00000062.htm

一份很好的linux入门资料

Below&nbsp;the&nbsp;dialog&nbsp;box&nbsp;where&nbsp;you&nbsp;chose&nbsp;&quot;Everything&quot;,&nbsp;there&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;another&nbsp;box&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
with&nbsp;the&nbsp;phrase&nbsp;&quot;Choose&nbsp;individual&nbsp;packages.&quot;
&nbsp;<BR>
Select&nbsp;it.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
You&nbsp;will&nbsp;then&nbsp;be&nbsp;taken&nbsp;to&nbsp;another&nbsp;dialog&nbsp;box&nbsp;listing&nbsp;the&nbsp;categories&nbsp;of&nbsp;all&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
the&nbsp;software&nbsp;that&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;installed&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;system.&nbsp;Scroll
&nbsp;<BR>
down&nbsp;to&nbsp;Documentation.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
For&nbsp;some&nbsp;reason&nbsp;RedHat&nbsp;wants&nbsp;to&nbsp;install&nbsp;the&nbsp;How-To's&nbsp;and&nbsp;things&nbsp;in&nbsp;every&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
format&nbsp;known&nbsp;to&nbsp;man,&nbsp;and&nbsp;in&nbsp;every&nbsp;language&nbsp;spoken
&nbsp;<BR>
by&nbsp;man.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Choose&nbsp;the&nbsp;text&nbsp;format&nbsp;and&nbsp;html&nbsp;format&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;documents.&nbsp;The&nbsp;one&nbsp;exception&nbsp;to&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
this&nbsp;is&nbsp;if&nbsp;for&nbsp;whatever&nbsp;reason,&nbsp;you&nbsp;would&nbsp;find&nbsp;it
&nbsp;<BR>
useful&nbsp;to&nbsp;have&nbsp;these&nbsp;documents&nbsp;in&nbsp;another&nbsp;language,&nbsp;in&nbsp;which&nbsp;case&nbsp;you&nbsp;should&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
select&nbsp;the&nbsp;appropriate&nbsp;language&nbsp;desired&nbsp;as&nbsp;well.
&nbsp;<BR>
When&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;finished,&nbsp;select&nbsp;done.&nbsp;This&nbsp;will&nbsp;save&nbsp;you&nbsp;a&nbsp;significant&nbsp;amount&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
of&nbsp;disk&nbsp;space.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Common&nbsp;to&nbsp;both&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;distributions,&nbsp;the&nbsp;following&nbsp;tasks&nbsp;are&nbsp;ones&nbsp;you&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
perform&nbsp;regardless&nbsp;of&nbsp;which&nbsp;distribution&nbsp;you&nbsp;use:&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
1.&nbsp;Creating&nbsp;boot&nbsp;and&nbsp;rescue&nbsp;disks.
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Slackware:&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Toward&nbsp;the&nbsp;end&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;installation&nbsp;process,&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;asked&nbsp;to&nbsp;configure&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
your&nbsp;new&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;system.&nbsp;I&nbsp;strongly&nbsp;recommend&nbsp;making
&nbsp;<BR>
both&nbsp;a&nbsp;lilo&nbsp;bootdisk,&nbsp;and&nbsp;a&nbsp;default,&nbsp;or&nbsp;vmlinuz&nbsp;bootdisk&nbsp;for&nbsp;your&nbsp;new&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
machine,&nbsp;and&nbsp;choosing&nbsp;NO&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;install&nbsp;LILO&nbsp;option.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
RedHat:&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Toward&nbsp;the&nbsp;end&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;installation,&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;asked&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;make&nbsp;a&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
boot&nbsp;disk.&nbsp;Answer&nbsp;yes.&nbsp;Make&nbsp;several.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
If&nbsp;prompted&nbsp;to&nbsp;configure&nbsp;either&nbsp;X&nbsp;windows,&nbsp;or&nbsp;your&nbsp;networking,&nbsp;answer&nbsp;no.&nbsp;If&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
you&nbsp;are&nbsp;forced&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;either&nbsp;of&nbsp;these&nbsp;things&nbsp;for&nbsp;X,
&nbsp;<BR>
accept&nbsp;the&nbsp;defaults.&nbsp;For&nbsp;networking,&nbsp;if&nbsp;asked&nbsp;for&nbsp;a&nbsp;network&nbsp;address,&nbsp;use&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
127.0.0.1,&nbsp;or&nbsp;choose&nbsp;the&nbsp;&quot;loopback&quot;&nbsp;option&nbsp;if&nbsp;available.
