iso13818ts.1

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then for each program one line of description and
for each stream within that program another line is printed.
When \fInum\fR=2, then for each descriptor there is printed one more line.
The following values are compiled:
.RS
.TP
\fIprogs\fR
Number of programs in target stream.
.TP
\fIprog\fR
Program number within target stream.
.TP
\fIpmt\fR
PMT PID for the program.
.TP
\fIpcr\fR
PCR PID for the program.
.TP
\fIstreams\fR
Number of streams in the program.
A number in parantheses may be added that denotes how many of these
streams are not PES data streams, but have been added by use of the
\fB\-\-sipid\fR option to the PMT.
.TP
\fIstream\fR
Stream PID.
.TP
\fItype\fR
Stream type (according to ISO 13818-1 table 2-29).
.TP
\fIsid\fR
PES stream ID.
.TP
\fIfile\fR
Source file contents type (PES=0, PS=1, TS=2).
.TP
\fIsource\fR
Stream index in source file (SID for PS, PID for TS).
.TP
\fInum\fR
Source file reference number (-1 if none).
.TP
\fIname\fR
Source file name.
.TP
\fIdescr\fR
Descriptor tag.
.TP
\fIlen\fR
Descriptor length, number of data bytes in the descriptor.
.TP
\fIdata\fR
Descriptor data, bytewise.
.RE
.TP
\fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-statistics\fR \fItime\fR
Order output load statistics to be generated about every
\fItime\fR msec.
Switch off with \fItime\fR=0.
The statistics are written to \fIstderr\fR linewise,
the following values are calculated:
.RS
.TP
\fInow\fR
Internal clock in msec.
.TP
\fIout\fR
Number of bytes written to stdout since last statistics,
and number of write operations needed.
.TP
\fIbuf\fR
Number of bytes in the output buffers (lower and upper bound).
.TP
\fItime\fR
Time in msec, for how long the contents of the
output buffers should suffice (lower and upper bound).
.TP
\fIburst\fR
Size of write burst, i.e. number of bytes prepared to
be written in a single write operation (lower and upper bound).
.RE
.TP
\fB\-\-badtiming\fR
In conjunction with a program stream originating from a DVB-s
digital TV receiver card, You might want to automatically
correct broken PCR values produced by that card, to
avoid discontinuities in the output.
.TP
\fB\-\-conservativepids\fR [\fInum\fR]
Though PIDs are only of significance to internally link
elementary streams in a transport stream, for test purposes
it might be desired to keep PIDs across multiplexing
(range 0..1, default is 1, initial is 0).
.SH OVERVIEW
The multiplexer is designed to run uninterrupted and
be controlled via \fIstdin\fR and \fIstderr\fR.
It is designed to process data in real time,
i.e. if the processing is not performed fast
enough (e.g. because of low system performance),
errors in the resulting data may occur, namely
concerning the timing.
The multiplexer may be invoked interactively with
the streams to process given as command line options
or with the commands to be processed typed into
\fIstdin\fR during operation.
The latter type of usage is also designed for use
with an user interface front-end, that may
translate some GUI input to iso13818ts commands
and filter its responses to be presented to the user
as appropriate.
.P
Three different types of input are supported:
Paketized elementary streams (PES),
Program streams (PS),
Transport streams (TS).
.P
Numeric parameters may be given in decimal (e.g. 31)
or in hex (e.g. 0x1F).
.SH DETAILS
The output file or device does not change throughout the
time the program runs. The input files, however, may vary.
Also the contents of an input file may vary, but not its
type. E.g., a file opened as program stream must contain
valid program stream data up to its end (and including
any files that are appended to this file with \fB\-\-append\fR).
.P
All basic PSI is evaluated contiguously, and changes in
the configuration (changing PID, etc.) are taken into
account and tracked. Thus a stream should not get lost
simply because its PID is changed in the middle of the
broadcast.
.P
When remultiplexing a transport stream, the user cannot
rely on the original PIDs to be the same in the output stream.
Usually output PIDs are different from input PIDs.
This is because all basic PSI is composed from scratch for the
output stream, with exception of the descriptors.
These are not evaluated but only copied and reused
as appropriate.
.P
For each output program one stream within this program
must contain PCR time stamps. The strategy in selecting
which stream shall carry the PCR is, first see if there
is one input stream that contains PCR, if none is found,
use the stream for which data packets are found first.
Note, that for a simple mono TV program this is not
necessarily the video stream.
.P
When using the command \fB\-\-si\fR,
PID collisions may occur with source stream PIDs
as well as with target stream PIDs.
.br
For source collisions, data streams win,
i.e. if a packet is encountered,
that matches the PAT and PMT description of the input file
as well as the range given by \fB\-\-si\fR,
the latter match is ignored and the packet is
processed as PES data packet
(or PMT packet, if appropriate).
.br
For target collisions, the \fB\-\-si\fR range wins,
i.e. the attempt is made not to assign PIDs to
target data streams (or PMT streams),
that are covered by a range given by \fB\-\-si\fR.
If this attempt fails, e.g. because the full range
was given with \fI\-\-si 0x0010 0x1FFE\fR,
the potential collision is accepted, because there
is no easy algorithm to get around it.
Instead, the user should avoid covering the full range
with \fB\-\-si\fR and preferredly only state those
PIDs, which actually will contain SI packets.
