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<TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人:&nbsp;althea&nbsp;(痛并快乐着),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;Performance&nbsp;Turing&nbsp;--&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;Turing&nbsp;Basics&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;(Tue&nbsp;Nov&nbsp;&nbsp;9&nbsp;01:52:11&nbsp;1999)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;Tuning&nbsp;Basics&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Before&nbsp;reading&nbsp;anything&nbsp;else,&nbsp;make&nbsp;sure&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;done&nbsp;this&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>1.&nbsp;Introduction&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>This&nbsp;site&nbsp;is&nbsp;focussed&nbsp;around&nbsp;performing&nbsp;tuning&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;box.&nbsp;<BR>That&nbsp;means&nbsp;attempting&nbsp;to&nbsp;wring&nbsp;the&nbsp;maximum&nbsp;performance&nbsp;possible&nbsp;<BR>from&nbsp;the&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;and&nbsp;software.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>There&nbsp;is&nbsp;no&nbsp;such&nbsp;thing&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;typical&nbsp;linux&nbsp;box.&nbsp;What&nbsp;we&nbsp;are&nbsp;<BR>attempting&nbsp;to&nbsp;show&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;items&nbsp;to&nbsp;look&nbsp;at&nbsp;when&nbsp;making&nbsp;<BR>optimisations&nbsp;to&nbsp;your&nbsp;system.&nbsp;As&nbsp;such,&nbsp;we&nbsp;have&nbsp;to&nbsp;assume&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>general&nbsp;base&nbsp;level&nbsp;of&nbsp;knowledge&nbsp;and&nbsp;system&nbsp;setup.&nbsp;The&nbsp;idea&nbsp;of&nbsp;<BR>this&nbsp;document&nbsp;is&nbsp;to&nbsp;provide&nbsp;that.&nbsp;At&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;time,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;bit&nbsp;<BR>of&nbsp;a&nbsp;prep&nbsp;into&nbsp;how&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;and&nbsp;software&nbsp;relate&nbsp;together&nbsp;(so&nbsp;that&nbsp;<BR>you&nbsp;understand&nbsp;why&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;rest&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;stuff&nbsp;at&nbsp;this&nbsp;site&nbsp;works).&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>If&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;using&nbsp;you&nbsp;system&nbsp;for&nbsp;typical&nbsp;home&nbsp;use,&nbsp;many&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>suggestions&nbsp;here&nbsp;might&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;bit&nbsp;of&nbsp;&quot;overkill&quot;.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;<BR>attempting&nbsp;to&nbsp;run&nbsp;a&nbsp;web&nbsp;server,&nbsp;mail&nbsp;server,&nbsp;database&nbsp;server,&nbsp;<BR>file&nbsp;server,&nbsp;etc.&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;make&nbsp;sure&nbsp;your&nbsp;system&nbsp;follows&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;guidelines&nbsp;presented&nbsp;here.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;don't,&nbsp;many&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>suggestion&nbsp;presented&nbsp;thought&nbsp;the&nbsp;rest&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;site&nbsp;may&nbsp;not&nbsp;have&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;effect&nbsp;that&nbsp;is&nbsp;expected.&nbsp;In&nbsp;other&nbsp;words,&nbsp;before&nbsp;you&nbsp;push&nbsp;your&nbsp;<BR>system&nbsp;pass&nbsp;the&nbsp;limits,&nbsp;make&nbsp;sure&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;reaching&nbsp;the&nbsp;limits&nbsp;<BR>first!