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一份很好的linux入门资料

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;find&nbsp;yourself&nbsp;booting&nbsp;off&nbsp;CD-ROM&nbsp;to&nbsp;restore&nbsp;your&nbsp;system.&nbsp;(The&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;module&nbsp;is&nbsp;good,&nbsp;but&nbsp;not&nbsp;that&nbsp;good.)&nbsp;If&nbsp;you're&nbsp;using&nbsp;a&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;program&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;built&nbsp;into&nbsp;a&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;package,&nbsp;such&nbsp;as&nbsp;linux_glide,&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;use&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;standard&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;pkg_add&nbsp;pkgname.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Manual&nbsp;Installations&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Even&nbsp;with&nbsp;FreeBSD's&nbsp;excellent&nbsp;package&nbsp;management,&nbsp;some&nbsp;software&nbsp;has&nbsp;to&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;be&nbsp;installed&nbsp;the&nbsp;hard&nbsp;way,&nbsp;by&nbsp;hand.&nbsp;I'll&nbsp;use&nbsp;Sun's&nbsp;StarOffice&nbsp;5.1&nbsp;as&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;an&nbsp;example.&nbsp;Rather&nbsp;than&nbsp;provide&nbsp;a&nbsp;specific&nbsp;set&nbsp;of&nbsp;instructions&nbsp;on&nbsp;how&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;to&nbsp;install&nbsp;this&nbsp;particular&nbsp;application,&nbsp;we'll&nbsp;troubleshoot&nbsp;a&nbsp;typical&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;closed-source,&nbsp;Linux-binary&nbsp;software&nbsp;installation.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;You&nbsp;can&nbsp;download&nbsp;StarOffice&nbsp;at&nbsp;www.stardivision.com.&nbsp;A&nbsp;full&nbsp;download&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;runs&nbsp;about&nbsp;70&nbsp;megs,&nbsp;so&nbsp;you&nbsp;might&nbsp;wish&nbsp;to&nbsp;spend&nbsp;the&nbsp;$10&nbsp;for&nbsp;a&nbsp;CD-ROM.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Copy&nbsp;the&nbsp;file&nbsp;so51a_lnx_01.tar&nbsp;to&nbsp;your&nbsp;home&nbsp;directory&nbsp;and&nbsp;untar&nbsp;it.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;After&nbsp;decompressing,&nbsp;cd&nbsp;so51inst/bin&nbsp;and&nbsp;run&nbsp;./setup.&nbsp;At&nbsp;this&nbsp;point,&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;you&nbsp;might&nbsp;get&nbsp;a&nbsp;warning&nbsp;about&nbsp;/tmp&nbsp;being&nbsp;full.&nbsp;StarOffice&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;huge&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;office&nbsp;suite.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;run&nbsp;out&nbsp;of&nbsp;space,&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;repoint&nbsp;your&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tmp&nbsp;directory.&nbsp;The&nbsp;easiest&nbsp;way&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;environment&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;variable&nbsp;$TMPDIR.&nbsp;Point&nbsp;TMPDIR&nbsp;at&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;of&nbsp;space,&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;try&nbsp;again.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;You'll&nbsp;see:&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
#./setup&nbsp;<BR>
./setup:&nbsp;Window&nbsp;manager&nbsp;didn't&nbsp;set&nbsp;icon&nbsp;sizes&nbsp;-&nbsp;using&nbsp;default.&nbsp;<BR>
/tmp/sv001.tmp/setup.bin:&nbsp;error&nbsp;in&nbsp;loading&nbsp;shared&nbsp;libraries&nbsp;<BR>
libvos517li.so:&nbsp;cannot&nbsp;open&nbsp;shared&nbsp;object&nbsp;file:&nbsp;No&nbsp;such&nbsp;file&nbsp;or&nbsp;directory&nbsp;<BR>
#&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;shared&nbsp;library&nbsp;problem,&nbsp;as&nbsp;described&nbsp;above.&nbsp;You&nbsp;can&nbsp;simply&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;do:&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
#LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tmp/sv001.tmp&nbsp;;&nbsp;export&nbsp;LD_LIBRARY_PATH&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rerun&nbsp;the&nbsp;setup&nbsp;routine.&nbsp;This&nbsp;time,&nbsp;it&nbsp;will&nbsp;open&nbsp;a&nbsp;nice&nbsp;GUI&nbsp;window,&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ask&nbsp;you&nbsp;some&nbsp;questions,&nbsp;and&nbsp;install&nbsp;itself.&nbsp;After&nbsp;the&nbsp;install,&nbsp;look&nbsp;in&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;Office51/bin&quot;&nbsp;under&nbsp;your&nbsp;home&nbsp;directory.&nbsp;Typing&nbsp;./soffice&amp;&nbsp;will&nbsp;bring&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;up&nbsp;StarOffice.&nbsp;I&nbsp;use&nbsp;a&nbsp;simple&nbsp;shell&nbsp;script:&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
