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一份很好的linux入门资料

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;files&nbsp;by&nbsp;hand.&nbsp;While&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;okay&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;systems&nbsp;administrator,&nbsp;it&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;work&nbsp;well&nbsp;for&nbsp;end&nbsp;users.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;and&nbsp;GNOME&nbsp;both&nbsp;come&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;dizzying&nbsp;array&nbsp;of&nbsp;network&nbsp;tools,&nbsp;games,&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;system&nbsp;tools,&nbsp;and&nbsp;other&nbsp;utilities.&nbsp;CDE&nbsp;is&nbsp;slightly&nbsp;more&nbsp;modest&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bundled&nbsp;software&nbsp;(as&nbsp;packaged&nbsp;by&nbsp;Xi&nbsp;Graphics),&nbsp;but&nbsp;it&nbsp;does&nbsp;include&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;useful&nbsp;tools&nbsp;including&nbsp;Adobe&nbsp;Acrobat&nbsp;reader,&nbsp;postscript&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;image&nbsp;viewers,&nbsp;and&nbsp;calendar&nbsp;and&nbsp;mail&nbsp;tools.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;and&nbsp;GNOME&nbsp;also&nbsp;include&nbsp;image&nbsp;and&nbsp;postscript&nbsp;viewers,&nbsp;calendar&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;applications,&nbsp;and&nbsp;mail&nbsp;applications.&nbsp;Neither&nbsp;comes&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;Adobe&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Acrobat&nbsp;reader,&nbsp;but&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;freely&nbsp;available&nbsp;from&nbsp;Adobe's&nbsp;site.&nbsp;Tools&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;included&nbsp;with&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;range&nbsp;from&nbsp;extremely&nbsp;useful&nbsp;to&nbsp;time-wasting.&nbsp;The&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tape&nbsp;backup&nbsp;tool,&nbsp;KDat,&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;KFloppy&nbsp;floppy&nbsp;formatting&nbsp;tool&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;simplify&nbsp;tasks&nbsp;that&nbsp;would&nbsp;intimidate&nbsp;most&nbsp;users&nbsp;unfamiliar&nbsp;with&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;or&nbsp;UNIX.&nbsp;The&nbsp;Font&nbsp;Manager&nbsp;greatly&nbsp;simplifies&nbsp;using&nbsp;fonts&nbsp;under&nbsp;Linux,&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;something&nbsp;that&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;really&nbsp;needs&nbsp;before&nbsp;it&nbsp;can&nbsp;become&nbsp;a&nbsp;viable&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;desktop&nbsp;option.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;also&nbsp;includes&nbsp;several&nbsp;SOHO&nbsp;type&nbsp;tools&nbsp;that&nbsp;would&nbsp;make&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;an&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;attractive&nbsp;option&nbsp;for&nbsp;people&nbsp;wanting&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;in&nbsp;an&nbsp;office&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;environment.&nbsp;A&nbsp;personal&nbsp;time&nbsp;tracker,&nbsp;the&nbsp;KOrganizer&nbsp;application,&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;address&nbsp;book&nbsp;applications&nbsp;are&nbsp;all&nbsp;very&nbsp;useful&nbsp;apps&nbsp;not&nbsp;currently&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;included&nbsp;with&nbsp;CDE.&nbsp;The&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;project&nbsp;is&nbsp;also&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;process&nbsp;of&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;developing&nbsp;the&nbsp;KOffice&nbsp;suite.&nbsp;Now&nbsp;in&nbsp;an&nbsp;alpha&nbsp;stage&nbsp;of&nbsp;development,&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;KOffice&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;suite&nbsp;of&nbsp;applications&nbsp;that,&nbsp;when&nbsp;completed,&nbsp;should&nbsp;give&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Microsoft&nbsp;Office&nbsp;a&nbsp;run&nbsp;for&nbsp;its&nbsp;money.&nbsp;(Granted,&nbsp;that's&nbsp;quite&nbsp;a&nbsp;bit&nbsp;of&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;money...)&nbsp;KOffice&nbsp;currently&nbsp;includes&nbsp;ten&nbsp;office&nbsp;programs,&nbsp;including&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;word&nbsp;processing,&nbsp;a&nbsp;database&nbsp;application,&nbsp;and&nbsp;presentation&nbsp;and&nbsp;layout&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;software.&nbsp;The&nbsp;fact&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;applications&nbsp;are&nbsp;in&nbsp;alpha&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;mean&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;that&nbsp;they&nbsp;aren't&nbsp;stable,&nbsp;but&nbsp;they're&nbsp;not&nbsp;yet&nbsp;feature-complete.&nbsp;KOffice&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;found&nbsp;at&nbsp;<A HREF="http://koffice.kde.org/,">http://koffice.kde.org/,</A>&nbsp;if&nbsp;it's&nbsp;not&nbsp;included&nbsp;in&nbsp;your&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;distribution.