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The type field specifies what type of data is in the RR. See <BR> the section on types. <BR> <BR> <data> <BR> <BR> The data field is defined differently for each type and class <BR> of data. Popular RR data formats are described later. <BR> <BR> The domain system does not guarantee to preserve the order of <BR> resource records. Listing RRs (such as multiple address records) in <BR> a certain order does not guarantee they will be used in that order. <BR> <BR> Case is preserved in names and data fields when loaded into the name <BR> server. All comparisons and lookups in the name server are case <BR> insensitive. <BR> <BR> Parenthesis ("(",")") are used to group data that crosses a line <BR> boundary. <BR> <BR> A semicolon (";") starts a comment; the remainder of the line is <BR> ignored. <BR> <BR> The asterisk ("*") is used for wildcarding. <BR> <BR> The at-sign ("@") denotes the current default domain name. <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR>Lottor [Page 3] <BR> <BR>RFC 1033 DOMAIN OPERATIONS GUIDE November 1987 <BR> <BR> <BR>NAMES <BR> <BR> A domain name is a sequence of labels separated by dots. <BR> <BR> Domain names in the zone files can be one of two types, either <BR> absolute or relative. An absolute name is the fully qualified domain <BR> name and is terminated with a period. A relative name does not <BR> terminate with a period, and the current default domain is appended <BR> to it. The default domain is usually the name of the domain that was <BR> specified in the boot file that loads each zone. <BR> <BR> The domain system allows a label to contain any 8-bit character. <BR> Although the domain system has no restrictions, other protocols such <BR> as SMTP do have name restrictions. Because of other protocol <BR> restrictions, only the following characters are recommended for use <BR> in a host name (besides the dot separator): <BR> <BR> "A-Z", "a-z", "0-9", dash and underscore <BR> <BR>TTL's (Time To Live) <BR> <BR> It is important that TTLs are set to appropriate values. The TTL is <BR> the time (in seconds) that a resolver will use the data it got from <BR> your server before it asks your server again. If you set the value <BR> too low, your server will get loaded down with lots of repeat <BR> requests. If you set it too high, then information you change will <BR> not get distributed in a reasonable amount of time. If you leave the <BR> TTL field blank, it will default to what is specified in the SOA <BR> record for the zone. <BR> <BR> Most host information does not change much over long time periods. A <BR> good way to set up your TTLs would be to set them at a high value, <BR> and then lower the value if you know a change will be coming soon. <BR> You might set most TTLs to anywhere between a day (86400) and a week <BR> (604800). Then, if you know some data will be changing in the near <BR> future, set the TTL for that RR down to a lower value (an hour to a <BR> day) until the change takes place, and then put it back up to its <BR> previous value. <BR> <BR> Also, all RRs with the same name, class, and type should have the <BR> same TTL value. <BR> <BR>CLASSES <BR> <BR> The domain system was designed to be protocol independent. The class <BR> field is used to identify the protocol group that each RR is in. <BR> <BR> The class of interest to people using TCP/IP software is the class <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR>Lottor [Page 4] <BR> <BR>RFC 1033 DOMAIN OPERATIONS GUIDE November 1987 <BR> <BR> <BR> "Internet". Its standard designation is "IN". <BR> <BR> A zone file should only contain RRs of the same class. <BR> <BR>TYPES <BR> <BR> There are many defined RR types. For a complete list, see the domain <BR> specification RFCs. Here is a list of current commonly used types. <BR> The data for each type is described in the data section. <BR> <BR> Designation Description <BR> ========================================== <BR> SOA Start Of Authority <BR> NS Name Server <BR> <BR> A Internet Address <BR> CNAME Canonical Name (nickname pointer) <BR> HINFO Host Information <BR> WKS Well Known Services <BR> <BR> MX Mail Exchanger <BR> <BR> PTR Pointer <BR> <BR>SOA (Start Of Authority) <BR> <BR> <name> [<ttl>] [<class>] SOA <origin> <person> ( <BR> <serial> <BR> <refresh> <BR> <retry> <BR> <expire> <BR> <minimum> ) <BR> <BR> The Start Of Authority record designates the start of a zone. The <BR> zone ends at the next SOA record. <BR> <BR> <name> is the name of the zone. <BR> <BR> <origin> is the name of the host on which the master zone file <BR> resides. <BR> <BR> <person> is a mailbox for the person responsible for the zone. It is <BR> formatted like a mailing address but the at-sign that normally <BR> separates the user from the host name is replaced with a dot. <BR> <BR> <serial> is the version number of the zone file. It should be <BR>
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