#!/bin/sh&nbsp;<BR>
/home/mwlucas/Office51/bin/soffice&amp;&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;interested&nbsp;in&nbsp;server&nbsp;applications,&nbsp;you&nbsp;should&nbsp;take&nbsp;a&nbsp;look&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;at&nbsp;&quot;How&nbsp;to&nbsp;run&nbsp;Oracle&nbsp;for&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;on&nbsp;FreeBSD,&quot;&nbsp;available&nbsp;at:&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
<A HREF="http://www.scc.nl/~marcel/howto-oracle.html">http://www.scc.nl/~marcel/howto-oracle.html</A>&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Problems&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;things&nbsp;can&nbsp;go&nbsp;wrong&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;software&nbsp;install,&nbsp;let&nbsp;alone&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;one&nbsp;running&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;platform&nbsp;it&nbsp;wasn't&nbsp;built&nbsp;for.&nbsp;Some&nbsp;programs&nbsp;will&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;require&nbsp;branding&nbsp;before&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;run&nbsp;them.&nbsp;Branding&nbsp;a&nbsp;binary&nbsp;leaves&nbsp;an&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ELF&nbsp;comment&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;uses&nbsp;to&nbsp;choose&nbsp;an&nbsp;ABI.&nbsp;brandelf&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;programname&nbsp;will&nbsp;tell&nbsp;you&nbsp;which&nbsp;ABI&nbsp;a&nbsp;program&nbsp;thinks&nbsp;it&nbsp;needs.&nbsp;You&nbsp;can&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;use&nbsp;brandelf&nbsp;-t&nbsp;linux&nbsp;programname&nbsp;to&nbsp;manually&nbsp;point&nbsp;a&nbsp;binary&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;module.&nbsp;(SysV&nbsp;binaries&nbsp;do&nbsp;not&nbsp;use&nbsp;branding.)&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;the&nbsp;program&nbsp;complains&nbsp;about&nbsp;unsupported&nbsp;functions,&nbsp;check&nbsp;your&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;config.&nbsp;Do&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;the&nbsp;POSIX&nbsp;and&nbsp;SysV&nbsp;options&nbsp;configured?&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Check&nbsp;kldstat&nbsp;-v&nbsp;to&nbsp;confirm&nbsp;the&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;module&nbsp;is&nbsp;loaded.&nbsp;If&nbsp;the&nbsp;above&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fails,&nbsp;your&nbsp;first&nbsp;resource&nbsp;should&nbsp;be&nbsp;the&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;mailing&nbsp;list&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;archives.&nbsp;Look&nbsp;at:&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
<A HREF="http://www.FreeBSD.org/search.html">http://www.FreeBSD.org/search.html</A>&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unless&nbsp;you're&nbsp;the&nbsp;first&nbsp;person&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;world&nbsp;to&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;problem&nbsp;with&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;this&nbsp;piece&nbsp;of&nbsp;software,&nbsp;you'll&nbsp;find&nbsp;an&nbsp;archived&nbsp;question&nbsp;about&nbsp;it.&nbsp;The&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;questions&quot;&nbsp;and&nbsp;&quot;emulation&quot;&nbsp;archives&nbsp;are&nbsp;excellent&nbsp;places&nbsp;to&nbsp;search.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;the&nbsp;mailing&nbsp;lists&nbsp;archives&nbsp;don't&nbsp;help,&nbsp;send&nbsp;a&nbsp;message&nbsp;to&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freebsd-<A HREF="mailto:[e-mail].">[e-mail].</A>&nbsp;Be&nbsp;sure&nbsp;to&nbsp;give&nbsp;the&nbsp;version&nbsp;of&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;you&nbsp;have,&nbsp;the&nbsp;version&nbsp;of&nbsp;linux_base&nbsp;you're&nbsp;using,&nbsp;and&nbsp;any&nbsp;and&nbsp;all&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;details&nbsp;about&nbsp;the&nbsp;program&nbsp;you're&nbsp;trying&nbsp;to&nbsp;run,&nbsp;including&nbsp;any&nbsp;error&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;messages&nbsp;when&nbsp;you&nbsp;try&nbsp;to&nbsp;run&nbsp;it.&nbsp;If&nbsp;it's&nbsp;an&nbsp;obvious&nbsp;problem,&nbsp;someone&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;will&nbsp;probably&nbsp;answer&nbsp;you&nbsp;quickly.&nbsp;For&nbsp;more&nbsp;difficult&nbsp;problems,&nbsp;you&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;might&nbsp;be&nbsp;directed&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;freebsd-emulation&nbsp;mailing&nbsp;list.