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Developers&nbsp;will&nbsp;appreciate&nbsp;KDevelop,&nbsp;a&nbsp;C/C++&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;that&nbsp;allows&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;programmers&nbsp;to&nbsp;develop&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;applications&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;GUI&nbsp;environment.&nbsp;Although&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;many&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;programmers&nbsp;shun&nbsp;IDEs&nbsp;in&nbsp;favor&nbsp;of&nbsp;Emacs&nbsp;or&nbsp;vi,&nbsp;KDevelop&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;comforting&nbsp;to&nbsp;those&nbsp;developers&nbsp;who&nbsp;are&nbsp;newer&nbsp;to&nbsp;Linux.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;KDevelop&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;included&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;default&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;install,&nbsp;but&nbsp;is&nbsp;available&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;from&nbsp;<A HREF="http://www.kdevelop.org/.">http://www.kdevelop.org/.</A>&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;GNOME&nbsp;also&nbsp;has&nbsp;a&nbsp;time&nbsp;tracker,&nbsp;a&nbsp;calendar,&nbsp;and&nbsp;comes&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;killer&nbsp;app&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&nbsp;number-crunchers&nbsp;&amp;#151;&nbsp;the&nbsp;Gnumeric&nbsp;spreadsheet&nbsp;application.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gnumeric&nbsp;is&nbsp;currently&nbsp;at&nbsp;version&nbsp;.38,&nbsp;but&nbsp;seems&nbsp;stable&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;feature&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rich.&nbsp;GNOME&nbsp;also&nbsp;includes&nbsp;office&nbsp;apps,&nbsp;but&nbsp;there&nbsp;aren't&nbsp;quite&nbsp;as&nbsp;many&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;as&nbsp;in&nbsp;KDE.&nbsp;The&nbsp;GNOME&nbsp;Workshop&nbsp;project&nbsp;is&nbsp;working&nbsp;on&nbsp;an&nbsp;office&nbsp;suite&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&nbsp;GNOME&nbsp;as&nbsp;well,&nbsp;but&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;as&nbsp;far&nbsp;along&nbsp;as&nbsp;KOffice.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Currently,&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;is&nbsp;probably&nbsp;the&nbsp;best&nbsp;bet&nbsp;for&nbsp;an&nbsp;office-type&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;environment.&nbsp;The&nbsp;K&nbsp;Window&nbsp;Manager&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;more&nbsp;familiar&nbsp;to&nbsp;users&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;accustomed&nbsp;to&nbsp;Windows&nbsp;or&nbsp;the&nbsp;MacOS,&nbsp;and&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;is&nbsp;slightly&nbsp;farther&nbsp;along&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;the&nbsp;development&nbsp;path&nbsp;than&nbsp;GNOME.&nbsp;However,&nbsp;as&nbsp;with&nbsp;all&nbsp;Open&nbsp;Source&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;projects,&nbsp;that&nbsp;could&nbsp;change&nbsp;rapidly.&nbsp;The&nbsp;best&nbsp;bet&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;to&nbsp;install&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;both&nbsp;environments,&nbsp;which&nbsp;will&nbsp;allow&nbsp;users&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;applications&nbsp;designed&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&nbsp;either&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;or&nbsp;GNOME.&nbsp;The&nbsp;beauty&nbsp;of&nbsp;using&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;and&nbsp;Open&nbsp;Source&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;solutions&nbsp;is&nbsp;that&nbsp;you're&nbsp;not&nbsp;locked&nbsp;into&nbsp;solution&nbsp;A&nbsp;or&nbsp;solution&nbsp;B&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&amp;#151;&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;choose&nbsp;both!&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System&nbsp;Requirements&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;version&nbsp;of&nbsp;CDE&nbsp;distributed&nbsp;by&nbsp;Xi&nbsp;Graphics&nbsp;requires&nbsp;a&nbsp;Pentium&nbsp;or&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;better&nbsp;processor,&nbsp;at&nbsp;least&nbsp;32&nbsp;MB&nbsp;of&nbsp;RAM&nbsp;with&nbsp;64&nbsp;MB&nbsp;recommended,&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;about&nbsp;135&nbsp;MB&nbsp;of&nbsp;free&nbsp;space&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;hard&nbsp;drive.&nbsp;The&nbsp;company&nbsp;also&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;recommends&nbsp;using&nbsp;CDE&nbsp;with&nbsp;their&nbsp;Accelerated-X&nbsp;server,&nbsp;rather&nbsp;than&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;free&nbsp;X&nbsp;servers&nbsp;distributed&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;XFree86&nbsp;project.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;and&nbsp;GNOME&nbsp;have&nbsp;slightly&nbsp;more&nbsp;modest&nbsp;system&nbsp;requirements&nbsp;than&nbsp;does&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CDE&nbsp;&amp;#151;&nbsp;that&nbsp;is,&nbsp;they&nbsp;will&nbsp;run&nbsp;on&nbsp;486,&nbsp;and&nbsp;possibly&nbsp;386,&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;processors.