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📁 一份很好的linux入门资料
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<TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人:&nbsp;alinew&nbsp;(冷无晴),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;Where&nbsp;does&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;go&nbsp;today?&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;(Thu&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;25&nbsp;09:46:24&nbsp;1999)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Where&nbsp;Does&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;Want&nbsp;to&nbsp;go&nbsp;Today?&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>By&nbsp;Eric&nbsp;CaldWell&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>We&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;good&nbsp;understanding&nbsp;of&nbsp;where&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;is&nbsp;going&nbsp;today&nbsp;and&nbsp;maybe&nbsp;tomorrow&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>but,&nbsp;the&nbsp;question&nbsp;remains,&nbsp;how&nbsp;do&nbsp;we&nbsp;get&nbsp;there,&nbsp;and&nbsp;will&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;succeed?&nbsp;&nbsp;Now,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>before&nbsp;you&nbsp;start&nbsp;lighting&nbsp;the&nbsp;pilots&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;flame&nbsp;throwers,&nbsp;hear&nbsp;me&nbsp;out.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>Linux&nbsp;has&nbsp;become&nbsp;an&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>overnight&nbsp;sensation&nbsp;due&nbsp;to&nbsp;factors&nbsp;like,&nbsp;repeated&nbsp;delays&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Windows&nbsp;2000&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>release,&nbsp;stability&nbsp;and&nbsp;scalability&nbsp;issues&nbsp;with&nbsp;NT4,&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;skyrocketing&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>implementation&nbsp;and&nbsp;support&nbsp;costs&nbsp;associated&nbsp;with&nbsp;Microsoft&nbsp;solutions&nbsp;and&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>products&nbsp;(not&nbsp;to&nbsp;mention&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>ever&nbsp;escalating&nbsp;Client&nbsp;Access&nbsp;Licenses).&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>So,&nbsp;how&nbsp;can&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;exploit&nbsp;these&nbsp;gaps?&nbsp;Simple,&nbsp;start&nbsp;where&nbsp;Microsoft&nbsp;started&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;work&nbsp;your&nbsp;way&nbsp;up.&nbsp;Microsoft&nbsp;is&nbsp;so&nbsp;focused&nbsp;on&nbsp;tackling&nbsp;the&nbsp;enterprise&nbsp;that&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>they've&nbsp;forgotten&nbsp;where&nbsp;their&nbsp;roots&nbsp;are,&nbsp;small&nbsp;companies,&nbsp;departments&nbsp;within&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>big&nbsp;organizations,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;the&nbsp;obvious&nbsp;desktop&nbsp;market.&nbsp;We're&nbsp;going&nbsp;to&nbsp;go&nbsp;into&nbsp;a&nbsp;little&nbsp;detail&nbsp;as&nbsp;to&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>how&nbsp;the&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;community&nbsp;can&nbsp;accomplish&nbsp;capturing&nbsp;these&nbsp;markets.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;small&nbsp;company&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>Small&nbsp;companies&nbsp;(say&nbsp;50-200&nbsp;people)&nbsp;don't&nbsp;have&nbsp;the&nbsp;financial&nbsp;resources&nbsp;or&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>staff&nbsp;to&nbsp;keep&nbsp;up&nbsp;with&nbsp;big&nbsp;companies.&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;now&nbsp;has&nbsp;a&nbsp;once&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;lifetime&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>golden&nbsp;opportunity&nbsp;to&nbsp;help&nbsp;these&nbsp;companies&nbsp;effectively&nbsp;compete&nbsp;with&nbsp;their&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>larger&nbsp;competitors&nbsp;by&nbsp;delivering&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>a&nbsp;mission&nbsp;critical&nbsp;platform,&nbsp;essential&nbsp;for&nbsp;running&nbsp;their&nbsp;business.