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📁 一份很好的linux入门资料
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<TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人:&nbsp;liugang&nbsp;(L.G.),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;FAQ&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;(Wed&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;22&nbsp;22:07:25&nbsp;1999)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;FAQ&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>What&nbsp;is&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1?&nbsp;<BR>How&nbsp;do&nbsp;I&nbsp;build&nbsp;a&nbsp;system&nbsp;ala&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1?&nbsp;<BR>Why&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;provide&nbsp;an&nbsp;iso-image/rpms&nbsp;for&nbsp;their&nbsp;entire&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>distribution?&nbsp;<BR>How&nbsp;do&nbsp;I&nbsp;install&nbsp;the&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;patch?&nbsp;<BR>How&nbsp;do&nbsp;I&nbsp;build&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;rpms?&nbsp;<BR>How&nbsp;do&nbsp;I&nbsp;install&nbsp;a&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;rpm?&nbsp;<BR>Why&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;based&nbsp;off&nbsp;2.2.10?&nbsp;<BR>What&nbsp;if&nbsp;I&nbsp;have&nbsp;2.2.10-ac12?&nbsp;<BR>How&nbsp;do&nbsp;I&nbsp;get&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;working&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;Visual&nbsp;Workstation?&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>What&nbsp;is&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1?&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;is&nbsp;SGI's&nbsp;distribution&nbsp;of&nbsp;Linux.&nbsp;It&nbsp;is&nbsp;based&nbsp;off&nbsp;RedHat&nbsp;6.0&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;<BR>fully&nbsp;binary&nbsp;compatible&nbsp;with&nbsp;programs&nbsp;written&nbsp;for&nbsp;RedHat&nbsp;6.0.&nbsp;It&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>contains&nbsp;<BR>changes&nbsp;(mostly&nbsp;additions)&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel.&nbsp;It&nbsp;also&nbsp;fixes&nbsp;a&nbsp;few&nbsp;bugs&nbsp;in&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;<BR>packages&nbsp;RedHat&nbsp;ships.&nbsp;There&nbsp;are&nbsp;also&nbsp;a&nbsp;few&nbsp;user&nbsp;programs&nbsp;that&nbsp;utilize&nbsp;<BR>some&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;enhancements.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>How&nbsp;do&nbsp;I&nbsp;build&nbsp;a&nbsp;system&nbsp;ala&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1?&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Currently,&nbsp;the&nbsp;only&nbsp;supported&nbsp;platform&nbsp;for&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;1400L&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>server&nbsp;<BR>system&nbsp;that&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;sells.&nbsp;However,&nbsp;since&nbsp;we&nbsp;are&nbsp;using&nbsp;an&nbsp;x86&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>compiling&nbsp;the&nbsp;packages&nbsp;for&nbsp;x86,&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;will&nbsp;run&nbsp;on&nbsp;almost&nbsp;any&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>x86&nbsp;<BR>system.&nbsp;Here&nbsp;at&nbsp;SGI,&nbsp;we&nbsp;have&nbsp;tested&nbsp;the&nbsp;distribution&nbsp;on&nbsp;many&nbsp;systems&nbsp;<BR>including&nbsp;Dell's,&nbsp;Compaq's,&nbsp;HP's,&nbsp;Gateway's,&nbsp;etc.&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;should&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>work&nbsp;on&nbsp;<BR>anything&nbsp;RedHat&nbsp;6.0&nbsp;runs&nbsp;on&nbsp;as&nbsp;well&nbsp;as&nbsp;SGI's&nbsp;hardware.&nbsp;(see&nbsp;the&nbsp;RedHat&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;<BR>Linux&nbsp;compatibility&nbsp;lists&nbsp;for&nbsp;details).&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>WARNING:&nbsp;THIS&nbsp;IS&nbsp;NOT&nbsp;SUPPORTED&nbsp;NOR&nbsp;DOES&nbsp;IT&nbsp;CARRY&nbsp;ANY&nbsp;KIND&nbsp;OF&nbsp;<BR>WARRANTY.&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;ASSUMES&nbsp;NO&nbsp;RESPONSIBILITY&nbsp;FOR&nbsp;THE&nbsp;<BR>CONSEQUENCES&nbsp;OF&nbsp;DOING&nbsp;THIS.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Since&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;is&nbsp;based&nbsp;off&nbsp;RedHat&nbsp;6.0,&nbsp;you&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;first&nbsp;have&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;working&nbsp;version&nbsp;of&nbsp;that&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;machine.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Download&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;errata&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;RedHat&nbsp;6.0&nbsp;updates&nbsp;page&nbsp;and&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>install&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;them&nbsp;with&nbsp;&quot;rpm&nbsp;-F&quot;.&nbsp;(this&nbsp;will&nbsp;only&nbsp;upgrade&nbsp;the&nbsp;ones&nbsp;you&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>currently&nbsp;have&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;installed)&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Download&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;rpms&nbsp;and&nbsp;install&nbsp;them&nbsp;using&nbsp;&quot;rpm&nbsp;-U&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Download&nbsp;the&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;patch&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;copy&nbsp;of&nbsp;linux-2.2.10&nbsp;and&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>install&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;that.&nbsp;(see&nbsp;below).&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Compile&nbsp;a&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;for&nbsp;your&nbsp;machine&nbsp;with&nbsp;this&nbsp;new&nbsp;source&nbsp;tree&nbsp;(see&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Kernel-HOWTO&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;not&nbsp;done&nbsp;this&nbsp;before).