&nbsp;However,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;unlikely&nbsp;that&nbsp;anyone&nbsp;would&nbsp;be&nbsp;greatly&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pleased&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;performance&nbsp;provided&nbsp;by&nbsp;a&nbsp;system&nbsp;with&nbsp;less&nbsp;than&nbsp;16&nbsp;MB&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;of&nbsp;RAM&nbsp;and&nbsp;a&nbsp;Pentium-class&nbsp;processor.&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;and&nbsp;GNOME&nbsp;run&nbsp;just&nbsp;fine&nbsp;on&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;XFree86&nbsp;servers.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wrap&nbsp;Up&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;There&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;a&nbsp;clearly&nbsp;superior&nbsp;product&nbsp;between&nbsp;CDE,&nbsp;KDE,&nbsp;and&nbsp;GNOME.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;However,&nbsp;unless&nbsp;you're&nbsp;looking&nbsp;for&nbsp;compatibility&nbsp;with&nbsp;machines&nbsp;already&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;using&nbsp;CDE,&nbsp;it&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;seem&nbsp;to&nbsp;offer&nbsp;enough&nbsp;benefits&nbsp;to&nbsp;justify&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;price&nbsp;tag.&nbsp;On&nbsp;a&nbsp;typical&nbsp;UNIX&nbsp;workstation,&nbsp;the&nbsp;cost&nbsp;of&nbsp;CDE&nbsp;was&nbsp;marginal&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;compared&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;cost&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;hardware.&nbsp;On&nbsp;today's&nbsp;PCs,&nbsp;CDE&nbsp;would&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;represent&nbsp;a&nbsp;large&nbsp;chunk&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;cost&nbsp;compared&nbsp;to&nbsp;any&nbsp;other&nbsp;component&nbsp;of&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;the&nbsp;system.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unless&nbsp;there&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;clear&nbsp;reason&nbsp;to&nbsp;require&nbsp;a&nbsp;unified&nbsp;desktop&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;workplace,&nbsp;the&nbsp;best&nbsp;solution&nbsp;would&nbsp;be&nbsp;to&nbsp;install&nbsp;KDE&nbsp;and&nbsp;GNOME&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;allow&nbsp;the&nbsp;user&nbsp;to&nbsp;choose&nbsp;the&nbsp;desktop&nbsp;environment&nbsp;that&nbsp;they're&nbsp;most&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;comfortable&nbsp;with.&nbsp;This&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;done&nbsp;almost&nbsp;as&nbsp;easily&nbsp;as&nbsp;installing&nbsp;only&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;one&nbsp;environment,&nbsp;and&nbsp;allows&nbsp;the&nbsp;end&nbsp;user&nbsp;to&nbsp;choose&nbsp;the&nbsp;preferable&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;desktop.&nbsp;n&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;_________________________________________________________________&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;About&nbsp;the&nbsp;Author&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Joe&nbsp;&quot;Zonker&quot;&nbsp;Brockmeier&nbsp;has&nbsp;been&nbsp;working&nbsp;with,&nbsp;and&nbsp;writing&nbsp;about,&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;since&nbsp;1996.&nbsp;Zonker&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;VP&nbsp;of&nbsp;Marketing&nbsp;for&nbsp;LinuxMall.com&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;edits&nbsp;the&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;Newsletter,&nbsp;along&nbsp;with&nbsp;his&nbsp;other&nbsp;duties.&nbsp;His&nbsp;first&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;book,&nbsp;Installing,&nbsp;Configuring&nbsp;and&nbsp;Customizing&nbsp;Slackware&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;published&nbsp;by&nbsp;Prima&nbsp;Publishing&nbsp;in&nbsp;early&nbsp;2000.&nbsp;He&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;contacted&nbsp;at:&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<A HREF="mailto:[e-mail].">[e-mail].</A>&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Walnut&nbsp;Creek&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
=========End=============&nbsp;<BR>
--&nbsp;<BR>
|======================+========================+====================|&nbsp;<BR>
|&nbsp;以无法为有法&nbsp;，&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;拳本无法，有法也空；&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;我爱GNU/Linux,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>
|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;以无限为有限&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;一法不立，无法不容。|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;因为我爱自由！&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>
|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>
|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;截拳道宗师-李小龙&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;意拳宗师-王芗斋&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;土人&nbsp;&nbsp;Linuxrat&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>
|======================+========================+====================|&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
※&nbsp;修改:·linuxrat&nbsp;於&nbsp;Jan&nbsp;17&nbsp;14:18:19&nbsp;修改本文·[FROM:&nbsp;202.112.168.253]&nbsp;<BR>
※&nbsp;来源:·BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;smth.org·[FROM:&nbsp;202.112.168.253]&nbsp;<BR>


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