&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>1.1&nbsp;What&nbsp;is&nbsp;covered&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>This&nbsp;document&nbsp;is&nbsp;structured&nbsp;around&nbsp;three&nbsp;basic&nbsp;areas&nbsp;for&nbsp;that&nbsp;all&nbsp;<BR>tuning&nbsp;attempts&nbsp;to&nbsp;make&nbsp;the&nbsp;most&nbsp;of:&nbsp;Disk,&nbsp;Networking,&nbsp;Memory.&nbsp;<BR>Without&nbsp;these&nbsp;working&nbsp;to&nbsp;their&nbsp;maximum&nbsp;extent&nbsp;your&nbsp;CPU&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;<BR>wasting&nbsp;clock&nbsp;cycles.&nbsp;No&nbsp;point&nbsp;having&nbsp;a&nbsp;Pentium&nbsp;IX/6GHz&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;<BR>only&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;14k4&nbsp;modem&nbsp;and&nbsp;an&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;disk.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>1.2&nbsp;Further&nbsp;Information&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Also,&nbsp;the&nbsp;following&nbsp;links&nbsp;might&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;good&nbsp;way&nbsp;to&nbsp;get&nbsp;started&nbsp;<BR>before&nbsp;you&nbsp;read&nbsp;the&nbsp;rest&nbsp;of&nbsp;this:&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Benchmarking&nbsp;HOWTO&nbsp;(a&nbsp;bit&nbsp;dated)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<A HREF="http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Benchmarking-HOWTO.html">http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Benchmarking-HOWTO.html</A>&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Configuration&nbsp;HOWTO&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<A HREF="http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Config-HOWTO.html">http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Config-HOWTO.html</A>&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Installation&nbsp;HOWTO&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<A HREF="http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO.html">http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO.html</A>&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>2.&nbsp;Disk&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Disks&nbsp;come&nbsp;in&nbsp;many&nbsp;forms,&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;old&nbsp;MFM/RLL&nbsp;drives&nbsp;to&nbsp;today's&nbsp;<BR>SCSI&nbsp;screamers.&nbsp;Optimising&nbsp;for&nbsp;this&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;difficult.&nbsp;Luckily,&nbsp;<BR>hard&nbsp;drives&nbsp;are&nbsp;a&nbsp;constant&nbsp;that&nbsp;you&nbsp;know&nbsp;about&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;box&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;<BR>working&nbsp;on.&nbsp;Disks&nbsp;keep&nbsp;a&nbsp;permanent&nbsp;record&nbsp;of&nbsp;everything&nbsp;that&nbsp;<BR>occurs&nbsp;so&nbsp;that&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;switch&nbsp;the&nbsp;power&nbsp;off&nbsp;and&nbsp;restart&nbsp;the&nbsp;box&nbsp;<BR>in&nbsp;pretty&nbsp;much&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;state&nbsp;as&nbsp;it&nbsp;was&nbsp;before.&nbsp;Therefore,&nbsp;almost&nbsp;<BR>every&nbsp;form&nbsp;of&nbsp;service&nbsp;ends&nbsp;up&nbsp;needing&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;a&nbsp;disk&nbsp;somewhere.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>2.1&nbsp;Simple&nbsp;Disk&nbsp;I/O&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Today&nbsp;there&nbsp;are&nbsp;two&nbsp;basic&nbsp;mainstream&nbsp;standards&nbsp;for&nbsp;talking&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>disk&nbsp;-&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;and&nbsp;SCSI.