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<HTML><HEAD>  <TITLE>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</TITLE></HEAD><BODY><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER>发信人:&nbsp;embonnie&nbsp;(终日乾乾),&nbsp;信区:&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>标&nbsp;&nbsp;题:&nbsp;[文章]通过mc恢复被删除文件[转载]&nbsp;<BR>发信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;(Tue&nbsp;Oct&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;22:44:38&nbsp;2000)&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>是呀，你们都通过root登录，所以你们删除了不少信件之后就后悔莫及了。&nbsp;<BR>为了避免国家分配给清华每年最多只能自杀两个人的指标被超越，所以&nbsp;<BR>特意献上下文，也为清华和其他院校的人做点人道主义的贡献。嘿嘿...&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>URL：<A HREF="http://linuxmonth.com/issue2/articles/undelete/undelete.html">http://linuxmonth.com/issue2/articles/undelete/undelete.html</A>&nbsp;<BR>=================================================================&nbsp;<BR>标题：通过mc恢复被删除文件&nbsp;<BR>作者：William&nbsp;Stearns&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>File&nbsp;Recovery&nbsp;<BR>by:&nbsp;William&nbsp;Stearns&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Recovering&nbsp;Deleted&nbsp;Files&nbsp;with&nbsp;&quot;mc&quot;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>There&nbsp;wasn't&nbsp;anything&nbsp;unusual&nbsp;about&nbsp;getting&nbsp;a&nbsp;call&nbsp;at&nbsp;7pm&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;Friday;&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>when&nbsp;one&nbsp;works&nbsp;at&nbsp;home,&nbsp;one&nbsp;is&nbsp;always&nbsp;accessible.&nbsp;What&nbsp;was&nbsp;unusual&nbsp;was&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;tone&nbsp;of&nbsp;voice&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;other&nbsp;end;&nbsp;the&nbsp;stress&nbsp;level&nbsp;was&nbsp;unmistakeable.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>One&nbsp;of&nbsp;my&nbsp;coworkers&nbsp;was&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;other&nbsp;end&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;line&nbsp;explaining&nbsp;how&nbsp;an&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>errant&nbsp;space&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;script&nbsp;had,&nbsp;ahem,&nbsp;removed&nbsp;the&nbsp;entire&nbsp;home&nbsp;directory&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>tree&nbsp;of&nbsp;one&nbsp;of&nbsp;our&nbsp;development&nbsp;machines.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Once&nbsp;I&nbsp;had&nbsp;explained&nbsp;that&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;have&nbsp;a&nbsp;true&nbsp;undelete&nbsp;utility,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>we&nbsp;started&nbsp;to&nbsp;recover&nbsp;files&nbsp;from&nbsp;our&nbsp;backup&nbsp;tapes.&nbsp;By&nbsp;Monday&nbsp;morning,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>most&nbsp;everything&nbsp;was&nbsp;back&nbsp;as&nbsp;it&nbsp;should&nbsp;have&nbsp;been.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>In&nbsp;the&nbsp;stress&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;moment,&nbsp;I&nbsp;had&nbsp;forgotten&nbsp;something.&nbsp;It&nbsp;is&nbsp;possible&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>to&nbsp;recover&nbsp;deleted&nbsp;files&nbsp;from&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;systems,&nbsp;but&nbsp;it&nbsp;needs&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;done&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>soon&nbsp;after&nbsp;the&nbsp;files&nbsp;were&nbsp;nuked.&nbsp;Just&nbsp;like&nbsp;in&nbsp;Windows,&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;wait&nbsp;too&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>long,&nbsp;there's&nbsp;a&nbsp;chance&nbsp;the&nbsp;contents&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;files&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;overwritten.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>I&nbsp;had&nbsp;learned&nbsp;about&nbsp;this&nbsp;feature&nbsp;while&nbsp;working&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;Midnight&nbsp;Commander&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>file&nbsp;manager&nbsp;in&nbsp;1998.&nbsp;The&nbsp;delete&nbsp;keystroke&nbsp;will&nbsp;either&nbsp;delete&nbsp;the&nbsp;file&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>under&nbsp;the&nbsp;cursor,&nbsp;or&nbsp;all&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;selected&nbsp;files&nbsp;if&nbsp;any&nbsp;are&nbsp;selected.