&nbsp;<BR>
We&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;configuring&nbsp;these&nbsp;things&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;next&nbsp;installment.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
2.&nbsp;Logging&nbsp;in&nbsp;as&nbsp;root&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;first&nbsp;time&nbsp;and&nbsp;creating&nbsp;a&nbsp;user&nbsp;account&nbsp;for&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
yourself.
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
While&nbsp;there&nbsp;are&nbsp;times&nbsp;when&nbsp;it&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;useful&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;logged&nbsp;into&nbsp;your&nbsp;system&nbsp;as&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
root,&nbsp;most&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;time,&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;logged&nbsp;in&nbsp;to
&nbsp;<BR>
your&nbsp;own&nbsp;account&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;machine.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
There&nbsp;are&nbsp;many&nbsp;reasons&nbsp;for&nbsp;this,&nbsp;not&nbsp;the&nbsp;least&nbsp;of&nbsp;which&nbsp;is&nbsp;that&nbsp;when&nbsp;logged&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
in&nbsp;as&nbsp;yourself,&nbsp;just&nbsp;about&nbsp;the&nbsp;worst&nbsp;thing&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;do&nbsp;is
&nbsp;<BR>
screw&nbsp;up&nbsp;your&nbsp;own&nbsp;account.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
However,&nbsp;when&nbsp;logged&nbsp;in&nbsp;as&nbsp;root,&nbsp;most&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;safeguards&nbsp;built&nbsp;into&nbsp;the&nbsp;system&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
go&nbsp;away.&nbsp;You&nbsp;can&nbsp;do&nbsp;anything,&nbsp;even&nbsp;things&nbsp;you
&nbsp;<BR>
should&nbsp;not&nbsp;do.&nbsp;Like&nbsp;hose&nbsp;the&nbsp;entire&nbsp;filesystem.&nbsp;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;both&nbsp;the&nbsp;strength,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
and&nbsp;the&nbsp;weakness&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;superuser&nbsp;account.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Treat&nbsp;it&nbsp;like&nbsp;a&nbsp;loaded&nbsp;gun.&nbsp;Don't&nbsp;pull&nbsp;it&nbsp;out&nbsp;unless&nbsp;you&nbsp;mean&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;it.&nbsp;If&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
you&nbsp;mean&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;it&nbsp;make&nbsp;sure&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;clear&nbsp;target&nbsp;and
&nbsp;<BR>
put&nbsp;it&nbsp;right&nbsp;back&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;holster&nbsp;as&nbsp;soon&nbsp;as&nbsp;you're&nbsp;done.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Now&nbsp;that&nbsp;I&nbsp;hope&nbsp;I've&nbsp;properly&nbsp;scared&nbsp;you,&nbsp;here's&nbsp;what&nbsp;you&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;do:&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Login&nbsp;as&nbsp;root.&nbsp;Then&nbsp;create&nbsp;a&nbsp;user&nbsp;account&nbsp;for&nbsp;yourself:&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>
adduser&nbsp;rjenkins&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
You&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;asked&nbsp;a&nbsp;series&nbsp;of&nbsp;questions.&nbsp;You&nbsp;can&nbsp;safely&nbsp;press&nbsp;enter&nbsp;to&nbsp;accept&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
the&nbsp;defaults&nbsp;for&nbsp;these&nbsp;things.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
3.&nbsp;Selecting&nbsp;and&nbsp;entering&nbsp;your&nbsp;root&nbsp;and&nbsp;personal&nbsp;user&nbsp;account&nbsp;passwords.