&nbsp;A&nbsp;third&nbsp;standard&nbsp;-&nbsp;FibreChannel&nbsp;is&nbsp;available&nbsp;<BR>to&nbsp;the&nbsp;really,&nbsp;really&nbsp;expensive&nbsp;systems.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;two&nbsp;standards&nbsp;are&nbsp;more&nbsp;or&nbsp;less&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;age,&nbsp;give&nbsp;or&nbsp;take&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>year&nbsp;or&nbsp;two(SCSI&nbsp;being&nbsp;the&nbsp;slightly&nbsp;older).&nbsp;Both&nbsp;have&nbsp;been&nbsp;<BR>stretched&nbsp;well&nbsp;beyond&nbsp;their&nbsp;original&nbsp;specs.&nbsp;No&nbsp;matter&nbsp;what&nbsp;we&nbsp;say&nbsp;<BR>about&nbsp;the&nbsp;current&nbsp;best&nbsp;transfer&nbsp;rates,&nbsp;they&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;out&nbsp;of&nbsp;date&nbsp;<BR>within&nbsp;the&nbsp;next&nbsp;few&nbsp;months&nbsp;anyway.&nbsp;So,&nbsp;we'll&nbsp;concentrate&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>basic&nbsp;philosophical&nbsp;differences.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>SCSI&nbsp;started&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;high&nbsp;end&nbsp;and&nbsp;worked&nbsp;its&nbsp;way&nbsp;down.&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;started&nbsp;<BR>at&nbsp;the&nbsp;bottom&nbsp;and&nbsp;worked&nbsp;its&nbsp;way&nbsp;up.&nbsp;For&nbsp;a&nbsp;given&nbsp;machine,&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>single&nbsp;SCSI&nbsp;controller&nbsp;can&nbsp;handle&nbsp;more&nbsp;devices&nbsp;(15)&nbsp;than&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;(4).&nbsp;<BR>Both&nbsp;can&nbsp;handle&nbsp;hard&nbsp;disks,&nbsp;removable&nbsp;media&nbsp;like&nbsp;CDs&nbsp;and&nbsp;tape,&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;floppy&nbsp;drives.&nbsp;Where&nbsp;they&nbsp;differ&nbsp;is&nbsp;how&nbsp;they&nbsp;approach&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>real&nbsp;low&nbsp;level&nbsp;stuff&nbsp;like&nbsp;controlling&nbsp;the&nbsp;access&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;device.&nbsp;<BR>SCSI&nbsp;devices&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;controller&nbsp;chip&nbsp;that&nbsp;is&nbsp;used&nbsp;to&nbsp;process&nbsp;most&nbsp;<BR>of&nbsp;the&nbsp;information&nbsp;during&nbsp;the&nbsp;transfers.&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;does&nbsp;not&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>controller.&nbsp;Therefore&nbsp;most&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;control&nbsp;must&nbsp;be&nbsp;done&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>CPU.&nbsp;So,&nbsp;instantly,&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;heavily&nbsp;loaded&nbsp;system,&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;see&nbsp;that&nbsp;<BR>a&nbsp;SCSI&nbsp;device&nbsp;will&nbsp;not&nbsp;load&nbsp;the&nbsp;system&nbsp;up&nbsp;as&nbsp;much&nbsp;as&nbsp;an&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;<BR>device.&nbsp;If&nbsp;your&nbsp;system&nbsp;needs&nbsp;a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;of&nbsp;CPU&nbsp;grunt&nbsp;for&nbsp;processing&nbsp;<BR>databases&nbsp;or&nbsp;dynamic&nbsp;web&nbsp;pages&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;see&nbsp;that&nbsp;otherwise&nbsp;<BR>identical&nbsp;systems&nbsp;will&nbsp;producer&nbsp;a&nbsp;faster&nbsp;system&nbsp;with&nbsp;SCSI&nbsp;drives.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>If&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;going&nbsp;for&nbsp;performance&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;system,&nbsp;you&nbsp;need&nbsp;SCSI.