&nbsp;I&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>wanted&nbsp;to&nbsp;delete&nbsp;the&nbsp;file&nbsp;under&nbsp;the&nbsp;cursor&nbsp;but&nbsp;had&nbsp;forgotten&nbsp;that&nbsp;all&nbsp;of&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;files&nbsp;in&nbsp;my&nbsp;documents&nbsp;directory&nbsp;were&nbsp;selected&nbsp;-&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;guess&nbsp;what&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>happened.&nbsp;It&nbsp;certainly&nbsp;wasn't&nbsp;the&nbsp;file&nbsp;manager's&nbsp;fault;&nbsp;I&nbsp;acknowledged&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;request&nbsp;before&nbsp;thinking&nbsp;about&nbsp;the&nbsp;fact&nbsp;that&nbsp;multiple&nbsp;files&nbsp;were&nbsp;selected.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>I&nbsp;certainly&nbsp;thought&nbsp;about&nbsp;it&nbsp;afterwards!&nbsp;*smile*&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Steven&nbsp;Hirsch,&nbsp;a&nbsp;good&nbsp;friend&nbsp;and&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;mentor,&nbsp;was&nbsp;kind&nbsp;enough&nbsp;to&nbsp;explain&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>how&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;a&nbsp;(then&nbsp;specially-compiled&nbsp;version&nbsp;of)&nbsp;Midnight&nbsp;Commander&nbsp;to&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>recover&nbsp;the&nbsp;files.&nbsp;It&nbsp;was&nbsp;more&nbsp;than&nbsp;a&nbsp;bit&nbsp;ironic&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;tool&nbsp;that&nbsp;had&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>erased&nbsp;my&nbsp;files&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;blinding&nbsp;speed&nbsp;one&nbsp;finds&nbsp;in&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;was&nbsp;my&nbsp;best&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>hope&nbsp;for&nbsp;getting&nbsp;them&nbsp;back.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>While&nbsp;I'm&nbsp;sincerely&nbsp;hoping&nbsp;that&nbsp;you&nbsp;never&nbsp;see&nbsp;hundreds&nbsp;of&nbsp;needed&nbsp;files&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>evaporating&nbsp;at&nbsp;high&nbsp;speed,&nbsp;I'd&nbsp;like&nbsp;you&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;ready&nbsp;when&nbsp;that&nbsp;day&nbsp;comes.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>You'll&nbsp;probably&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;this&nbsp;as&nbsp;root;&nbsp;we'll&nbsp;be&nbsp;mounting&nbsp;and&nbsp;unmounting&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>partitions&nbsp;and&nbsp;working&nbsp;with&nbsp;raw&nbsp;drive&nbsp;partitions.&nbsp;This&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;especially&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>necessary&nbsp;if,&nbsp;like&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;following&nbsp;example,&nbsp;you'll&nbsp;be&nbsp;unmounting&nbsp;a&nbsp;partition&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>like&nbsp;/home.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Get&nbsp;a&nbsp;copy&nbsp;of&nbsp;Midnight&nbsp;Commander&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;system.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>While&nbsp;it's&nbsp;certainly&nbsp;not&nbsp;the&nbsp;only&nbsp;program&nbsp;that&nbsp;could&nbsp;have&nbsp;the&nbsp;undelete&nbsp;ability,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>it's&nbsp;the&nbsp;program&nbsp;with&nbsp;which&nbsp;I'm&nbsp;most&nbsp;familiar.&nbsp;These&nbsp;days,&nbsp;MC&nbsp;contains&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>undelete&nbsp;code&nbsp;by&nbsp;default.&nbsp;If&nbsp;your&nbsp;distribution&nbsp;doesn't&nbsp;have&nbsp;it,&nbsp;get&nbsp;a&nbsp;copy&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>from&nbsp;<A HREF="http://www.gnome.org/mc/">http://www.gnome.org/mc/</A>&nbsp;and&nbsp;install&nbsp;it.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;best&nbsp;time&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;before&nbsp;you&nbsp;delete&nbsp;the&nbsp;files&nbsp;-&nbsp;you&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;make&nbsp;as&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>few&nbsp;changes&nbsp;as&nbsp;possible&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;filesystem&nbsp;from&nbsp;which&nbsp;you&nbsp;hope&nbsp;to&nbsp;recover&nbsp;files.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Create&nbsp;a&nbsp;test&nbsp;file&nbsp;and&nbsp;delete&nbsp;it.