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📁 一份很好的linux入门资料
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<TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人:&nbsp;Hanky@FruitTea1&nbsp;(骗谁啊？),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;SysV&nbsp;init&nbsp;2.6&nbsp;的开机过程&nbsp;(二)&nbsp;附件一&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;果茶小站&nbsp;(Wed&nbsp;May&nbsp;29&nbsp;21:39:12&nbsp;1996)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>PATH=&quot;/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin&quot;&nbsp;<BR>umask&nbsp;022&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;&quot;Running&nbsp;/etc/init.d/boot...&quot;&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;enable&nbsp;kerneld&nbsp;<BR>if&nbsp;[&nbsp;-x&nbsp;/sbin/kerneld&nbsp;];&nbsp;then&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;/sbin/kerneld&nbsp;<BR>fi&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;把&nbsp;md&nbsp;跑起来&nbsp;<BR>if&nbsp;[&nbsp;-s&nbsp;/etc/mdtab&nbsp;-a&nbsp;-f&nbsp;/sbin/mdadd&nbsp;]&nbsp;<BR>then&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;mdadd&nbsp;-ar&nbsp;<BR>fi&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;&quot;Activating&nbsp;swap...&quot;&nbsp;<BR>swapon&nbsp;-a&nbsp;2&gt;/dev/null&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Ensure&nbsp;that&nbsp;bdflush&nbsp;(update)&nbsp;is&nbsp;running&nbsp;before&nbsp;any&nbsp;major&nbsp;I/O&nbsp;is&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;performed&nbsp;(the&nbsp;following&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;good&nbsp;example&nbsp;of&nbsp;such&nbsp;activity&nbsp;:).&nbsp;<BR>update&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Check&nbsp;the&nbsp;integrity&nbsp;of&nbsp;all&nbsp;file&nbsp;systems&nbsp;(if&nbsp;not&nbsp;a&nbsp;fastboot).&nbsp;<BR>if&nbsp;[&nbsp;!&nbsp;-f&nbsp;/fastboot&nbsp;]&nbsp;<BR>then&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;Ensure&nbsp;that&nbsp;root&nbsp;is&nbsp;quiescent&nbsp;and&nbsp;read-only&nbsp;before&nbsp;fsck'ing.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;mount&nbsp;-n&nbsp;-o&nbsp;remount,ro&nbsp;/&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;if&nbsp;[&nbsp;$?&nbsp;=&nbsp;0&nbsp;]&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;then&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;Checking&nbsp;file&nbsp;systems...&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fsck&nbsp;-A&nbsp;-a&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;If&nbsp;there&nbsp;was&nbsp;a&nbsp;failure,&nbsp;drop&nbsp;into&nbsp;single-user&nbsp;mode.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;NOTE:&nbsp;&quot;failure&quot;&nbsp;is&nbsp;defined&nbsp;as&nbsp;exiting&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;return&nbsp;code&nbsp;of&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;2&nbsp;or&nbsp;larger.&nbsp;&nbsp;A&nbsp;return&nbsp;code&nbsp;of&nbsp;1&nbsp;indicates&nbsp;that&nbsp;file&nbsp;system&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;errors&nbsp;were&nbsp;corrected&nbsp;but&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;boot&nbsp;may&nbsp;proceed.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if&nbsp;[&nbsp;$?&nbsp;-gt&nbsp;1&nbsp;]&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;then&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;Surprise!&nbsp;Re-directing&nbsp;from&nbsp;a&nbsp;HERE&nbsp;document&nbsp;(as&nbsp;in&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;&quot;cat&nbsp;&lt;&lt;&nbsp;EOF&quot;)&nbsp;won't&nbsp;work,&nbsp;because&nbsp;the&nbsp;root&nbsp;is&nbsp;read-only.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;fsck&nbsp;failed.&nbsp;&nbsp;Please&nbsp;repair&nbsp;manually&nbsp;and&nbsp;reboot.&nbsp;&nbsp;Please&nbsp;note&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;root&nbsp;file&nbsp;system&nbsp;is&nbsp;currently&nbsp;mounted&nbsp;read-only.&nbsp;&nbsp;To&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;remount&nbsp;it&nbsp;read-write:&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bash#&nbsp;mount&nbsp;-n&nbsp;-o&nbsp;remount,rw&nbsp;/&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;CONTROL-D&nbsp;will&nbsp;reboot&nbsp;the&nbsp;system.