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📁 一份很好的linux入门资料
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<TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人:&nbsp;ayanami&nbsp;(Kanzaki&nbsp;Hitomi),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;bsd&nbsp;vs&nbsp;linux&nbsp;I&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;(Wed&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;14:48:40&nbsp;1997)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Subject:&nbsp;Re:&nbsp;Why&nbsp;FreeBSD?&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Any&nbsp;response&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;question&nbsp;like&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;bound&nbsp;to&nbsp;upset&nbsp;someone.&nbsp;I'll&nbsp;<BR>answer&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;caveat&nbsp;that&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;my&nbsp;opinion&nbsp;that&nbsp;developed&nbsp;over&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>past&nbsp;three&nbsp;years&nbsp;following&nbsp;them&nbsp;both&nbsp;as&nbsp;well&nbsp;as&nbsp;other&nbsp;commercial&nbsp;OSs.&nbsp;<BR>Those&nbsp;of&nbsp;you&nbsp;offended&nbsp;in&nbsp;any&nbsp;way&nbsp;by&nbsp;this,&nbsp;please&nbsp;cat&nbsp;flames&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;/dev/null.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>That&nbsp;said&nbsp;--&nbsp;the&nbsp;differences&nbsp;between&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;and&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;can&nbsp;best&nbsp;be&nbsp;<BR>understood&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;context&nbsp;of&nbsp;American&nbsp;politics.&nbsp;There&nbsp;are&nbsp;essentially&nbsp;two&nbsp;<BR>philosophies:&nbsp;Republican&nbsp;(FreeBSD)&nbsp;and&nbsp;Democrat&nbsp;(Linux).&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;organization&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;republican&nbsp;structure&nbsp;--&nbsp;we&nbsp;have&nbsp;our&nbsp;say&nbsp;as&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>users,&nbsp;but&nbsp;the&nbsp;final&nbsp;decisions&nbsp;devolve&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;core&nbsp;team&nbsp;who&nbsp;take&nbsp;the&nbsp;final&nbsp;<BR>responsibility&nbsp;for&nbsp;their&nbsp;decisions.&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;takes&nbsp;a&nbsp;conservative&nbsp;approach.&nbsp;<BR>In&nbsp;other&nbsp;words,&nbsp;better&nbsp;things&nbsp;should&nbsp;work&nbsp;correctly&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;expense&nbsp;of&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>minorities&nbsp;desires,&nbsp;than&nbsp;to&nbsp;please&nbsp;all&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;people&nbsp;all&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;time&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>have&nbsp;unexpected&nbsp;components&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;OS&nbsp;breaking&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;regular&nbsp;basis.&nbsp;We&nbsp;are&nbsp;<BR>free&nbsp;to&nbsp;vote&nbsp;our&nbsp;approval&nbsp;or&nbsp;disapproval&nbsp;by&nbsp;changing&nbsp;our&nbsp;OS.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Linux&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;democratic&nbsp;group.&nbsp;There&nbsp;is&nbsp;no&nbsp;single&nbsp;authority&nbsp;to&nbsp;accept&nbsp;final&nbsp;<BR>responsibility&nbsp;except&nbsp;for&nbsp;Linus&nbsp;as&nbsp;it&nbsp;relates&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel.&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;adopted&nbsp;<BR>early&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;consensus&nbsp;approach&nbsp;(POSIX,&nbsp;etc.).&nbsp;In&nbsp;a&nbsp;sense,&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;is&nbsp;much&nbsp;<BR>like&nbsp;current&nbsp;Democratic&nbsp;politics&nbsp;--&nbsp;the&nbsp;mob&nbsp;pretty&nbsp;much&nbsp;rules.