&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Do&nbsp;a&nbsp;&quot;make&nbsp;menuconfig&quot;&nbsp;(or&nbsp;get&nbsp;a&nbsp;.config&nbsp;file&nbsp;from&nbsp;here)&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Select&nbsp;the&nbsp;components&nbsp;you&nbsp;want/need&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Do&nbsp;a&nbsp;&quot;make&nbsp;dep&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Do&nbsp;a&nbsp;&quot;make&nbsp;bzImage&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Copy&nbsp;arch/i386/boot/bzImage&nbsp;to&nbsp;/boot/mynewkernel&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Do&nbsp;a&nbsp;&quot;make&nbsp;modules&quot;&nbsp;(if&nbsp;you&nbsp;configured&nbsp;any&nbsp;modules)&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Do&nbsp;a&nbsp;&quot;make&nbsp;modules_install&quot;&nbsp;(if&nbsp;configured)&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cd&nbsp;into&nbsp;/boot&nbsp;and&nbsp;do&nbsp;a&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mkinitrd&nbsp;--ifneeded&nbsp;initrd.img&nbsp;2.2.10&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(if&nbsp;modules&nbsp;are&nbsp;needed&nbsp;to&nbsp;boot)&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Make&nbsp;an&nbsp;entry&nbsp;in&nbsp;your&nbsp;lilo.conf&nbsp;file&nbsp;for&nbsp;your&nbsp;newly&nbsp;compiled&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>kernel&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(remembering&nbsp;to&nbsp;add&nbsp;an&nbsp;initrd&nbsp;line&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;component&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>compiled&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;module&nbsp;necessary&nbsp;to&nbsp;boot).&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;not&nbsp;played&nbsp;with&nbsp;lilo&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;before,&nbsp;read&nbsp;the&nbsp;LILO&nbsp;mini&nbsp;HOWTO.&nbsp;The&nbsp;one&nbsp;thing&nbsp;I&nbsp;cannot&nbsp;stress&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;more&nbsp;is:&nbsp;&quot;DON'T&nbsp;DELETE&nbsp;A&nbsp;WORKING&nbsp;KERNEL&nbsp;FROM&nbsp;YOUR&nbsp;lilo.conf&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;UNTIL&nbsp;YOU&nbsp;HAVE&nbsp;TESTED&nbsp;THE&nbsp;NEW&nbsp;ONE.&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Run&nbsp;&quot;lilo&quot;&nbsp;which&nbsp;should&nbsp;install&nbsp;the&nbsp;boot&nbsp;loader&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;master&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>boot&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;record.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Reboot.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Why&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;provide&nbsp;an&nbsp;iso-image/rpms&nbsp;for&nbsp;their&nbsp;entire&nbsp;<BR>distribution?&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Due&nbsp;to&nbsp;United&nbsp;States&nbsp;exportation&nbsp;laws&nbsp;forbidding&nbsp;the&nbsp;export&nbsp;of&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>cryptography&nbsp;<BR>source&nbsp;code,&nbsp;we&nbsp;are&nbsp;not&nbsp;allowed&nbsp;to&nbsp;provide&nbsp;an&nbsp;entire&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>distribution&nbsp;on&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;Internet.&nbsp;However,&nbsp;we&nbsp;can&nbsp;and&nbsp;do&nbsp;provide&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;changes&nbsp;we&nbsp;make&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>to&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;base&nbsp;code.&nbsp;These&nbsp;deltas&nbsp;do&nbsp;not&nbsp;contain&nbsp;crypto&nbsp;source&nbsp;code&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>therefore&nbsp;are&nbsp;not&nbsp;regulated&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;US&nbsp;Government.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>How&nbsp;do&nbsp;I&nbsp;install&nbsp;the&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;1.1&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;patch?&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;You&nbsp;must&nbsp;first&nbsp;get&nbsp;a&nbsp;clean&nbsp;copy&nbsp;of&nbsp;linux-2.2.10.&nbsp;This&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>obtained&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;from&nbsp;<A HREF="http://www.kernel.org.">http://www.kernel.org.</A>&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Then,&nbsp;download&nbsp;the&nbsp;SGI&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;patch&nbsp;from&nbsp;here.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unpack&nbsp;both&nbsp;the&nbsp;patch&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;tree.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;From&nbsp;inside&nbsp;the&nbsp;&quot;linux&quot;&nbsp;directory&nbsp;(at&nbsp;the&nbsp;base&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>source&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tree),&nbsp;run:&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;patch&nbsp;-p1&nbsp;--dry-run&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;kernelpatch.patch&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;where&nbsp;kernelpatch.patch&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;fully&nbsp;qualified&nbsp;path&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;patch&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>you&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;downloaded.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;there&nbsp;are&nbsp;no&nbsp;errors,&nbsp;then&nbsp;run:&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;patch&nbsp;-p1&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;kernelpatch.patch&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;You&nbsp;may&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;edit&nbsp;the&nbsp;top&nbsp;level&nbsp;Makefile&nbsp;and&nbsp;put&nbsp;&quot;-1SGI_17&quot;&nbsp;in&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;EXTRAVERSION&nbsp;field,&nbsp;but&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;necessary.&nbsp;Do&nbsp;this&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>want&nbsp;to&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;match&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;version&nbsp;we&nbsp;shipped&nbsp;with&nbsp;1.1.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>
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