&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;Start&nbsp;a&nbsp;single&nbsp;user&nbsp;shell&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;console&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/sbin/sulogin&nbsp;/dev/console&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sync&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;reboot&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fi&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;else&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;***&nbsp;ERROR!&nbsp;&nbsp;Cannot&nbsp;fsck&nbsp;because&nbsp;root&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;read-only!&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;fi&nbsp;<BR>else&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;***&nbsp;Fast&nbsp;boot&nbsp;...&nbsp;skipping&nbsp;disk&nbsp;checks&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;<BR>fi&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Remount&nbsp;the&nbsp;root&nbsp;file&nbsp;system&nbsp;in&nbsp;read-write&nbsp;mode.&nbsp;<BR>mount&nbsp;-n&nbsp;-o&nbsp;remount,rw&nbsp;/&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Load&nbsp;the&nbsp;appropriate&nbsp;modules.&nbsp;<BR>if&nbsp;[&nbsp;-x&nbsp;/etc/init.d/modules&nbsp;]&nbsp;<BR>then&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/init.d/modules&nbsp;<BR>fi&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Remove&nbsp;/etc/mtab*,&nbsp;/etc/rmtab,&nbsp;/etc/nologin&nbsp;and&nbsp;/fastboot.&nbsp;<BR>rm&nbsp;-f&nbsp;/etc/mtab*&nbsp;/etc/nologin&nbsp;/fastboot&nbsp;/etc/rmtab&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;update&nbsp;/etc/psdatabase&nbsp;<BR>psupdate&nbsp;2&gt;&nbsp;/dev/null&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;or&nbsp;<BR>#ps&nbsp;-U&nbsp;2&gt;&nbsp;/dev/null&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Mount&nbsp;local&nbsp;file&nbsp;systems&nbsp;in&nbsp;/etc/fstab.&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;&quot;Mounting&nbsp;local&nbsp;file&nbsp;systems...&quot;&nbsp;<BR>mount&nbsp;-avt&nbsp;nonfs&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Execute&nbsp;swapon&nbsp;command&nbsp;again,&nbsp;in&nbsp;case&nbsp;we&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;swap&nbsp;to&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;a&nbsp;file&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;now&nbsp;mounted&nbsp;filesystem.&nbsp;<BR>swapon&nbsp;-a&nbsp;2&gt;/dev/null&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Setup&nbsp;the&nbsp;network&nbsp;interfaces.&nbsp;Note&nbsp;that&nbsp;/var/run&nbsp;and&nbsp;/var/lock&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;are&nbsp;cleaned&nbsp;up&nbsp;after&nbsp;this,&nbsp;so&nbsp;don't&nbsp;put&nbsp;anything&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;&quot;network&quot;&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;script&nbsp;that&nbsp;leave&nbsp;a&nbsp;pidfile&nbsp;or&nbsp;a&nbsp;lockfile.&nbsp;<BR>if&nbsp;[&nbsp;-x&nbsp;/etc/init.d/network&nbsp;]&nbsp;<BR>then&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/init.d/network&nbsp;<BR>fi&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Set&nbsp;hostname.&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;If&nbsp;there's&nbsp;no&nbsp;/etc/HOSTNAME,&nbsp;fall&nbsp;back&nbsp;on&nbsp;this&nbsp;default:&nbsp;<BR>if&nbsp;[&nbsp;!&nbsp;-r&nbsp;/etc/HOSTNAME&nbsp;];&nbsp;then&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;Henry.Dorm10.NCTU.edu.tw&quot;&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;/etc/HOSTNAME&nbsp;<BR>fi&nbsp;<BR>cat&nbsp;/etc/HOSTNAME&nbsp;|&nbsp;cut&nbsp;-f1&nbsp;-d&nbsp;.&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;/etc/hostname&nbsp;<BR>hostname&nbsp;--file&nbsp;/etc/hostname&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Now&nbsp;that&nbsp;TCP/IP&nbsp;is&nbsp;configured,&nbsp;mount&nbsp;the&nbsp;NFS&nbsp;file&nbsp;systems&nbsp;in&nbsp;/etc/fstab.&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;&quot;Mounting&nbsp;remote&nbsp;file&nbsp;systems...&quot;&nbsp;<BR>mount&nbsp;-a&nbsp;-t&nbsp;nfs&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Update&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;shared&nbsp;library&nbsp;links&nbsp;automatically&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;&quot;Update&nbsp;/etc/ld.so.cache&nbsp;and&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;shared&nbsp;library&nbsp;links.