&nbsp;The&nbsp;end&nbsp;<BR>result&nbsp;is&nbsp;that&nbsp;there&nbsp;is&nbsp;really&nbsp;no&nbsp;such&nbsp;thing&nbsp;as&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;--&nbsp;there&nbsp;are&nbsp;<BR>distributions&nbsp;that&nbsp;use&nbsp;the&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;and&nbsp;from&nbsp;then&nbsp;on&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;<BR>essentially&nbsp;different&nbsp;operating&nbsp;systems.&nbsp;Slackware,&nbsp;for&nbsp;example,&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;<BR>look&nbsp;at&nbsp;all&nbsp;like&nbsp;Red&nbsp;Hat.&nbsp;Describing&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;is&nbsp;much&nbsp;like&nbsp;describing&nbsp;Mach.&nbsp;<BR>(There&nbsp;isn't&nbsp;much&nbsp;-&nbsp;both&nbsp;are&nbsp;just&nbsp;micro&nbsp;kernels.&nbsp;_Anything_&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;<BR>implemented&nbsp;over&nbsp;them.)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>So&nbsp;as&nbsp;I&nbsp;see&nbsp;it,&nbsp;it&nbsp;comes&nbsp;down&nbsp;to&nbsp;this:&nbsp;vote&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;philosophy&nbsp;that&nbsp;<BR>appeals&nbsp;to&nbsp;you.&nbsp;I&nbsp;use&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;because&nbsp;I&nbsp;rely&nbsp;on&nbsp;my&nbsp;machine&nbsp;for&nbsp;many&nbsp;other&nbsp;<BR>uses&nbsp;besides&nbsp;tinkering&nbsp;with&nbsp;operating&nbsp;systems.&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;change&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>world&nbsp;on&nbsp;me&nbsp;every&nbsp;6&nbsp;months.&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;is&nbsp;in&nbsp;constant&nbsp;change.&nbsp;New&nbsp;things&nbsp;are&nbsp;<BR>showing&nbsp;up&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;time.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;like&nbsp;tinkering&nbsp;with&nbsp;operating&nbsp;systems&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>having&nbsp;things&nbsp;that&nbsp;used&nbsp;to&nbsp;work&nbsp;break,&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;your&nbsp;answer.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;<BR>don't&nbsp;know&nbsp;Unix&nbsp;--&nbsp;pick&nbsp;one&nbsp;and&nbsp;get&nbsp;started.&nbsp;You'll&nbsp;learn&nbsp;how&nbsp;to&nbsp;pick&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>best&nbsp;choice.&nbsp;No&nbsp;matter&nbsp;which&nbsp;one&nbsp;you&nbsp;pick,&nbsp;it&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;infinitely&nbsp;better&nbsp;<BR>that&nbsp;Micros**t&nbsp;anything.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Enjoy.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>--&nbsp;Jay&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>--&nbsp;<BR>Kanzaki&nbsp;Hitomi&nbsp;&lt;---&gt;&nbsp;Van&nbsp;Fanel&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Tenku&nbsp;no&nbsp;Escaflowne&nbsp;<BR>Ayanami&nbsp;Rei&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;---&gt;&nbsp;Ikari&nbsp;Shinji&nbsp;&nbsp;Shin&nbsp;seiki&nbsp;Evangelion&nbsp;<BR>Tamahome&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;---&gt;&nbsp;Miaka&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fushigi&nbsp;Yuugi&nbsp;<BR>dream&nbsp;lovers....&nbsp;Fansubber&nbsp;wanna-be&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>※&nbsp;来源:·BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;bbs.net.tsinghua.edu.cn·[FROM:&nbsp;attila.stevens-]&nbsp;<BR>发信人:&nbsp;ayanami&nbsp;(Kanzaki&nbsp;Hitomi),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;bsd&nbsp;vs&nbsp;linux&nbsp;II&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;(Wed&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;14:49:22&nbsp;1997)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Subject:&nbsp;Re:&nbsp;Why&nbsp;FreeBSD?