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📁 一份很好的linux入门资料
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<HTML><HEAD>  <TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人:&nbsp;linuxrat&nbsp;(叫我老鼠错不了),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;新手基本必杀技![FWD]&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;(Mon&nbsp;Jan&nbsp;17&nbsp;16:19:10&nbsp;2000)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;hehe,&nbsp;新手经常不知道怎么找帮助.&nbsp;看看这片文章吧.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;老手么,&nbsp;看看也未必不可.&nbsp;很有启发的哦..&nbsp;:)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;URL:<A HREF="http://www.linuxnewbie.org/archinfo/WoW.html">http://www.linuxnewbie.org/archinfo/WoW.html</A>&nbsp;<BR>=======Begin==========&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;WoW&nbsp;(Words&nbsp;of&nbsp;Wisdom)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(what&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;when&nbsp;you&nbsp;don't&nbsp;know&nbsp;what&nbsp;to&nbsp;do)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;By:&nbsp;Geoff&nbsp;Horton&nbsp;(ghorton)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sooner&nbsp;or&nbsp;later,&nbsp;you'll&nbsp;need&nbsp;help&nbsp;getting&nbsp;something&nbsp;done&nbsp;in&nbsp;Linux.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Odds&nbsp;are,&nbsp;it&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;sooner.&nbsp;Here's&nbsp;how&nbsp;I&nbsp;suggest&nbsp;you&nbsp;go&nbsp;about&nbsp;getting&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;help.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Disclaimers:&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#1:&nbsp;On&nbsp;the&nbsp;off&nbsp;chance&nbsp;that&nbsp;something&nbsp;in&nbsp;here&nbsp;messes&nbsp;up&nbsp;your&nbsp;system,&nbsp;it&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;my&nbsp;fault.&nbsp;Protect&nbsp;yourself&nbsp;by&nbsp;not&nbsp;logging&nbsp;in&nbsp;as&nbsp;root&nbsp;unless&nbsp;you&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;absolutely&nbsp;have&nbsp;to.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#2:&nbsp;A&nbsp;lot&nbsp;of&nbsp;this&nbsp;file&nbsp;is&nbsp;my&nbsp;opinion.&nbsp;You&nbsp;may&nbsp;hear&nbsp;other&nbsp;ones.&nbsp;I&nbsp;think&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mine&nbsp;are&nbsp;right&nbsp;(or&nbsp;I&nbsp;wouldn't&nbsp;put&nbsp;them&nbsp;in&nbsp;writing),&nbsp;but&nbsp;don't&nbsp;take&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;what&nbsp;I&nbsp;say&nbsp;here&nbsp;as&nbsp;the&nbsp;last&nbsp;word.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Legend&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Words&nbsp;in&nbsp;Red&nbsp;like&nbsp;this&nbsp;are&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;commands,&nbsp;arguments,&nbsp;or&nbsp;other&nbsp;stuff&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;you'd&nbsp;type&nbsp;at&nbsp;a&nbsp;command&nbsp;prompt.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;When&nbsp;I&nbsp;tell&nbsp;you&nbsp;to&nbsp;type&nbsp;a&nbsp;command,&nbsp;you&nbsp;may&nbsp;safely&nbsp;assume&nbsp;that&nbsp;there's&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a&nbsp;&quot;Hit&nbsp;&lt;Enter&gt;&quot;&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;end&nbsp;of&nbsp;it.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Starting&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;You&nbsp;don't&nbsp;know&nbsp;the&nbsp;right&nbsp;command&nbsp;to&nbsp;use.&nbsp;Or&nbsp;your&nbsp;sound&nbsp;card&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;work.&nbsp;Or&nbsp;your&nbsp;screen&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;wrong&nbsp;size.&nbsp;Whatever&nbsp;it&nbsp;is,&nbsp;it&nbsp;isn't&nbsp;what&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;you&nbsp;want,&nbsp;and&nbsp;you're&nbsp;going&nbsp;crazy&nbsp;trying&nbsp;to&nbsp;fix&nbsp;it.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Words&nbsp;of&nbsp;Wisdom&nbsp;#1:&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Stay&nbsp;calm.