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;find&nbsp;yourself&nbsp;using&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;emulation&nbsp;more&nbsp;and&nbsp;more&nbsp;frequently,&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;you&nbsp;would&nbsp;find&nbsp;it&nbsp;worthwhile&nbsp;to&nbsp;subscribe&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;freebsd-emulation&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mailing&nbsp;list.&nbsp;Email&nbsp;<A HREF="mailto:[e-mail]">[e-mail]</A>&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;body&nbsp;of&nbsp;&quot;subscribe&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freebsd-emulation&quot;.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Conclusion&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;FreeBSD's&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;mode&nbsp;gives&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;users&nbsp;access&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;wide&nbsp;variety&nbsp;of&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;commercial&nbsp;software&nbsp;packages.&nbsp;I&nbsp;encourage&nbsp;you&nbsp;to&nbsp;contact&nbsp;any&nbsp;software&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vendor&nbsp;that&nbsp;does&nbsp;not&nbsp;offer&nbsp;a&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;version&nbsp;of&nbsp;a&nbsp;desired&nbsp;program&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;let&nbsp;them&nbsp;know&nbsp;you&nbsp;would&nbsp;purchase&nbsp;a&nbsp;native&nbsp;version.&nbsp;Vendors&nbsp;don't&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;realize&nbsp;that&nbsp;demand&nbsp;exists&nbsp;unless&nbsp;someone&nbsp;tells&nbsp;them.&nbsp;Although&nbsp;good&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&nbsp;your&nbsp;karma,&nbsp;these&nbsp;requests&nbsp;won't&nbsp;help&nbsp;you&nbsp;listen&nbsp;to&nbsp;espn.com's&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;daily&nbsp;broadcasts&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;computer.&nbsp;Combined&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;SVR4&nbsp;and&nbsp;SCO&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;modules,&nbsp;the&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;module&nbsp;gives&nbsp;you&nbsp;access&nbsp;to&nbsp;almost&nbsp;the&nbsp;entire&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;range&nbsp;of&nbsp;UNIX&nbsp;software&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;box.&nbsp;n&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;About&nbsp;the&nbsp;Author&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Michael&nbsp;Lucas&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;networking&nbsp;and&nbsp;FreeBSD&nbsp;consultant&nbsp;working&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Great&nbsp;Lakes&nbsp;Technologies&nbsp;Group.&nbsp;He&nbsp;lives&nbsp;in&nbsp;Detroit,&nbsp;Michigan&nbsp;with&nbsp;his&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wife&nbsp;Liz,&nbsp;four&nbsp;gerbils,&nbsp;and&nbsp;assorted&nbsp;fish.&nbsp;He&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;reached&nbsp;at:&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<A HREF="mailto:[e-mail].">[e-mail].</A>&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;author&nbsp;wishes&nbsp;to&nbsp;thank&nbsp;Marcel&nbsp;Moolenar&nbsp;and&nbsp;Steven&nbsp;Arlow&nbsp;for&nbsp;their&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;assistance&nbsp;with&nbsp;this&nbsp;article.&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
===================End==========================&nbsp;<BR>
--&nbsp;<BR>
|======================+========================+====================|&nbsp;<BR>
|&nbsp;以无法为有法&nbsp;，&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;拳本无法，有法也空；&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;我爱GNU/Linux,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>
|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;以无限为有限&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;一法不立，无法不容。|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;因为我爱自由！&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>
|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>
|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;截拳道宗师-李小龙&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;意拳宗师-王芗斋&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;土人&nbsp;&nbsp;Linuxrat&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>
|======================+========================+====================|&nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
※&nbsp;来源:·BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;smth.org·[FROM:&nbsp;202.112.168.253]&nbsp;<BR>


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