.P
Note, that no collision check is done for PIDs,
that are given with the \fB\-\-sipid\fR command.
This is because these PIDs are assumed to be
covered by a corresponding \fB\-\-si\fR.
.SH EXAMPLES
To convert a program stream file x.PS to a transport stream file x.TS,
with program number 42, transport stream id 23
and PAT and PMT generated about every half second:
.IP
$ iso13818ts --fpsi 500 --ident 23 --ps x.PS 42 > x.TS
.PP
If the program stream doesn't contain correct PSI,
the single streams may be extracted one by one. Assuming
one video stream (0xE0) and mono audio (0xC0):
.IP
$ iso13818ts --fpsi 500 --ident 23 --ps x.PS 42 0xE0 --ps = 42 0xC0 > x.TS
.PP
To bundle two streams originating from video devices and
send them out to a streaming device, e.g.:
.IP
$ iso13818ts -F 500 -P /dev/video0 0x7300 -P /dev/video1 0x7301 > /dev/xdvb0
.PP
To remultiplex a transport stream containing two TV programs
with program numbers 4711 and 4712, with the audio streams (0xC0)
of the TV programs exchanged:
.IP
$ iso13818ts -F 500 --file 1 /dev/rdvb0 --ts 1 4711 4711 0xE0 --ts 1 4712 4712 0xE0 --ts 1 4711 4712 0xC0 --ts 1 4712 4711 0xC0 > /dev/xdvb0
.PP
To invoke the multiplexer for interactive use, it must
be put in all-time-busy-mode. Subsequently, commands can
be fed to \fIstdin\fR, e.g. to do the same as with the
first example:
.IP
$ iso13818ts --busy > x.TS
.br
fpsi 500 ident 23
.br
ps x.PS 42
.PP
This instance of the multiplexer will not cease when the
end of file in x.PS is reached. To stop the multiplexer,
either \fBquit\fR or \fBbusy 0\fR may be typed to \fIstdin\fR.
.P
To output a movie repeatedly (e.g. seven times):
.IP
$ iso13818ts -F 500 --ps thepurpleroseofcairo.PS 777 --repeat = 7 > /dev/xdvb0
.PP
Note, that if during the movie is processed, the command
.IP
close thepurpleroseofcairo.PS
.PP
is issued, and supposed it is not yet processed the seventh time,
it is not closed, but restarted immediately.
.P
To concatenate two movies and output them in sequence:
.IP
$ iso13818ts -F 500 --ps rambo1.PS 789 --append = rambo2.PS > /dev/xdvb0
.PP
Note, that a file can only be appended to a file, that is
yet in use (i.e. being processed). Thus, it is not possible
to append a third movie (rambo3.PS) from within the command
line. Instead, the processing of the second movie must be
awaited, and then the following command can be fed to \fIstdin\fR:
.IP
append rambo2.PS rambo3.PS
.PP
To add data from a DSMCC carousel to the output, a DSMCC
carousel generator must be started seperately. The carousel
must generate the DSMCC data as a series of transport
stream packets that contain private sections. The PIDs used by
the carousel must be known (e.g. 0x10..0x1F). Supposed use of
the DSMCC carousel data provider \fIrepeatts\fR:
.IP
$ mkfifo dsmcc_pipe
.br
$ repeatts 8000 2000 dsmcc_data.TS > dsmcc_pipe &
.br
$ iso13818ts -F 500 --busy --ts dsmcc_pipe --si = 0x10 0x1F > /dev/xdvb0
.br
ps x.PS 42
.br
ps y.PS 43
.br
\&...
.PP
If the source is a transport stream with broken or
missing PSI (i.e. PAT/PMT), and if further it can
be assumed, that there is only one program to be found
in the stream, then the \fIsource program number\fR
can be specified as \fB0\fR. With the following
example, one video and one audio stream are extracted
(the first one found, if more than one exist)
and output as \fItarget program number\fR 42:
.IP
$ iso13818ts -F 500 -T deficient.TS 0 42 0xE0 -T = 0 42 0xC0 > complete.TS
.PP
.SH "KNOWN PROBLEMS"
The program might not work in conjunction with device drivers
that do not deliver or accept data unless a first read or write
is done on the device. E.g., for a MPEG video data source, that
does not produce output without being triggered by being read
from, this program will await the readability of the first
data infinitely. On the other hand it is obvious that the driver
should not encode data as long as there is no application that
will read this data.
One possibly solution to this dilemma is to patch such a driver
to interpret the \fIpoll\fR command as an order for data, thus
triggering the read mechanisms. Analogous considerations hold
for polling the output device and writing to it.
.P
Paketized elementary streams do not necessarily contain
usable time stamps, so when multiplexing raw PES, streams
belonging together may be out of sync. This is especially
noteworthy in case streams shall be demultiplexed and then
again multiplexed in some way. Results will always be better
when this remultiplexing takes place entirely within the
multiplexer, because that way timing information won't get lost.
.SH BUGS
End of action sometimes is not detected correctly, which
causes the multiplexer to hang.
Nevertheless, it then can be stopped by the \fBquit\fR command.
.P
Changing configuration is not printed if the change
is solely a descriptor coming from a source file.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR repeatts (1),
.BR iso13818ps (1),
.BR ISO\ 13818-1 ,
.BR ETSI\ EN\ 300\ 468 .
.SH AUTHOR
Oskar Schirmer ([e-mail]).