&nbsp;Unless&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;under&nbsp;some&nbsp;sort&nbsp;of&nbsp;deadline,&nbsp;it's&nbsp;a&nbsp;good&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;idea&nbsp;to&nbsp;step&nbsp;away&nbsp;from&nbsp;your&nbsp;computer&nbsp;for&nbsp;a&nbsp;few&nbsp;minutes&nbsp;lets&nbsp;you&nbsp;do&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;something&nbsp;in&nbsp;frustration&nbsp;that&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;later&nbsp;regret.&nbsp;(If&nbsp;you're&nbsp;under&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a&nbsp;deadline,&nbsp;this&nbsp;might&nbsp;still&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;good&nbsp;idea;&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;very&nbsp;least,&nbsp;take&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;few&nbsp;deep&nbsp;breaths.)&nbsp;You'll&nbsp;spend&nbsp;a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;more&nbsp;time&nbsp;re-installing&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;after&nbsp;you've&nbsp;done&nbsp;something&nbsp;really&nbsp;stupid&nbsp;than&nbsp;you'd&nbsp;have&nbsp;spent&nbsp;taking&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a&nbsp;break&nbsp;to&nbsp;calm&nbsp;down&nbsp;and&nbsp;think.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Words&nbsp;of&nbsp;Wisdom&nbsp;#2:&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Look&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;answer&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;obvious&nbsp;place,&nbsp;if&nbsp;one&nbsp;exists.&nbsp;Obvious&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;places&nbsp;include&nbsp;printed&nbsp;material&nbsp;that&nbsp;came&nbsp;with&nbsp;your&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;distribution&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;or&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;device&nbsp;you're&nbsp;trying&nbsp;to&nbsp;install.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;an&nbsp;working&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Internet&nbsp;connection&nbsp;and&nbsp;Web&nbsp;browser,&nbsp;try&nbsp;going&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;manufacturer's&nbsp;Web&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;site&nbsp;and&nbsp;searching&nbsp;for&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;drivers&nbsp;or&nbsp;anything&nbsp;else&nbsp;that&nbsp;looks&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;useful.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A&nbsp;little-known&nbsp;fact:&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;probably&nbsp;browse&nbsp;the&nbsp;Web&nbsp;even&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;can't&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;get&nbsp;X-Windows&nbsp;working.&nbsp;Type&nbsp;lynx&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;command&nbsp;prompt&nbsp;and&nbsp;you'll&nbsp;get&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a&nbsp;character&nbsp;based&nbsp;Web&nbsp;browser.&nbsp;It&nbsp;ain't&nbsp;pretty,&nbsp;and&nbsp;it&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;do&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;everything&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;fancy&nbsp;graphics&nbsp;browsers&nbsp;will&nbsp;do,&nbsp;but&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;accomplish&nbsp;a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;with&nbsp;it.&nbsp;And&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;pretend&nbsp;you're&nbsp;back&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;early&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;days&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Web&nbsp;while&nbsp;you're&nbsp;at&nbsp;it!&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Words&nbsp;of&nbsp;Wisdom&nbsp;#3:&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Try&nbsp;the&nbsp;man&nbsp;pages.&nbsp;They&nbsp;cover&nbsp;not&nbsp;only&nbsp;commands&nbsp;but&nbsp;also&nbsp;file&nbsp;layouts.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;know&nbsp;what&nbsp;options&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;ls&nbsp;command,&nbsp;try&nbsp;ls.