&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>And&nbsp;the&nbsp;clouds&nbsp;parted&nbsp;on&nbsp;21&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;97,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Jeff&nbsp;Roberts&nbsp;<BR>said:&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>＞<I>On&nbsp;Fri,&nbsp;21&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;1997,&nbsp;Bob&nbsp;Dole&nbsp;wrote:&nbsp;</I><BR>＞<I>&nbsp;</I><BR>＞<I>&gt;&nbsp;Hi,&nbsp;I&nbsp;plan&nbsp;on&nbsp;changing&nbsp;to&nbsp;UNIX&nbsp;and&nbsp;I&nbsp;wonder&nbsp;wether&nbsp;I&nbsp;should&nbsp;take&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;or&nbsp;&nbsp;</I><BR>＞<I>&gt;&nbsp;FreeBSD...&nbsp;</I><BR>＞<I>&gt;&nbsp;Both&nbsp;seem&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;an&nbsp;excellent&nbsp;choice,&nbsp;so&nbsp;you&nbsp;can't&nbsp;say&nbsp;one&nbsp;is&nbsp;better&nbsp;than&nbsp;&nbsp;</I><BR>＞<I>&gt;&nbsp;the&nbsp;other.&nbsp;But&nbsp;in&nbsp;what&nbsp;are&nbsp;they&nbsp;different,&nbsp;in&nbsp;what&nbsp;is&nbsp;each&nbsp;specialized?&nbsp;</I><BR>＞<I>&nbsp;</I><BR>&nbsp;<BR>Then&nbsp;try&nbsp;them&nbsp;both:&nbsp;they're&nbsp;both&nbsp;&quot;free&quot;,&nbsp;but&nbsp;you'll&nbsp;have&nbsp;to&nbsp;pay&nbsp;something&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>for&nbsp;you&nbsp;Internet&nbsp;connection&nbsp;or&nbsp;CDROM&nbsp;distribution,&nbsp;depending&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>circumstances.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;following&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;impartial,&nbsp;as&nbsp;I&nbsp;don't&nbsp;play&nbsp;with&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>much,&nbsp;but&nbsp;when&nbsp;I&nbsp;did&nbsp;I&nbsp;wasn't&nbsp;as&nbsp;happy&nbsp;as&nbsp;I&nbsp;am&nbsp;now&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;8).&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>[opinions&nbsp;on]&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Linux&nbsp;is&nbsp;SysV-flavored&nbsp;(barely);&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;is&nbsp;BSD-flavored&nbsp;(definitely).&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Linux's&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;is&nbsp;authored&nbsp;by&nbsp;one&nbsp;person&nbsp;(Linus&nbsp;Torvalds);&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;is&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>authored&nbsp;by&nbsp;(essentially)&nbsp;the&nbsp;core&nbsp;team.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Linux&nbsp;addons&nbsp;come&nbsp;from&nbsp;pretty&nbsp;much&nbsp;everywhere;&nbsp;FreeBSD's&nbsp;get&nbsp;submitted&nbsp;from&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;of&nbsp;places&nbsp;also,&nbsp;but&nbsp;have&nbsp;to&nbsp;pass&nbsp;review&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;included&nbsp;as&nbsp;part&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>release.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Linux&nbsp;has&nbsp;multiple&nbsp;releases&nbsp;(based&nbsp;on&nbsp;who's&nbsp;packaging),&nbsp;all&nbsp;somewhat&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>different&nbsp;from&nbsp;each&nbsp;other,&nbsp;and&nbsp;somewhat&nbsp;inoperative&nbsp;as&nbsp;well.&nbsp;&nbsp;There's&nbsp;only&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>one&nbsp;release&nbsp;to&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;(per&nbsp;major&nbsp;version)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Linux&nbsp;tends&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;more&nbsp;cutting-edge&nbsp;and&nbsp;trendy,&nbsp;and&nbsp;tends&nbsp;to&nbsp;work&nbsp;with&nbsp;more&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>hardware&nbsp;(to&nbsp;some&nbsp;degree),&nbsp;partly&nbsp;because&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;&quot;arrangements&quot;&nbsp;made&nbsp;with&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>vendors.&nbsp;&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;requires&nbsp;that&nbsp;source&nbsp;code&nbsp;be&nbsp;freely&nbsp;obtainable&nbsp;for&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>(nearly?)