📄 00000062.htm
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If you are on a Linux or Unix box, the command to get it done is:
<BR>
<BR>dd if=<your boot or root image> of=<where to write it to> bs=1440k
<BR>
<BR>So, if you are making a Slackware boot disk:
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>dd if=bare.i of=/dev/fd0 bs=1440k <:enter>
<BR>
<BR>For the root disk:
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>dd if=color.gz of=/dev/fd0 bs=1440k <enter>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>Okay, I've got the proper disk(s). Now what?
<BR>
<BR>Now insert the boot disk into your floppy drive and re-boot your machine.
<BR>
<BR>At this point, you will be prompted to login as root. After you login, you <BR>must partition your disk or disks to prepare the HDD for
<BR>formatting, and ultimately, the installation of your software.
<BR>
<BR>Linux requires at least two partitions for installation. You must have a <BR>partition for your root or top level directory to live in, and
<BR>you also need a partition for your swap file to live in.
<BR>
<BR>This is just a fancy way of saying you need at least one place on your hard <BR>drive to store your operating system, and one place on
<BR>your hard drive to be used as a temporary storage area for your operating <BR>system to put things that are not immediately needed.
<BR>
<BR>If you are familiar with a Windows based system, the root partition is the <BR>equivalent of your C:\ drive, and the swap file is the
<BR>equivalent of your pagefile.sys.
<BR>
<BR>Just as it is always a good idea on a Windows box to store your data on a <BR>separate device, apart from the operating system, the
<BR>same rule applies to Linux. This is why I urge you to have two HDD's in your <BR>Linux machine.
<BR>
<BR>Depending on which distribution you choose, the process required to create <BR>the necessary partitions will vary. Similarly, whether
<BR>you have one or two HDD's will also make the best partitioning scheme vary.
<BR>
<BR>Slackware:
<BR>
<BR>Use the cfdisk utility. It is fairly easy to understand, and has decent help. <BR>
<BR>
<BR>RedHat:
<BR>
<BR>You will probably want to use Disk Druid here.
<BR>
<BR>For a single disk system, I would suggest two partitions:
<BR>
<BR>One swap partition, between 16 and 32MB in size, depending on how much RAM <BR>you have in your machine. The utility you are
<BR>using, may or may not ask you to specify the hex code to tell Linux that this <BR>is a swap partition. If prompted for it, the proper code
<BR>is type 82.
<BR>
<BR>The rest of the disk should be partitioned as Linux native.
<BR>
<BR>Some might argue that there should be three partitions here, in case <BR>something goes wrong with the root partition, thus saving your
<BR>data. I have rarely seen a disk fail in just "spots", usually if a disk <BR>commits suicide it's an all or nothing kind of deal.
<BR>
<BR>I recommend two disks for precisely this sort of situation. The only time I <BR>have ever seen two disks fail at once was due to a
<BR>lightening strike, which smoked the whole machine.
<BR>
<BR>For a two disk system, I would suggest the following:
<BR>
<BR>On the primary or first HDD (usually called hda in most distributions:)
<BR>
<BR>Create two partitions, as stated above.
<BR>
<BR>On the second HDD or secondary IDE interface:
<BR>
<BR>Another swap partition of 16 or 32MB as above.
<BR>
<BR>The rest of the drive should be partitioned Linux native.
<BR>
<BR>After partitioning the disk or disks, you will be prompted to format them.
<BR>
<BR>Depending on the distribution used, at some point you will be asked where you <BR>want the Linux native partition or partitions to be
<BR>mounted. This simply is asking you where in the filesystem hierarchy each <BR>formatted partition should reside.
<BR>
<BR>For single disk systems, mount your single Linux native partition as your <BR>root, or / partition.
<BR>
<BR>For two disk systems, mount your first disk as described above, then mount <BR>the Linux native partition on your second drive as your
<BR>/home directory. This will be where all of your user specific information and <BR>files will be stored, thus preventing an OS failure from
<BR>taking all your hard work and critical data with it.
<BR>
<BR>THIS IS INTENDED TO COMPLEMENT, NOT REPLACE A DILIGENT, REGULAR BACKUP <BR>SCHEME. I CAN'T
<BR>STRESS ENOUGH THE IMPORTANCE OF REGULAR, RELIABLE BACKUPS.
<BR>
<BR>If I seem to be a bit paranoid about backups, I proudly state that I am. I <BR>cannot begin to count the times my clients, friends and
<BR>coworkers have snickered, giggled, and laughed outright when I talk about <BR>this. I am a constant source of jokes and entertainment
<BR>for them. Until something goes wrong. Then I am suddenly a savior to them.
<BR>
<BR>By the way, when something like this happens to you, and it will, when all <BR>the suits are sweating bullets, and looking to you like
<BR>Moses with the backup tablets in each hand, this is a great time for salary <BR>negotiation.
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>Well, I've got the partitions made, and my disks are hungry for 1's and 0's. <BR>What are my options
<BR>for installation, and what programs do I really need?
<BR>
<BR>You have, with one notable exception, four possible choices for your Linux <BR>installation. I will list them in order, from the smallest to
<BR>the largest. EXCEPTION - Option one, running directly off of the CD-ROM is <BR>not available with the RedHat Distribution.
<BR>
<BR>1. Running directly off of the CD-ROM, called a "live" filesystem.
<BR>
<BR>This is the best option for just trying out Linux with a minimum impact to <BR>your present system. Performance will be degraded,
<BR>particularly if you have a slow CD-ROM. This is the ONLY option I can safely <BR>recommend if you are not doing this on a machine
<BR>other than your primary system.
<BR>
<BR>The exact actions required to accomplish this will vary between the <BR>distributions, but will be called something like "run from
<BR>CD-ROM", or "run from live filesystem"
<BR>
<BR>2. A minimal, or base installation, with just enough stuff to get you up and <BR>running.
<BR>
<BR>Slackware:
<BR>
<BR>Select the following disk series:
<BR>A
<BR>AP (optional)
<BR>
<BR>RedHat:
<BR>
<BR>You can safely accept the defaults. (Not much choice here, accept the <BR>default, or it won't boot. You will be assimilated ;-).
<BR>
<BR>3. A well rounded installation, consisting of the base stuff, plus some <BR>productivity, network, and development tools
<BR>
<BR>Slackware:
<BR>
<BR>Select the following disk series:
<BR>A
<BR>AP
<BR>F
<BR>D
<BR>N
<BR>X
<BR>XAP
<BR>
<BR>RedHat:
<BR>
<BR>To the default selections, add:
<BR>
<BR>X applications
<BR>Development tools
<BR>
<BR>4. The entire distribution, sometimes called the "let's see how much this <BR>sucker can take" installation.
<BR>
<BR>Slackware:
<BR>
<BR>Select the top option, "complete installation"
<BR>
<BR>RedHat:
<BR>
<BR>Select the "Everything" option.
<BR>
<BR>A couple of suggestions concerning the everything install:
<BR>
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