&nbsp;<BR>While&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;do&nbsp;it&nbsp;with&nbsp;UDMA/IDE,&nbsp;anything&nbsp;that&nbsp;is&nbsp;high&nbsp;disk&nbsp;i/o&nbsp;<BR>needs&nbsp;to&nbsp;move&nbsp;the&nbsp;disk&nbsp;processing&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;main&nbsp;CPU&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;SCSI&nbsp;<BR>controller.&nbsp;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;basic&nbsp;approach&nbsp;of&nbsp;many&nbsp;computer&nbsp;tasks.&nbsp;<BR>Want&nbsp;faster&nbsp;3D&nbsp;graphics,&nbsp;move&nbsp;the&nbsp;task&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;dedicated&nbsp;video&nbsp;chip.&nbsp;<BR>Better&nbsp;sound&nbsp;-&nbsp;get&nbsp;a&nbsp;dedicated&nbsp;sound&nbsp;card.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>2.2&nbsp;Single&nbsp;v's&nbsp;Multiple&nbsp;Disks&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Hard&nbsp;drives&nbsp;are&nbsp;cheap.&nbsp;Rarely&nbsp;these&nbsp;days&nbsp;do&nbsp;you&nbsp;find&nbsp;a&nbsp;box&nbsp;<BR>running&nbsp;around&nbsp;with&nbsp;only&nbsp;a&nbsp;single&nbsp;drive&nbsp;in&nbsp;it.&nbsp;There&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;huge&nbsp;<BR>difference&nbsp;between&nbsp;having&nbsp;two&nbsp;disks&nbsp;in&nbsp;your&nbsp;machine&nbsp;and&nbsp;a&nbsp;RAID&nbsp;<BR>system.&nbsp;However,&nbsp;any&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;tricks&nbsp;of&nbsp;RAID&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;applied&nbsp;to&nbsp;your&nbsp;<BR>humble&nbsp;desktop.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Put&nbsp;simply,&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;more&nbsp;than&nbsp;one&nbsp;disk&nbsp;in&nbsp;you&nbsp;machine,&nbsp;make&nbsp;<BR>use&nbsp;of&nbsp;it.&nbsp;Even&nbsp;with&nbsp;IDE,&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;make&nbsp;some&nbsp;very&nbsp;significant&nbsp;<BR>performance&nbsp;gains&nbsp;by&nbsp;using&nbsp;both&nbsp;disks&nbsp;in&nbsp;parallel.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>With&nbsp;the&nbsp;speed&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;modern&nbsp;bus,&nbsp;a&nbsp;single&nbsp;disk&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;capable&nbsp;of&nbsp;<BR>consuming&nbsp;all&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;available&nbsp;bandwidth.&nbsp;A&nbsp;well&nbsp;tuned&nbsp;system&nbsp;<BR>seeks&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;as&nbsp;much&nbsp;bandwidth&nbsp;as&nbsp;possible.&nbsp;Having&nbsp;two&nbsp;or&nbsp;more&nbsp;<BR>drives&nbsp;operating&nbsp;in&nbsp;parallel&nbsp;means&nbsp;much&nbsp;higher&nbsp;bandwidth&nbsp;<BR>utilisation.&nbsp;For&nbsp;example,&nbsp;say&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;the&nbsp;typical&nbsp;/&nbsp;and&nbsp;/usr&nbsp;<BR>setup&nbsp;on&nbsp;two&nbsp;different&nbsp;partitions.&nbsp;If&nbsp;there&nbsp;are&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;disk,&nbsp;<BR>it&nbsp;will&nbsp;run&nbsp;slower&nbsp;than&nbsp;having&nbsp;one&nbsp;on&nbsp;each&nbsp;disk.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>2.3&nbsp;Organise&nbsp;the&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>If&nbsp;there&nbsp;is&nbsp;any&nbsp;chance&nbsp;in&nbsp;your&nbsp;system&nbsp;to&nbsp;make&nbsp;things&nbsp;run&nbsp;in&nbsp;<BR>parallel&nbsp;-&nbsp;do&nbsp;so.&nbsp;All&nbsp;modern&nbsp;systems&nbsp;come&nbsp;with&nbsp;dual&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;channels&nbsp;<BR>in&nbsp;them.&nbsp;Run&nbsp;one&nbsp;disk&nbsp;on&nbsp;each&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;two&nbsp;disks.