&nbsp;all&nbsp;it's&nbsp;parts,&nbsp;which&nbsp;scares&nbsp;some&nbsp;vendors&nbsp;into&nbsp;not&nbsp;cooperating,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>or&nbsp;at&nbsp;least&nbsp;not&nbsp;as&nbsp;well.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;that&nbsp;_is_&nbsp;supported&nbsp;tends&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;done&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>pretty&nbsp;robustly.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Linux&nbsp;is&nbsp;snappier&nbsp;for&nbsp;low-user-count&nbsp;systems,&nbsp;depending&nbsp;on&nbsp;what&nbsp;you're&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>trying&nbsp;to&nbsp;do.&nbsp;&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;tends&nbsp;to&nbsp;shine&nbsp;under&nbsp;real&nbsp;load&nbsp;(like&nbsp;WWW/FTP&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>servers),&nbsp;and&nbsp;I&nbsp;don't&nbsp;really&nbsp;know&nbsp;if&nbsp;any&nbsp;major&nbsp;sites&nbsp;base&nbsp;such&nbsp;Internet&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>services&nbsp;on&nbsp;Linux;&nbsp;quite&nbsp;a&nbsp;few&nbsp;seem&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;using&nbsp;FreeBSD,&nbsp;particularly&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>Walnut&nbsp;Creek&nbsp;CDROM,&nbsp;which&nbsp;carries&nbsp;quite&nbsp;a&nbsp;load&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;consistent&nbsp;basis.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>There&nbsp;are&nbsp;far&nbsp;more&nbsp;books&nbsp;on&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;than&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;per&nbsp;se,&nbsp;something&nbsp;I&nbsp;draw&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>conclusions&nbsp;on.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;support&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;list(s)&nbsp;is&nbsp;something&nbsp;I&nbsp;haven't&nbsp;any&nbsp;personal&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>experience&nbsp;with;&nbsp;the&nbsp;support&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;lists&nbsp;is&nbsp;exemplary.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>[opinions&nbsp;off]&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Please&nbsp;correct&nbsp;any&nbsp;sins&nbsp;of&nbsp;commission&nbsp;and&nbsp;ommission&nbsp;you&nbsp;find&nbsp;above;&nbsp;I&nbsp;don't&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>do&nbsp;this&nbsp;often&nbsp;enough&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;any&nbsp;good&nbsp;at&nbsp;it.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>your&nbsp;mileage&nbsp;may&nbsp;vary,&nbsp;and&nbsp;best&nbsp;wishes,&nbsp;<BR>larry&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>--&nbsp;<BR>Kanzaki&nbsp;Hitomi&nbsp;&lt;---&gt;&nbsp;Van&nbsp;Fanel&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Tenku&nbsp;no&nbsp;Escaflowne&nbsp;<BR>Ayanami&nbsp;Rei&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;---&gt;&nbsp;Ikari&nbsp;Shinji&nbsp;&nbsp;Shin&nbsp;seiki&nbsp;Evangelion&nbsp;<BR>Tamahome&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;---&gt;&nbsp;Miaka&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fushigi&nbsp;Yuugi&nbsp;<BR>dream&nbsp;lovers....&nbsp;Fansubber&nbsp;wanna-be&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>※&nbsp;来源:·BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;bbs.net.tsinghua.edu.cn·[FROM:&nbsp;attila.stevens-]&nbsp;<BR>发信人:&nbsp;ayanami&nbsp;(Kanzaki&nbsp;Hitomi),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;bsd&nbsp;vs&nbsp;linux&nbsp;III&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;(Wed&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;14:49:57&nbsp;1997)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Subject:&nbsp;linux&nbsp;vs&nbsp;freebsd&nbsp;testimonial&nbsp;<BR>
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