&quot;&nbsp;<BR>/sbin/ldconfig&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Set&nbsp;GMT=&quot;-u&quot;&nbsp;if&nbsp;your&nbsp;system&nbsp;clock&nbsp;is&nbsp;set&nbsp;to&nbsp;GMT,&nbsp;and&nbsp;GMT=&quot;&quot;&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;if&nbsp;not.&nbsp;<BR>GMT=&quot;&quot;&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Set&nbsp;and&nbsp;adjust&nbsp;the&nbsp;CMOS&nbsp;clock.&nbsp;<BR>clock&nbsp;-s&nbsp;$GMT&nbsp;<BR>if&nbsp;[&nbsp;!&nbsp;-f&nbsp;/etc/adjtime&nbsp;]&nbsp;<BR>then&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;&quot;0.0&nbsp;0&nbsp;0.0&quot;&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;/etc/adjtime&nbsp;<BR>fi&nbsp;<BR>clock&nbsp;-a&nbsp;$GMT&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Now&nbsp;that&nbsp;/usr/lib/zoneinfo&nbsp;should&nbsp;be&nbsp;available,&nbsp;announce&nbsp;the&nbsp;local&nbsp;time.&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;&quot;Local&nbsp;time:&nbsp;`date`&quot;&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Wipe&nbsp;/tmp&nbsp;(and&nbsp;don't&nbsp;erase&nbsp;`lost+found',&nbsp;`quota.user'&nbsp;or&nbsp;`quota.group')!&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Note&nbsp;that&nbsp;files&nbsp;_in_&nbsp;lost+found&nbsp;_are_&nbsp;deleted.&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;-n&nbsp;&quot;Cleaning&nbsp;up&nbsp;/tmp,&nbsp;/var/run&nbsp;and&nbsp;/var/lock...&nbsp;&quot;&nbsp;<BR>(&nbsp;cd&nbsp;/tmp&nbsp;&amp;&amp;&nbsp;\&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;find&nbsp;.&nbsp;\&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;!&nbsp;-name&nbsp;.\&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;!&nbsp;\(&nbsp;-name&nbsp;lost+found&nbsp;-uid&nbsp;0&nbsp;\)&nbsp;\&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;!&nbsp;\(&nbsp;-name&nbsp;quota.user&nbsp;-uid&nbsp;0&nbsp;\)&nbsp;\&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;!&nbsp;\(&nbsp;-name&nbsp;quota.group&nbsp;-uid&nbsp;0&nbsp;\)&nbsp;\&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-depth&nbsp;-exec&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-rf&nbsp;--&nbsp;{}&nbsp;\;&nbsp;)&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Clean&nbsp;up&nbsp;any&nbsp;stale&nbsp;locks.&nbsp;<BR>(&nbsp;cd&nbsp;/var/lock&nbsp;&amp;&amp;&nbsp;find&nbsp;.&nbsp;-type&nbsp;f&nbsp;-exec&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-f&nbsp;--&nbsp;{}&nbsp;\;&nbsp;)&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Clean&nbsp;up&nbsp;/var/run&nbsp;and&nbsp;create&nbsp;/var/run/utmp&nbsp;so&nbsp;that&nbsp;we&nbsp;can&nbsp;login.&nbsp;<BR>(&nbsp;cd&nbsp;/var/run&nbsp;&amp;&amp;&nbsp;find&nbsp;.&nbsp;!&nbsp;-type&nbsp;d&nbsp;-exec&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-f&nbsp;--&nbsp;{}&nbsp;\;&nbsp;)&nbsp;<BR>∶<I>&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;/var/run/utmp&nbsp;</I><BR>echo&nbsp;&quot;done.&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Run&nbsp;the&nbsp;package-specific&nbsp;boot&nbsp;scripts&nbsp;in&nbsp;/etc/rc.boot.&nbsp;<BR>run-parts&nbsp;/etc/rc.boot&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Set&nbsp;pseudo-terminal&nbsp;access&nbsp;permissions.&nbsp;<BR>chmod&nbsp;666&nbsp;/dev/tty[pqrstuvwxyzabcde]*&nbsp;<BR>chown&nbsp;root.tty&nbsp;/dev/tty[pqrstuvwxyzabcde]*&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;Setup&nbsp;the&nbsp;/etc/issue.net&nbsp;to&nbsp;reflect&nbsp;the&nbsp;current&nbsp;kernel&nbsp;level:&nbsp;<BR>cat&nbsp;/etc/issue&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;/etc/issue.net&nbsp;<BR>uname&nbsp;-a&nbsp;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;/etc/issue.net&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;/etc/issue.net&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>touch&nbsp;/etc/motd&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>#&nbsp;and&nbsp;startup&nbsp;powerd&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;&quot;Start&nbsp;up&nbsp;the&nbsp;genpowerd&quot;&nbsp;;&nbsp;/sbin/genpowerd&nbsp;/dev/UPS&nbsp;henry&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER></BODY></HTML>

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