&nbsp;This&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>market&nbsp;segment&nbsp;is&nbsp;nothing&nbsp;to&nbsp;sneeze&nbsp;at&nbsp;either&nbsp;since&nbsp;it&nbsp;represents&nbsp;about&nbsp;$42&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>billion&nbsp;in&nbsp;annual&nbsp;IT&nbsp;spending,&nbsp;and&nbsp;when&nbsp;you&nbsp;look&nbsp;at&nbsp;it&nbsp;from&nbsp;this&nbsp;perspective,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>it&nbsp;represents&nbsp;an&nbsp;enormous&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>opportunity.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Since&nbsp;most&nbsp;small&nbsp;companies&nbsp;already&nbsp;have&nbsp;file&nbsp;and&nbsp;print&nbsp;servers&nbsp;in&nbsp;place&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>(probably&nbsp;Netware&nbsp;or&nbsp;NT),&nbsp;they&nbsp;are&nbsp;looking&nbsp;at&nbsp;ways&nbsp;to&nbsp;propel&nbsp;revenues&nbsp;by&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>leveraging&nbsp;technology&nbsp;without&nbsp;spending&nbsp;all&nbsp;their&nbsp;cash&nbsp;reserves&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>process.&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;has&nbsp;a&nbsp;key&nbsp;opportunity&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>to&nbsp;displace&nbsp;these&nbsp;monolithic&nbsp;systems&nbsp;with&nbsp;an&nbsp;open&nbsp;system&nbsp;that&nbsp;incorporates&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>key&nbsp;features&nbsp;and&nbsp;has&nbsp;the&nbsp;software&nbsp;necessary&nbsp;to&nbsp;provide&nbsp;the&nbsp;robust&nbsp;mission&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>critical&nbsp;systems&nbsp;needed&nbsp;to&nbsp;compete&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;global&nbsp;market.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Lets&nbsp;look&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;major&nbsp;systems&nbsp;that&nbsp;&nbsp;propel&nbsp;most&nbsp;big&nbsp;companies:&nbsp;email,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>database&nbsp;servers,&nbsp;file&nbsp;and&nbsp;print&nbsp;servers,&nbsp;intranets,&nbsp;etc.&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;and&nbsp;many&nbsp;open&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>source&nbsp;applications&nbsp;can&nbsp;deliver&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;functionality&nbsp;at&nbsp;a&nbsp;fraction&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>cost.&nbsp;Believe&nbsp;me&nbsp;when&nbsp;I&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>tell&nbsp;you&nbsp;that&nbsp;there's&nbsp;plenty&nbsp;of&nbsp;open&nbsp;source&nbsp;software&nbsp;providing&nbsp;commercial&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>application&nbsp;quality&nbsp;that&nbsp;can&nbsp;deliver&nbsp;a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;of&nbsp;value.&nbsp;These&nbsp;dynamics&nbsp;make&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>costs&nbsp;palatable&nbsp;for&nbsp;even&nbsp;the&nbsp;smallest&nbsp;of&nbsp;companies.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Small&nbsp;companies&nbsp;are&nbsp;a&nbsp;key&nbsp;area&nbsp;in&nbsp;which&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;needs&nbsp;to&nbsp;succeed&nbsp;because,&nbsp;when&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>these&nbsp;companies&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;grow,&nbsp;they&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;platform&nbsp;that&nbsp;can&nbsp;grow&nbsp;with&nbsp;them&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;they&nbsp;won't&nbsp;have&nbsp;to&nbsp;displace&nbsp;their&nbsp;current&nbsp;systems&nbsp;or&nbsp;retool&nbsp;their&nbsp;IT&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>staff&nbsp;to&nbsp;get&nbsp;there.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Departments&nbsp;within&nbsp;big&nbsp;organizations&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;next&nbsp;obvious&nbsp;leap&nbsp;is&nbsp;how&nbsp;do&nbsp;you&nbsp;effectively&nbsp;penetrate&nbsp;the&nbsp;corporate&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>market&nbsp;where&nbsp;NT&nbsp;thrives?&nbsp;Get&nbsp;the&nbsp;big&nbsp;guys&nbsp;on&nbsp;board&nbsp;with&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;(IBM,&nbsp;Oracle,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>SAP,&nbsp;etc.)&nbsp;and&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;the&nbsp;ammo&nbsp;you&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;penetrate&nbsp;this&nbsp;market.