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<HTML><HEAD> <TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人: reden (鱼 ～ 君子律己以利人), 信区: Linux <BR>标 题: Linux Installation Primer <BR>发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Mon Oct 5 00:06:48 1998) WWW-POST <BR> <BR>"Linux Gazette...making Linux just a little more fun!"
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR> Linux Installation Primer
<BR>
<BR> By Ron Jenkins
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>You've heard all the hype, and decided to find out what this "Linux" thing is <BR>all about. Or maybe you need a low cost alternative to
<BR>one of the commercial operating systems. Perhaps you need an easy way to <BR>connect diverse systems and let them all
<BR>communicate with each other..tomorrow.. or you'll be encouraged to "seek new <BR>employment challenges." In any case, you have a
<BR>problem that needs a solution, or a curiosity that needs to be satisfied. <BR>Well, you have come to the right place. Join me as we take
<BR>a journey into the exciting world of the Linux operating system. Please keep <BR>your hands inside the car at all times, and remain in
<BR>your seat.
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>What the heck is Linux anyway?
<BR>
<BR>Linux is a freely distributable version of Unix developed by Linus Torvalds <BR>and thousands of other programmers scattered all over
<BR>the world. What started as a hacker's system, designed primarily for the <BR>technically adept, has now evolved in to a viable, stable
<BR>operating system with a robust set of applications and tools making it <BR>suitable for both personal and mission critical commercial
<BR>use.
<BR>
<BR>In just the past six months Linux growth has undergone an exponential <BR>expansion. Every day Linux gains more and more press
<BR>and exposure. Many commercial vendors are announcing support, or ports of <BR>their products to the Linux operating system. I saw
<BR>just the other day that Oracle and Informix, both major players in the Unix <BR>database world, have ports to Linux underway.
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>Well, that's fine and dandy, but what does it mean to me?
<BR>
<BR>This is incredibly significant, not just to the techno-geeks (yes, that's me) <BR>but to the entire spectrum of computer users. One of the
<BR>benchmarks of the commercial viability of any product is the support of the <BR>application vendors.
<BR>
<BR>While it's great fun for me to write my own programs and applications, most <BR>people just need to get some work done, on time, as
<BR>easily as possible. Or perhaps you want to surf the net for entertainment, or <BR>playing games. Without the "killer apps", an operating
<BR>system is doomed commercially.
<BR>
<BR>What this all means to you is never before has there been an operating <BR>system, with a robust set of applications and development
<BR>tools, available for little or no cost, other than the "sweat equity" <BR>required to learn to use it effectively.
<BR>
<BR>An additional point to consider is that as you progress in your Linux <BR>education you are also increasing your skill level and,
<BR>ultimately, your worth in the marketplace.
<BR>
<BR>One of the strengths of Linux is that you have the power to choose the depth <BR>of knowledge required to accomplish your tasks.
<BR>Want to just bang out a document or two, or play games? You can. Want to surf <BR>the Internet and exchange e-mail with your
<BR>friends and coworker's? No problem. Want to learn to program in a variety of <BR>different languages? Go ahead.
<BR>
<BR>The point here is Linux can do all these things, and much more. Additionally, <BR>with Linux, you are not required to fork over more
<BR>money for each function you want to add.
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>Okay. That sounds great, but I've heard that Unix is difficult to configure, <BR>hard to install, only for
<BR>the pocket protector crowd, etc.
<BR>
<BR>While this was the case at one time, here and now, in 1998, it's simply not <BR>true. Major advancements have been made in the
<BR>installation and configuration process, and in most cases Linux is no more <BR>difficult to install than any other operating system. With
<BR>the advent of package managers, Graphical User Interfaces, and "smart" <BR>probing of your system's components, installation has
<BR>become largely a moot issue.
<BR>
<BR>The truth is, you could not have picked a better time to join the Linux <BR>world. Granted, once you get to networking issues, there is
<BR>more to it in a Unix machine than a Windows box, but with the new <BR>configuration utilities, combined with an intuitive, easy to
<BR>understand process, I firmly feel that Linux is about as easy to configure as <BR>Windows.
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>Well, if you say so, but if Linux is not a commercial product, where do I go <BR>if I get in trouble?
<BR>
<BR>Luckily, there are commercial distributions of Linux available, as well as <BR>commercial support contractors who will be happy to help
<BR>you out. And usually for quite a bit less than the people in Redmond, and the <BR>Linux vendors actually answer the phone. And call
<BR>you back.
<BR>
<BR>Now I'm going to tell you about Linux's secret weapon. Remember, those <BR>thousands of people I mentioned before? Well, there is
<BR>a virtual universe, populated with people who are ready, willing, and able to <BR>help you out. You will find them on USENET,
<BR>commonly called newsgroups, on Internet Relay Chat, commonly called IRC and <BR>in your local area, in the form of Linux User's
<BR>Groups. As a matter of fact, this free noncommercial group of people have <BR>made such an impact on the end user community, that
<BR>in an unprecedented move, Infoworld magazine named the Linux support <BR>community as a whole, as the 1997 Product of the Year!
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>Okay, that all sounds good, but I've got an old 486 DX2/66 that's real slow. <BR>Would Linux do me
<BR>any good?
<BR>
<BR>The answer is a resounding yes! Linux will run on anything from a diskless <BR>workstation, to an XT, to the latest whizbang
<BR>hardware. As a matter of fact, I've used these machines for everything from <BR>routers to web servers, from dialup servers to file
<BR>servers. I currently run 2 486 66's as my backup DNS machines, each hosting <BR>multiple zones.
<BR>
<BR>This is another one of Linux's strengths. The ability to take "obsolete" <BR>machines and do great things with them. This is a great low
<BR>cost method for nonprofit organizations, and cost conscious organizations to <BR>squeeze extra value from "old" machines.
<BR>
<BR>The one exception to this is your video subsystem. X, the Graphical User <BR>Interface , is very picky about the video cards it will and
<BR>will not support. This is primarily due to the fact that many video card <BR>manufacturers are reluctant to release specification
<BR>information to Linux developers.
<BR>
<BR>However, support is improving every day, and there are also commercial X <BR>servers available to address these issues. The bottom
<BR>line here is to try to make sure your video card is supported by X if you <BR>want to run more than VGA at 16 colors.
<BR>
<BR>That said, different distributions of Linux have different hardware <BR>requirements. And of course, I don't mean to imply that you
<BR>should not take advantage of a newer machine if you have access to one. I <BR>simply want to convey to you that you don't have to
<BR>have a Pentium II with 256 Megs of RAM, or a 600Mhz Alpha to be able to use <BR>Linux.
<BR>
<BR>As a general guideline, any 386 or better with 4MB of RAM or more should run <BR>quite nicely. If you plan on running X, 8MB would
<BR>be better, 16MB better still.
<BR>
<BR>Generally speaking, the more RAM, the better. As a matter of fact, I often <BR>tell my clients that I would rather have a slower
<BR>processor with more RAM, than a faster processor with less RAM.
<BR>
<BR>Contrary to what you may have been told, the processor speed is NOT the <BR>primary determining factor of performance. In reality
<BR>the performance of your system is determined by the amount of RAM you have, <BR>The speed of your Disk subsystem, and your
<BR>processor. In that order.
<BR>
<BR>Any type of IDE HDD, and any ATAPI CD-ROM drive will work quite nicely, as <BR>will most SCSI hosts and disks. However,
<BR>SCSI installations can often be more involved, and will be covered in a <BR>separate document.
<BR>
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