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📁 一份很好的linux入门资料
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<TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人:&nbsp;mephisto&nbsp;(鬼呀!),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;如何玩声卡和网卡。&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;(Mon&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;&nbsp;7&nbsp;01:36:33&nbsp;1998)&nbsp;<BR>很对不起，&nbsp;我的中文敲得太慢。后面全用英文了。&nbsp;<BR>我看了一下本版大多数文提都是网卡声卡地问题。我总结一下三板斧吧。&nbsp;<BR>1。确定芯片类型.找出对应地module.&nbsp;grep&nbsp;the&nbsp;source&nbsp;tree&nbsp;if&nbsp;needed.&nbsp;<BR>e.g.:&nbsp;I&nbsp;can&nbsp;read&nbsp;ESS-1688&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;chip&nbsp;of&nbsp;that&nbsp;card.&nbsp;So&nbsp;<BR>cd&nbsp;/usr/src/linux/driver/sound&nbsp;<BR>grep&nbsp;ESS&nbsp;*.c&nbsp;<BR>grep&nbsp;1688&nbsp;*.c&nbsp;<BR>you&nbsp;will&nbsp;locate&nbsp;the&nbsp;sb.c,&nbsp;so&nbsp;sb.o&nbsp;will&nbsp;respone&nbsp;for&nbsp;it.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>2.&nbsp;Try&nbsp;to&nbsp;get&nbsp;the&nbsp;io&nbsp;address&nbsp;and&nbsp;irq&nbsp;for&nbsp;your&nbsp;card.&nbsp;<BR>Some&nbsp;pci&nbsp;card&nbsp;will&nbsp;have&nbsp;some&nbsp;problem&nbsp;if&nbsp;the&nbsp;BIOS&nbsp;pic&nbsp;setion&nbsp;did&nbsp;not&nbsp;set&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>correctly.&nbsp;Watch&nbsp;clearly&nbsp;when&nbsp;it&nbsp;boot,&nbsp;most&nbsp;Pentium&nbsp;board&nbsp;will&nbsp;report&nbsp;<BR>which&nbsp;irq&nbsp;the&nbsp;card&nbsp;was&nbsp;using.&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;io&nbsp;address&nbsp;is&nbsp;more&nbsp;important&nbsp;than&nbsp;the&nbsp;irq.&nbsp;Most&nbsp;card&nbsp;can&nbsp;auto&nbsp;detect&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;irq&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;set&nbsp;the&nbsp;base&nbsp;io&nbsp;addess&nbsp;correctly.&nbsp;You&nbsp;can&nbsp;copy&nbsp;the&nbsp;io&nbsp;from&nbsp;<BR>windows&nbsp;setting&nbsp;if&nbsp;the&nbsp;card&nbsp;was&nbsp;not&nbsp;a&nbsp;pnp&nbsp;one.&nbsp;Pnp&nbsp;one&nbsp;will&nbsp;have&nbsp;some&nbsp;extra&nbsp;<BR>work&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;with&nbsp;it.&nbsp;There&nbsp;are&nbsp;some&nbsp;pnp&nbsp;package&nbsp;to&nbsp;set&nbsp;the&nbsp;io&nbsp;and&nbsp;irq.&nbsp;<BR>In&nbsp;TurboLinux&nbsp;it&nbsp;was&nbsp;&quot;turbopnpcfg&quot;.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>3.&nbsp;Try&nbsp;to&nbsp;install&nbsp;it.&nbsp;<BR>You&nbsp;did&nbsp;not&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;recompile&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;time.&nbsp;By&nbsp;default,&nbsp;Redhat&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;TurboLinux&nbsp;have&nbsp;already&nbsp;set&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;thing&nbsp;in&nbsp;module&nbsp;correctly.&nbsp;Just&nbsp;<BR>go&nbsp;to&nbsp;/lib/modules/2.0.X/...&nbsp;to&nbsp;find&nbsp;your&nbsp;module.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;do&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;things&nbsp;<BR>right&nbsp;and&nbsp;you&nbsp;can't&nbsp;install&nbsp;the&nbsp;module.&nbsp;Recompile&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;will&nbsp;not&nbsp;help&nbsp;<BR>you,&nbsp;just&nbsp;make&nbsp;it&nbsp;worse.&nbsp;<BR>Some&nbsp;useful&nbsp;files&nbsp;and&nbsp;command:&nbsp;<BR>lsmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;to&nbsp;watch&nbsp;which&nbsp;modules&nbsp;have&nbsp;been&nbsp;installed.&nbsp;<BR>ksyms&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;to&nbsp;watch&nbsp;which&nbsp;symbles&nbsp;have&nbsp;been&nbsp;exported&nbsp;in&nbsp;module&nbsp;or&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;<BR>rmmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;to&nbsp;remove&nbsp;the&nbsp;module.