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Departments&nbsp;within&nbsp;big&nbsp;and&nbsp;large&nbsp;companies&nbsp;are&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;peculiar&nbsp;situation.&nbsp;For&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>many&nbsp;years&nbsp;they've&nbsp;been&nbsp;in&nbsp;control&nbsp;of&nbsp;their&nbsp;own&nbsp;IT&nbsp;spending&nbsp;which&nbsp;allowed&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>them&nbsp;to&nbsp;build&nbsp;systems&nbsp;cheaper&nbsp;and&nbsp;faster&nbsp;than&nbsp;their&nbsp;own&nbsp;internal&nbsp;IT&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>department&nbsp;could.&nbsp;Microsoft&nbsp;saw&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>this&nbsp;opportunity&nbsp;and&nbsp;seized&nbsp;it&nbsp;by&nbsp;providing&nbsp;cheap&nbsp;robust&nbsp;application&nbsp;servers&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>which&nbsp;allowed&nbsp;departments&nbsp;to&nbsp;implement&nbsp;systems&nbsp;at&nbsp;a&nbsp;fraction&nbsp;of&nbsp;their&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>internal&nbsp;costs.&nbsp;Now&nbsp;the&nbsp;tide&nbsp;is&nbsp;turning,&nbsp;before&nbsp;departments&nbsp;would&nbsp;tolerate&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>crashes&nbsp;and&nbsp;lost&nbsp;data&nbsp;since&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>these&nbsp;systems&nbsp;were&nbsp;not&nbsp;viewed&nbsp;as&nbsp;mission&nbsp;critical.&nbsp;But&nbsp;now&nbsp;they&nbsp;are&nbsp;mission&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>critical.&nbsp;Not&nbsp;only&nbsp;have&nbsp;these&nbsp;systems&nbsp;become&nbsp;mission&nbsp;critical,&nbsp;they&nbsp;are&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>getting&nbsp;expensive&nbsp;to&nbsp;develop&nbsp;for,&nbsp;implement,&nbsp;and&nbsp;maintain.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>NT&nbsp;used&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;cost&nbsp;effective&nbsp;alternative&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;low/high&nbsp;end&nbsp;UNIX&nbsp;systems&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;Mainframes.&nbsp;This&nbsp;model&nbsp;provided&nbsp;departments&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;of&nbsp;autonomy&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>because&nbsp;support&nbsp;and&nbsp;implementation&nbsp;costs&nbsp;were&nbsp;lower&nbsp;with&nbsp;NT.&nbsp;Microsoft&nbsp;is&nbsp;now&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>starting&nbsp;to&nbsp;lose&nbsp;this&nbsp;grip&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>because&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;fees&nbsp;associated&nbsp;with&nbsp;their&nbsp;software&nbsp;and&nbsp;NT&nbsp;application&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>development&nbsp;costs&nbsp;are&nbsp;also&nbsp;creeping&nbsp;up&nbsp;to&nbsp;match&nbsp;their&nbsp;Unix&nbsp;equivalents.&nbsp;This&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>does&nbsp;not&nbsp;bode&nbsp;well&nbsp;for&nbsp;NT&nbsp;since&nbsp;it&nbsp;does&nbsp;not&nbsp;provide&nbsp;scalability&nbsp;and&nbsp;mission&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>critical&nbsp;up&nbsp;times&nbsp;that&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>departments&nbsp;and&nbsp;applications&nbsp;are&nbsp;demanding.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Enter&nbsp;Linux,&nbsp;stage&nbsp;left.&nbsp;With&nbsp;purse&nbsp;strings&nbsp;tightening&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;corporate&nbsp;level&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;departments&nbsp;needing&nbsp;to&nbsp;implement&nbsp;their&nbsp;next&nbsp;generation&nbsp;applications&nbsp;for&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>mission&nbsp;critical&nbsp;systems,&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;now&nbsp;has&nbsp;the&nbsp;opportunity&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;to&nbsp;Microsoft,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>what&nbsp;Microsoft&nbsp;did&nbsp;to&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>IBM.&nbsp;Displace&nbsp;them&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;departmental&nbsp;level&nbsp;by&nbsp;delivering&nbsp;a&nbsp;cheap&nbsp;robust,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
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