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;know&nbsp;what's&nbsp;what&nbsp;in&nbsp;inetd.conf,&nbsp;try&nbsp;man&nbsp;inetd.conf.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;It's&nbsp;entirely&nbsp;possible&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;man&nbsp;page&nbsp;you&nbsp;need&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;in&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geek-speak&nbsp;instead&nbsp;of&nbsp;English,&nbsp;but&nbsp;try&nbsp;reading&nbsp;it&nbsp;anyhow.&nbsp;You'll&nbsp;be&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;better&nbsp;off&nbsp;(in&nbsp;the&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;world)&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;become&nbsp;fluent&nbsp;in&nbsp;geek-speak,&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and,&nbsp;if&nbsp;the&nbsp;man&nbsp;page&nbsp;has&nbsp;nothing&nbsp;much&nbsp;helpful,&nbsp;it&nbsp;still&nbsp;might&nbsp;say&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(towards&nbsp;the&nbsp;end,&nbsp;usually)&nbsp;what&nbsp;other&nbsp;man&nbsp;pages&nbsp;might&nbsp;help.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;don't&nbsp;know&nbsp;what&nbsp;command&nbsp;you&nbsp;want&nbsp;but&nbsp;suspect&nbsp;that&nbsp;one&nbsp;must&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;exist,&nbsp;try&nbsp;the&nbsp;apropos&nbsp;command,&nbsp;which&nbsp;tells&nbsp;you&nbsp;what&nbsp;man&nbsp;pages&nbsp;contain&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a&nbsp;given&nbsp;keyword.&nbsp;For&nbsp;example,&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;know&nbsp;about&nbsp;devices,&nbsp;you&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;can&nbsp;try&nbsp;apropos&nbsp;device.&nbsp;This&nbsp;isn't&nbsp;a&nbsp;perfect&nbsp;solution,&nbsp;because&nbsp;you&nbsp;may&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;get&nbsp;pages&nbsp;and&nbsp;pages&nbsp;of&nbsp;results.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;got&nbsp;no&nbsp;results&nbsp;from&nbsp;apropos,&nbsp;either&nbsp;the&nbsp;keyword&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;appear&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on&nbsp;any&nbsp;man&nbsp;page,&nbsp;or&nbsp;your&nbsp;whatis&nbsp;database&nbsp;isn't&nbsp;built.&nbsp;To&nbsp;build&nbsp;it,&nbsp;log&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in&nbsp;or&nbsp;su&nbsp;as&nbsp;root,&nbsp;type/usr/sbin/makewhatis&nbsp;and&nbsp;log&nbsp;back&nbsp;out&nbsp;of&nbsp;root&nbsp;as&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;soon&nbsp;as&nbsp;the&nbsp;command&nbsp;finishes!&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Info&nbsp;is&nbsp;an&nbsp;alternative&nbsp;to&nbsp;man&nbsp;pages.&nbsp;Try&nbsp;typing&nbsp;info.&nbsp;I'm&nbsp;not&nbsp;sold&nbsp;on&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;info&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;help&nbsp;system&nbsp;because&nbsp;it's&nbsp;built&nbsp;on&nbsp;top&nbsp;of&nbsp;emacs,&nbsp;which&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;confusing,&nbsp;but&nbsp;you&nbsp;may&nbsp;find&nbsp;it&nbsp;just&nbsp;the&nbsp;ticket.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Words&nbsp;of&nbsp;Wisdom&nbsp;#4:&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Newbieized&nbsp;Help&nbsp;Files!&nbsp;They&nbsp;should&nbsp;be&nbsp;available&nbsp;where&nbsp;you&nbsp;found&nbsp;this&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;one.&nbsp;They&nbsp;aren't&nbsp;all-encompassing,&nbsp;but&nbsp;they&nbsp;may&nbsp;prove&nbsp;helpful&nbsp;if&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;there's&nbsp;one&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;topic&nbsp;you&nbsp;need.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Words&nbsp;of&nbsp;Wisdom&nbsp;#5:&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;HOWTO&nbsp;files&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;your&nbsp;friend.&nbsp;(They&nbsp;can&nbsp;also&nbsp;be&nbsp;incomprehensible.&nbsp;<BR>
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