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Now&nbsp;you&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;password&nbsp;protect&nbsp;the&nbsp;root&nbsp;account&nbsp;and&nbsp;your&nbsp;user&nbsp;account.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
Logged&nbsp;in&nbsp;as&nbsp;root,&nbsp;use&nbsp;the&nbsp;passwd&nbsp;command&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;this
&nbsp;<BR>
for&nbsp;both&nbsp;the&nbsp;root&nbsp;or&nbsp;superuser&nbsp;account,&nbsp;and&nbsp;your&nbsp;personal&nbsp;account.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>
passwd&nbsp;root&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
And&nbsp;then&nbsp;your&nbsp;user&nbsp;account:&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>
passwd&nbsp;rjenkins&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
A&nbsp;short&nbsp;comment&nbsp;on&nbsp;password&nbsp;selection&nbsp;and&nbsp;security.&nbsp;Good&nbsp;password&nbsp;discipline&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
is&nbsp;very&nbsp;important,&nbsp;whether&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;connected&nbsp;to&nbsp;a
&nbsp;<BR>
network&nbsp;or&nbsp;not.&nbsp;Briefly,&nbsp;here&nbsp;are&nbsp;a&nbsp;few&nbsp;guidelines:&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Choose&nbsp;something&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;easily&nbsp;remember,&nbsp;say&nbsp;kibble.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Now,&nbsp;add&nbsp;a&nbsp;punctuation&nbsp;mark&nbsp;and&nbsp;a&nbsp;number&nbsp;to&nbsp;it,&nbsp;say&nbsp;?kibble4.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Finally,&nbsp;for&nbsp;best&nbsp;security,&nbsp;a&nbsp;neat&nbsp;trick&nbsp;is&nbsp;to&nbsp;take&nbsp;the&nbsp;word&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;remember&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
easily,&nbsp;in&nbsp;this&nbsp;case&nbsp;kibble,&nbsp;and&nbsp;for&nbsp;each&nbsp;letter&nbsp;in&nbsp;the
&nbsp;<BR>
word,&nbsp;move&nbsp;up&nbsp;one&nbsp;row&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;keyboard,&nbsp;and&nbsp;over&nbsp;either&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;left&nbsp;or&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
right.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
So&nbsp;for&nbsp;?kibble4&nbsp;if&nbsp;we&nbsp;move&nbsp;up&nbsp;and&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;left,&nbsp;we&nbsp;get:&nbsp;?u8ggi34.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
If&nbsp;we&nbsp;go&nbsp;up&nbsp;and&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;right&nbsp;we&nbsp;get:&nbsp;?o9hhp44.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
This&nbsp;is&nbsp;easy&nbsp;to&nbsp;remember,&nbsp;and&nbsp;will&nbsp;defeat&nbsp;all&nbsp;but&nbsp;the&nbsp;most&nbsp;sophisticated&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
password&nbsp;cracking&nbsp;programs.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Navigating&nbsp;the&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;system,&nbsp;and&nbsp;obtaining&nbsp;help&nbsp;and&nbsp;information&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
documentation.
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
The&nbsp;first&nbsp;thing&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;is&nbsp;learn&nbsp;how&nbsp;to&nbsp;navigate&nbsp;your&nbsp;system.&nbsp;You&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
will&nbsp;find&nbsp;a&nbsp;wealth&nbsp;of&nbsp;documentation&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;/usr/doc
&nbsp;<BR>
directory.&nbsp;In&nbsp;particular,&nbsp;look&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;/usr/doc/how-to&nbsp;directory,&nbsp;and&nbsp;check&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
out&nbsp;the&nbsp;installation&nbsp;and&nbsp;user's&nbsp;guide.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
If&nbsp;you&nbsp;purchased&nbsp;your&nbsp;CD&nbsp;bundled&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;book,&nbsp;make&nbsp;use&nbsp;of&nbsp;it.&nbsp;There&nbsp;should&nbsp;be&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
enough&nbsp;information&nbsp;there,&nbsp;or&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;doc&nbsp;directory
&nbsp;<BR>
to&nbsp;get&nbsp;you&nbsp;started.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
While&nbsp;the&nbsp;editors&nbsp;and&nbsp;document&nbsp;tools&nbsp;available&nbsp;will&nbsp;vary&nbsp;from&nbsp;distribution&nbsp;to&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
distribution,&nbsp;every&nbsp;distribution&nbsp;should&nbsp;have&nbsp;vi&nbsp;available.
