLASS="FILENAME">RELEASE-NOTES</TT> file. It is recommended that you do so at that point, since the <TTCLASS="FILENAME">RELEASE-NOTES</TT> file contains important information about the new version.</P></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT2"><H2CLASS="SECT2"><ANAME="AEN188">Installing a Floppy Distribution</A></H2><P> If you received IPTraf on a diskette, the sources are already decompressed. The diskette is in Second Extended filesystem format. Perform the following steps to install the software. </P><P></P><OLTYPE="1"><LI><P>Insert the floppy in the drive.</P></LI><LI><P>Mount the floppy on an empty directory. For example, tomount the floppy in the first floppy drive under a directorycalled <TTCLASS="FILENAME">/mnt</TT>, enter</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="90%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="SYNOPSIS">mount -t ext2 /dev/fd0 /mnt</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P> This assumes your floppy is in <TTCLASS="FILENAME">/dev/fd0</TT>. You can use any empty directory in place of <TTCLASS="FILENAME">/mnt</TT>. With most Linux installations, this will work fine.</P></LI><LI><P> After mounting, changeto the <TTCLASS="FILENAME">/mnt</TT> (or whatever) directory.</P></LI><LI><P>Enter</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="90%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="SYNOPSIS">./Setup</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P> while logged in as root. Setup will determine whether the diskette contains a source code distribution or ready-to-run precompiled software. This will copy the binaries to <TTCLASS="FILENAME">/usr/local/bin</TT>, and create the necessary working directories.</P></LI><LI><P>Unmount the diskette by typing</P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="90%"><TR><TD><PRECLASS="SYNOPSIS">umount /mnt</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE><P> (That's <ICLASS="EMPHASIS">u</I>mount, not <ICLASS="EMPHASIS">un</I>mount.)</P><P> You can then eject the diskette. Store it in a safe place.</P><P> You will also be asked if you want to view the<TTCLASS="FILENAME">RELEASE-NOTES</TT> file. It is recommended that you do so at that point.</P><P> In both cases (downloaded and floppy), the installation will store the program in <TTCLASS="FILENAME">/usr/local/bin</TT> with the binaries owned by user root, readable, writable, and executable by the owner, no permissions for the group, no permissions for all others. (700 octal, or <TTCLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT">-rwx------</TT>).</P><DIVCLASS="NOTE"><P></P><TABLECLASS="NOTE"WIDTH="90%"BORDER="0"><TR><TDWIDTH="25"ALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"><IMGSRC="./stylesheet-images/note.gif"HSPACE="5"ALT="Note"></TD><THALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="CENTER"><B>Note</B></TH></TR><TR><TD> </TD><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"><P> You must be <TTCLASS="FILENAME">root</TT> to do the installation. The old style of installation (<BCLASS="COMMAND">cd src;make install</B>) is still supported.</P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV></LI></OL><P> Be sure <TTCLASS="FILENAME">/usr/local/bin</TT> is included in your environment's <TTCLASS="ENVAR">PATH</TT> variable. You can edit the appropriate command in your login customization file (<TTCLASS="FILENAME">.profile</TT> for the Bourne-type shells, <TTCLASS="FILENAME">.cshrc</TT> for the C shell and its relatives).</P></DIV></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="NAVFOOTER"><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="100%"><TABLEWIDTH="100%"BORDER="0"CELLPADDING="0"CELLSPACING="0"><TR><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="left"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="conventions.html"><<< Previous</A></TD><TDWIDTH="34%"ALIGN="center"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="manual.html">Home</A></TD><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="right"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="upgrading.html">Next >>></A></TD></TR><TR><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="left"VALIGN="top">Document Conventions</TD><TDWIDTH="34%"ALIGN="center"VALIGN="top"> </TD><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="right"VALIGN="top">Upgrading from Earlier Versions</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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