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<HTML><HEAD> <TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人: linuxrat (叫我老鼠错不了), 信区: Linux <BR>标 题: 会有个GNU/BSD吗? 难说! <BR>发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Tue Dec 28 23:50:00 1999) <BR> <BR>我转回来一篇文章, 不短. 看看吧. 来自www.linuxtoday.com <BR>====================================================== <BR> The opinions expressed by contributors to Linux.com are their own. <BR> Linux.com bears no responsibility for its contributors' opinions. <BR> <BR> Choosing Between BSD and GNU - December 27th, 1999 <BR> by Jonas 謆erg <BR> During the past years, the free software community has gained much <BR> popularity. Many people have found themselves engaged in an ongoing <BR> battle between what is normally called the ``open source'' faction and <BR> the ``free software'' faction. Several has gone to the extreme point <BR> of thinking that everything in systems like Debian GNU/Linux and Red <BR> Hat Linux developed by the Free Software Foundation, a well-known free <BR> software advocate, should be replaced by utilities from the various <BR> BSD computer systems. <BR> <BR> There appears to be a number of reasons for this, some of which can be <BR> supported and some which are only silly. The most interesting reason <BR> is to see if it really can be done. It is understandable that some <BR> people would find this interesting to pursue. As the BSD kernels and <BR> the Linux kernel gets closer to each other it is a natural course of <BR> action to see what utilities that can be mixed in user space. It would <BR> also be interesting to see if one could use a BSD kernel with the GNU <BR> system to form a GNU/BSD system. <BR> <BR> There's also a technical aspect in this. Perhaps the GNU make is <BR> inferior to the BSD make. That would give you two options; either <BR> improve the GNU make to meet the same high quality as the BSD make or <BR> replace the GNU make on your system with the BSD make. The fact is <BR> though that most GNU utilities are very well written and work <BR> flawlessly. It is not uncommon for BSD users to run GNU software on <BR> their machines. The GNU software's ability to compile on many <BR> different UNIX flavours has led to a widespread user base that has <BR> been able to debug the programs under very different environments. <BR> <BR> So this should not be the reason people want to use BSD utilities <BR> under the Linux kernel. It is not even the technical challenge of <BR> making the systems work together that makes people pursue this course <BR> of action. <BR> <BR> The primary reason (incidentally also the silliest reason) is that <BR> they simply do not like the Free Software Foundation or the GNU <BR> Project. When I first heard of this I thought someone was pulling my <BR> leg. The idea that someone would judge software based upon the <BR> copyright holder is, to me, preposterous. Not only is this <BR> unproductive but it is in direct violation with the idea that no one <BR> should have to do the same thing twice. This is unfortunately one of <BR> the more common wastes of human resources in proprietary software <BR> companies and I had hoped it would not spill over to the free software <BR> community. <BR> <BR> Is it not silly to go through all the work of replacing <BR> FSF-copyrighted programs simply so you can say "This has no <BR> FSF-copyrighted programs in it?" What they will end up with is a <BR> system similar to BSD and if that is what they want, they could use <BR> any BSD system right away. That would not take any work. <BR> <BR> When you decide which programs you should use on your computer you <BR> should judge them based on their programming, documentation, <BR> interactivity with other software and similar matters. You should not <BR> base your decision solemnly on who holds the copyright. In the free <BR> software community, we do not use proprietary Microsoft programs. We <BR> do this not because it is Microsoft but because their software is <BR> inferior to ours. It is also proprietary software which is bad for the <BR> community at a whole. <BR> <BR> So the next time you compare two programs in order to decide which to <BR> install I hope that you will ask yourself "Will this program do what I <BR> want?" and not "Was this written by someone I dislike?" <BR> <BR> Jonas 謆erg is a webmaster and system administrator for the GNU <BR> Project. He lives in the south of Sweden where he sometimes pretends <BR> to know what he is doing. <BR> Your Comments <BR> Technical merit the only criteria? - 1999-12-28 07:10:15 <BR> Choosing software based on technical merit is one criteria. There are <BR> many others. I beleive another relevant criteria is the consequences <BR> (long term) of your choice of software. When you use GPLed software <BR> and choose to develop GPLed software you make it difficult for <BR> propritry software to flourish. When you choose BSD licensed software <BR> you do not. BSD licenced software is like uncoditional love. You give <BR> without condition, so you help open source and proprietry software <BR> alike. There is a long history of vendors of propretry software using <BR> and closing source there improvements to the code base of BSD licenced <BR> software. Since I would prefer to encourage software to remain <BR> available. I deliberatly choose GPL licenced software above BSD <BR> licenced software. <BR>--------------以下是关于上文的评论------------------ <BR> <BR> BSD, GNU, FSF, MSN, ... - 1999-12-28 02:00:40 <BR> Lots of "brands", lots of philosophies, lots of ... incompatibilities. <BR> For example, BSD is still on the same model as it's predecessor ... <BR> Choice of philosophy, you know! Linux has moved a bit, choosing from <BR> BSD and SysV features to implement, cool stuff to add ... But it isn't <BR> "BSD" convergent neither SysV convergent. I mean by that the Linux <BR> Kernel is not going to be the next linuxBSD kernel! Some tools are <BR> better, some others are ... how to say ? ... a bit inferior. Are you <BR> going to use MS Windows NT because it has a really nice minesweeper or <BR> Linux because Quake III is cool on it ? No. You choose an OS because <BR> you know what usage you should have of this OS. It would be ridiculous <BR> to use AIX or WinNT for a small router, has it would be quite stupid <BR> to use an intel Linux box for an Oracle database with a total size far <BR> exceeding 10Go of disk. Anyway the Os "War" is quite ridiculous. It's <BR> like the "Amiga vs Atari" war or "Star Trek vs Star Wars". For me, the <BR> main advantage of many OSes is that you can say "Wow, BSD make is far <BR>
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