&nbsp;This&nbsp;will&nbsp;fail&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;using&nbsp;this&nbsp;mod&nbsp;<BR>insmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;This&nbsp;one&nbsp;will&nbsp;try&nbsp;to&nbsp;install&nbsp;the&nbsp;module&nbsp;<BR>modprobe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;Also&nbsp;try&nbsp;to&nbsp;install&nbsp;the&nbsp;module&nbsp;<BR>//&nbsp;The&nbsp;modprobe&nbsp;do&nbsp;more&nbsp;works&nbsp;than&nbsp;insmod.&nbsp;modprobe&nbsp;will&nbsp;try&nbsp;to&nbsp;probe&nbsp;some&nbsp;<BR>//&nbsp;io&nbsp;address&nbsp;by&nbsp;default.&nbsp;But&nbsp;insmod&nbsp;just&nbsp;works&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;io&nbsp;address&nbsp;you&nbsp;give&nbsp;<BR>//&nbsp;it.&nbsp;And&nbsp;modprobe&nbsp;will&nbsp;try&nbsp;to&nbsp;install&nbsp;other&nbsp;module&nbsp;which&nbsp;was&nbsp;needed&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>//&nbsp;one&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;installing.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>//&nbsp;e.g.&nbsp;:&nbsp;<BR>&quot;modprobe&nbsp;ne&quot;&nbsp;will&nbsp;auto&nbsp;load&nbsp;&quot;8295.o&quot;&nbsp;(&nbsp;I&nbsp;am&nbsp;not&nbsp;sure&nbsp;about&nbsp;the&nbsp;name)&nbsp;<BR>but&nbsp;&quot;insmod&nbsp;ne&quot;&nbsp;will&nbsp;report&nbsp;:&nbsp;(if&nbsp;did&nbsp;not&nbsp;install&nbsp;8295.o&nbsp;before)&nbsp;<BR>xxxx&nbsp;symble&nbsp;not&nbsp;found.&nbsp;<BR>XXXX&nbsp;symble&nbsp;not&nbsp;found.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>You&nbsp;will&nbsp;like&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;modeprobe&nbsp;than&nbsp;insmod.&nbsp;Sometime&nbsp;modprobe&nbsp;will&nbsp;do&nbsp;<BR>something&nbsp;overhead&nbsp;and&nbsp;make&nbsp;something&nbsp;wrong,&nbsp;but&nbsp;it&nbsp;seldom&nbsp;happen.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>4.&nbsp;How&nbsp;to&nbsp;know&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;installed&nbsp;your&nbsp;module&nbsp;correctly.&nbsp;<BR>Try&nbsp;to&nbsp;cat&nbsp;those&nbsp;files:&nbsp;<BR>/proc/io*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;find&nbsp;your&nbsp;card&nbsp;list&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;file,&nbsp;<BR>/proc/int*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;your&nbsp;card&nbsp;is&nbsp;very&nbsp;possbile&nbsp;working&nbsp;now.&nbsp;<BR>for&nbsp;the&nbsp;sound&nbsp;card&nbsp;(ISA):&nbsp;<BR>/dev/sndstat&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;will&nbsp;report&nbsp;the&nbsp;sound&nbsp;device&nbsp;state&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//&nbsp;did&nbsp;not&nbsp;work&nbsp;for&nbsp;PCI&nbsp;cards.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>5.&nbsp;PCI&nbsp;device&nbsp;<BR>Most&nbsp;pci&nbsp;device&nbsp;donot&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;give&nbsp;the&nbsp;io&nbsp;address&nbsp;and&nbsp;irq.&nbsp;The&nbsp;module&nbsp;<BR>can&nbsp;read&nbsp;this&nbsp;infomation&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;PCI&nbsp;configure&nbsp;space.&nbsp;But&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;cat&nbsp;<BR>/proc/pci&nbsp;<BR>to&nbsp;find&nbsp;your&nbsp;card.&nbsp;It&nbsp;might&nbsp;give&nbsp;some&nbsp;hits&nbsp;which&nbsp;module&nbsp;should&nbsp;you&nbsp;use.&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;pci&nbsp;file&nbsp;know&nbsp;about&nbsp;your&nbsp;card&nbsp;did&nbsp;not&nbsp;mean&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;can&nbsp;support&nbsp;it.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>--&nbsp;<BR>约塞连怀疑地摇了摇头,拒绝接受丹比的劝告.&quot;当我抬起来时,我看到人们全在设法赚钱.我&nbsp;<BR>看不见天堂,看不见圣人,也看不见天使.我只看见人们利用每一次正当的冲动和每一场人类&nbsp;<BR>的悲剧大把大把地捞钱.&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>※&nbsp;修改:·mephisto&nbsp;於&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;&nbsp;7&nbsp;01:39:33&nbsp;修改本文·[FROM:&nbsp;ab1-84.bjnet.ed]&nbsp;<BR>※&nbsp;来源:·BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;bbs.net.tsinghua.edu.cn·[FROM:&nbsp;ab1-84.bjnet.ed]&nbsp;<BR><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER></BODY></HTML>
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