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<h3>
Code Example</h3>
<p>This is a very simple benchmark application that offers you a general overview of Python programming. Note that this version doesn't provide any type or error handling and the interface is still very rough.</p>
<P>Before going through the code, you must first understand what the program does. <A HRef="37#1.html">Figure 2.4</a> shows an interaction with the program.</p>
<CENTer>
<h5>
<a NAME="1"></a>Figure 2.4. This example covers many aspects of basic Python concepts.</h5>
<img border="0" width="500" heigHt="459" sRc="graphics/02fig04.gif" alT="graphics/02fig04.gif">
</centEr>
<p>The program consists of two questions that should be answered by an <i>n</I> number of companies. These questions cover the number of IT employees and the total IT cost of a company. The benchmark uses the <TT Class="monofont">total cost / employee</TT> value to calculate the statistics.</P>
<P>After checking the results, you have the option to save them in a file, and later when opening the application again, you get the option to visualize them again.</p>
<h5>
Listing 2.1 Benchmark Tool (File benchmark.py)</h5>
<pRE CLass="monofont">
1: ###
2: # Program: Benchmark tool
3: # Author: Andre S Lessa
4: ###
5:
6: ### import modules
7:
8: import sys
9: import string
10: import operator
11:
12: ### create dictionary of questions
13:
14: def definequiz():
15: questions = { }
16: questions["1"] = "What is the number of IT employees of this
company?"
17: questions["2"] = "What is the total IT cost of this company?"
18:
19: return questions
20:
21: ### Loop to collect companies data
22:
23: def collectresults():
24: company = getcompanyname()
25: while company:
26: if company == "":
27: break
28:
29: quizkeys = quiz.keys()
30: quizkeys.sort()
31: for question in quizkeys:
32: showquestion(lo_question=question, lo_company=company)
33:
34: company = getcompanyname()
35:
36: if len(answers) > 0:
37: generateresults()
38: showresults(gl_companies, gl_avg, gl_max, gl_min)
39:
40: userinput = raw_input ("Do you want to save your results ? ")
41: if string.upper(userinput[0]) == "Y":
42: saveresults(gl_companies, gl_avg, gl_max, gl_min)
43:
44: return
45:
46: ### Generate benchmark results
47:
48: def generateresults():
49: global gl_companies, gl_avg, gl_max, gl_min
50:
51: gl_companies = string.join(answers.keys(), ",")
52:
53: company_count = len(answers.keys())
54:
55: lo_avg = []
56:
57: for company in answers.keys():
58: lo_employees = answers[company][0][1]
59: lo_cost = answers[company][1][1]
60: average = (float(lo_cost) / int(lo_employees))
61: lo_avg = lo_avg + [average]
62:
63: gl_max = max(lo_avg)
64: gl_min = min(lo_avg)
65: gl_avg = reduce(operator.add, lo_avg) / company_count
66:
67: return
68:
69: ### Interface to enter company name
70:
71: def getcompanyname():
72: print "Please enter the company name, " }
73: "or press ENTER when you are done."
74: userinput = raw_input()
75: return userinput
76:
77: ### Displays questions and collect results
78:
79: def showquestion(lo_question, lo_company):
80: print quiz[lo_question]
81: if answers.has_key(lo_company):
82: answers[lo_company] = answers[lo_company] + }
83: [coerce(lo_question, raw_input())]
84: else:
85: answers[lo_company] = [coerce(lo_question, raw_input())]
86: return
87:
88: ### Save results in a file
89:
90: def saveresults(*arguments):
91: file = open(filename, "w")
92: for value in arguments:
93: file.write(repr(value)+"\ n")
94: file.close
95: showresults(gl_companies, gl_avg, gl_max, gl_min)
96: print "The results were saved."
97: print
98:
99: ### Load results from a file
100:
101: def loadresults():
102: count = 0
103: file = open(filename, "r")
104: line = file.readline()
105: line = line[:-1]
106: while line:
107: if count == 0:
108: lo_companies = line
109: if count == 1:
110: lo_avg = float(line)
111: elif count == 2:
112: lo_max = float(line)
113: elif count == 3:
114: lo_min = float(line)
115: line = file.readline()
116: line = line[:-1]
117: count = count + 1
118: file.close()
119: return(lo_companies, lo_avg, lo_max, lo_min)
120:
121: ### Show results in the screen
122:
123: def showresults(lo_companies, lo_avg, lo_max, lo_min):
124: print "Companies : "
125: print lo_companies
126: print "-------------------------------------"
127: print "%0.2f is the average cost/employees" % lo_avg
128: print "%0.2f is the maximum cost/employees" % lo_max
129: print "%0.2f is the minimum cost/employees" % lo_min
130: print
131: return
132:
133: ### Main action block
134:
135: def main():
136: print
137: print "Welcome to the benchmark tool!"
138: print
139:
140: userinput = raw_input("Do you want to load the saved results ? ")
141:
142: if userinput == "":
143: collectresults()
144: elif string.upper(userinput[0]) == "Y":
145: gl_companies, gl_avg, gl_max, gl_min = loadresults()
146: showresults(gl_companies, gl_avg, gl_max, gl_min)
147: else:
148: collectresults()
149:
150: print
151: sys.exit()
152:
153: ### Global Variables
154:
155: quiz = definequiz()
156: answers = { }
157: filename = "results.txt"
158: gl_companies = ""
159: gl_avg = 0
160: gl_max = 0
161: gl_min = 0
162:
163: main()
</pRE>
<P>Note that the program effectively starts at line 155, when the global variables are declared, and soon after that, the <Tt class="monofont">main()</tt> function is executed.</p>
<p>The following list shows some of the important concepts that are provided by this simple example.</p>
<p>Lines 8-10桳oads the required modules.</p>
<p>Lines 15-17, 53, 81桪ictionary manipulation.</p>
<p>The <tt clAss="monofont">answers</Tt> dictionary has the following structure:</p>
<p>{company1: [(question1,answer1), (question2,answer2), company2: [(question1,answer1), (question2,answer2), 厎</P>
<p>Note that the dictionary values are lists of tuples.</p>
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