&nbsp;<BR>
You&nbsp;will&nbsp;probably&nbsp;either&nbsp;learn&nbsp;to&nbsp;love&nbsp;or&nbsp;hate&nbsp;it.&nbsp;There&nbsp;does&nbsp;not&nbsp;seem&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
any&nbsp;middle&nbsp;ground,&nbsp;but&nbsp;I&nbsp;suggest&nbsp;you&nbsp;at&nbsp;least&nbsp;learn&nbsp;to
&nbsp;<BR>
use&nbsp;it,&nbsp;since&nbsp;it&nbsp;will&nbsp;allow&nbsp;you&nbsp;to&nbsp;plunk&nbsp;down&nbsp;at&nbsp;any&nbsp;Unix&nbsp;machine&nbsp;and&nbsp;use&nbsp;it.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Much&nbsp;abbreviated,&nbsp;here's&nbsp;a&nbsp;short&nbsp;list&nbsp;of&nbsp;relevant&nbsp;commands:&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
To&nbsp;open&nbsp;a&nbsp;file:
&nbsp;<BR>
vi&nbsp;filename&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
To&nbsp;insert&nbsp;text&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;file:
&nbsp;<BR>
Press&nbsp;the&nbsp;i&nbsp;key&nbsp;to&nbsp;enter&nbsp;insert&nbsp;mode,&nbsp;then&nbsp;enter&nbsp;your&nbsp;text.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
To&nbsp;write&nbsp;your&nbsp;changes&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;file:
&nbsp;<BR>
Press&nbsp;the&nbsp;escape&nbsp;&lt;Esc&gt;&nbsp;key,&nbsp;then&nbsp;:w&nbsp;&lt;:enter&gt;&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
To&nbsp;close&nbsp;a&nbsp;file:
&nbsp;<BR>
Press&nbsp;the&nbsp;escape&nbsp;&lt;Esc&gt;&nbsp;key,&nbsp;then&nbsp;:q&nbsp;&lt;enter&gt;&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
An&nbsp;even&nbsp;better&nbsp;option&nbsp;is&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;the&nbsp;Midnight&nbsp;Commander,&nbsp;if&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;available&nbsp;on&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
your&nbsp;system.&nbsp;Simply&nbsp;enter&nbsp;mc.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
It&nbsp;looks&nbsp;and&nbsp;acts&nbsp;a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;like&nbsp;the&nbsp;N*rton&nbsp;Commander,&nbsp;and&nbsp;makes&nbsp;an&nbsp;easy&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
transition&nbsp;for&nbsp;anyone&nbsp;who&nbsp;has&nbsp;used&nbsp;that&nbsp;program,&nbsp;or&nbsp;is
&nbsp;<BR>
familiar&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;DOSSHELL.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Well,&nbsp;that's&nbsp;about&nbsp;it&nbsp;for&nbsp;now,&nbsp;Congratulations!&nbsp;See,&nbsp;that&nbsp;wasn't&nbsp;so&nbsp;hard&nbsp;now&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
was&nbsp;it?&nbsp;In&nbsp;the&nbsp;next&nbsp;installment,&nbsp;we'll&nbsp;configure&nbsp;the&nbsp;X
&nbsp;<BR>
windowing&nbsp;system&nbsp;and&nbsp;your&nbsp;networking&nbsp;setup.&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Resources
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Software&nbsp;Manufacturers:
&nbsp;<BR>
RedHat&nbsp;Linux:&nbsp;<A HREF="http://www.redhat.com/">http://www.redhat.com/</A>&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>
Slackware:&nbsp;<A HREF="http://www.cdrom.com/">http://www.cdrom.com/</A>&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Third&nbsp;Party&nbsp;Distributors:
&nbsp;<BR>
<A HREF="http://www.cheapbytes.com">http://www.cheapbytes.com</A>&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>
<A HREF="http://www.linuxmall.com">http://www.linuxmall.com</A>&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>
<A HREF="http://www.infomagic.com/">http://www.infomagic.com/</A>&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>
<A HREF="http://www.cdrom.com">http://www.cdrom.com</A>&nbsp;
&nbsp;<BR>

&nbsp;<BR>
Local&nbsp;User&nbsp;Groups:
&nbsp;<BR>
Most&nbsp;areas&nbsp;have&nbsp;several&nbsp;local&nbsp;computer-oriented&nbsp;publications&nbsp;available.&nbsp;Have&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
a&nbsp;look&nbsp;for&nbsp;a&nbsp;local&nbsp;user&nbsp;group&nbsp;in&nbsp;your&nbsp;area.&nbsp;There&nbsp;are
&nbsp;<BR>
also&nbsp;list&nbsp;of&nbsp;user&nbsp;groups&nbsp;by&nbsp;area&nbsp;at&nbsp;<A HREF="http://www.ssc.com/glue/groups/">http://www.ssc.com/glue/groups/</A>&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
--&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;白马带著她一步步的回到中原。白马已经老了，只能慢慢的走，&nbsp;<BR>
但终是能回到中原的。江南有杨柳、桃花，有燕子、金鱼……&nbsp;<BR>
汉人中有的是英俊勇武的少年，倜傥潇洒的少年……但这个美&nbsp;<BR>
丽的姑娘就像古高昌国人那样固执:&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;「那都是很好很好的，可是我偏不喜欢。」&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
※&nbsp;来源:·BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;bbs.net.tsinghua.edu.cn·[FROM:&nbsp;202.99.18.67]&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>


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