&nbsp;This&nbsp;applies&nbsp;<BR>to&nbsp;any&nbsp;device&nbsp;connected&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;controller:&nbsp;including&nbsp;CDROMs&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;floppies.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>With&nbsp;SCSI,&nbsp;this&nbsp;decision&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;bit&nbsp;tough.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;two&nbsp;<BR>controllers&nbsp;and&nbsp;two&nbsp;disks,&nbsp;should&nbsp;you&nbsp;go&nbsp;this&nbsp;parallel&nbsp;route?&nbsp;<BR>Probably&nbsp;not&nbsp;(discounting&nbsp;the&nbsp;RAID&nbsp;controller&nbsp;and&nbsp;standard&nbsp;<BR>controller&nbsp;pairings).&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;a&nbsp;lot&nbsp;of&nbsp;disk&nbsp;to&nbsp;disk&nbsp;<BR>copying&nbsp;then&nbsp;keeping&nbsp;two&nbsp;SCSI&nbsp;disks&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;bus&nbsp;actually&nbsp;is&nbsp;<BR>much&nbsp;quicker&nbsp;than&nbsp;having&nbsp;them&nbsp;on&nbsp;separate&nbsp;ones&nbsp;(the&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;pass&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;data&nbsp;over&nbsp;the&nbsp;internal&nbsp;system&nbsp;bus&nbsp;is&nbsp;usually&nbsp;much&nbsp;slower).&nbsp;If&nbsp;<BR>there&nbsp;is&nbsp;minimal&nbsp;disk&nbsp;to&nbsp;disk&nbsp;transfer&nbsp;then&nbsp;parallelling&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>good&nbsp;option.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>SCSI&nbsp;also&nbsp;provides&nbsp;another&nbsp;challenge:&nbsp;The&nbsp;SCSI&nbsp;bus&nbsp;runs&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;<BR>speed&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;slowest&nbsp;device&nbsp;on&nbsp;it.&nbsp;Get&nbsp;an&nbsp;old&nbsp;SCSI&nbsp;I&nbsp;drive&nbsp;and&nbsp;<BR>connect&nbsp;it&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;an&nbsp;Ultra&nbsp;Wide&nbsp;controller&nbsp;and&nbsp;another&nbsp;UW&nbsp;disk&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;everything&nbsp;runs&nbsp;like&nbsp;wet&nbsp;cement.&nbsp;Keep&nbsp;them&nbsp;on&nbsp;separate&nbsp;<BR>controllers&nbsp;if&nbsp;at&nbsp;all&nbsp;possible.&nbsp;This&nbsp;problem&nbsp;does&nbsp;not&nbsp;seem&nbsp;to&nbsp;<BR>effect&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;drives&nbsp;as&nbsp;much.&nbsp;Obviously,&nbsp;from&nbsp;this,&nbsp;you&nbsp;should&nbsp;try&nbsp;<BR>to&nbsp;keep&nbsp;devices&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;speed&nbsp;connected&nbsp;together.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;have&nbsp;<BR>SCSI&nbsp;hard&nbsp;drives,&nbsp;instead&nbsp;of&nbsp;slaping&nbsp;a&nbsp;SCSI&nbsp;CDROM&nbsp;on&nbsp;with&nbsp;them,&nbsp;<BR>get&nbsp;an&nbsp;IDE&nbsp;cdrom&nbsp;unless&nbsp;you&nbsp;happen&nbsp;to&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;Ultra&nbsp;SCSI&nbsp;II&nbsp;cdrom&nbsp;<BR>to&nbsp;put&nbsp;with&nbsp;your&nbsp;ULTRA&nbsp;II&nbsp;Hard&nbsp;Drives&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>2.4&nbsp;Organise&nbsp;your&nbsp;data&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;simplest&nbsp;rule&nbsp;-&nbsp;the&nbsp;thing&nbsp;that&nbsp;requires&nbsp;the&nbsp;most&nbsp;data&nbsp;should&nbsp;<BR>go&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;fastest&nbsp;drive&nbsp;you've&nbsp;got.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>With&nbsp;RAID,&nbsp;it&nbsp;has&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;capable&nbsp;bandwidth&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;lot.&nbsp;That&nbsp;<BR>
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