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>You'll&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;do&nbsp;this&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;system&nbsp;where&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;mount&nbsp;and&nbsp;unmount&nbsp;partitions&nbsp;a&nbsp;<BR>s&nbsp;needed&nbsp;-&nbsp;no&nbsp;fair&nbsp;doing&nbsp;this&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;primary&nbsp;web&nbsp;server!&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Pick&nbsp;a&nbsp;partition&nbsp;other&nbsp;than&nbsp;your&nbsp;root&nbsp;partition&nbsp;(use&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>mount&nbsp;<BR>command&nbsp;to&nbsp;see&nbsp;what&nbsp;partitions&nbsp;are&nbsp;mounted).&nbsp;For&nbsp;this&nbsp;example,&nbsp;let's&nbsp;assume&nbsp;that&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>/dev/sdd1&nbsp;is&nbsp;mounted&nbsp;on&nbsp;/home.&nbsp;Create&nbsp;a&nbsp;test&nbsp;file&nbsp;with:&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>echo&nbsp;&quot;Just&nbsp;a&nbsp;test&nbsp;file&quot;&nbsp;&gt;/home/testfile&nbsp;<BR>rm&nbsp;-f&nbsp;/home/testfile&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>If&nbsp;it&nbsp;turns&nbsp;out&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;files&nbsp;are&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;root&nbsp;partition&nbsp;(or&nbsp;worse&nbsp;yet,&nbsp;you&nbsp;only&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>have&nbsp;one&nbsp;partition),&nbsp;you'll&nbsp;have&nbsp;to&nbsp;check&nbsp;back&nbsp;next&nbsp;month&nbsp;when&nbsp;I'll&nbsp;cover&nbsp;how&nbsp;to&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>work&nbsp;safely&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;root&nbsp;partition.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Unmount&nbsp;the&nbsp;partition&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;erased&nbsp;file(s).&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>In&nbsp;this&nbsp;example,&nbsp;that&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;accomplished&nbsp;with&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>umount&nbsp;/dev/sdd1&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>You&nbsp;should&nbsp;not&nbsp;attempt&nbsp;to&nbsp;undelete&nbsp;files&nbsp;from&nbsp;a&nbsp;mounted&nbsp;partition&nbsp;-&nbsp;you&nbsp;risk&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>corrupting&nbsp;the&nbsp;drive.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Start&nbsp;up&nbsp;Midnight&nbsp;Commander&nbsp;and&nbsp;select&nbsp;the&nbsp;files&nbsp;to&nbsp;recover.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>mc&nbsp;<BR>Inside&nbsp;mc,&nbsp;type:&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>cd&nbsp;undel:/dev/sdd1&nbsp;<BR>.&nbsp;You&nbsp;can't&nbsp;do&nbsp;this&nbsp;anywhere&nbsp;else&nbsp;but&nbsp;mc.&nbsp;Using&nbsp;the&nbsp;&quot;cd&quot;&nbsp;command&nbsp;in&nbsp;mc&nbsp;normally&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>does&nbsp;what&nbsp;it&nbsp;would&nbsp;at&nbsp;a&nbsp;shell&nbsp;prompt;&nbsp;it&nbsp;changes&nbsp;directories.&nbsp;This&nbsp;special&nbsp;syntax&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>instructs&nbsp;mc&nbsp;to&nbsp;display&nbsp;all&nbsp;the&nbsp;undeleted&nbsp;files&nbsp;on&nbsp;that&nbsp;partition&nbsp;instead&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>files&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Wait&nbsp;a&nbsp;moment&nbsp;while&nbsp;it&nbsp;searches&nbsp;through&nbsp;that&nbsp;ext2&nbsp;filesystem&nbsp;for&nbsp;deleted&nbsp;inodes&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>(an&nbsp;inode&nbsp;holds&nbsp;the&nbsp;_contents_&nbsp;of&nbsp;a&nbsp;file,&nbsp;but&nbsp;not&nbsp;the&nbsp;directory&nbsp;name,&nbsp;etc.).&nbsp;In&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>a&nbsp;minute&nbsp;or&nbsp;so,&nbsp;you'll&nbsp;see&nbsp;a&nbsp;list&nbsp;of&nbsp;files&nbsp;with&nbsp;names&nbsp;like&nbsp;&quot;23434632:2&quot;&nbsp;in&nbsp;that&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>window.&nbsp;The&nbsp;dates&nbsp;and&nbsp;times&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;entries&nbsp;are&nbsp;the&nbsp;dates&nbsp;and&nbsp;times&nbsp;when&nbsp;that&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>inode&nbsp;was&nbsp;deleted.&nbsp;I&nbsp;find&nbsp;it&nbsp;most&nbsp;useful&nbsp;to&nbsp;sort&nbsp;this&nbsp;window&nbsp;according&nbsp;to&nbsp;time:&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&lt;F9&gt;,&nbsp;r,&nbsp;s,&nbsp;m,&nbsp;&lt;Enter&gt;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>or&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&lt;F9&gt;,&nbsp;l,&nbsp;s,&nbsp;m,&nbsp;&lt;Enter&gt;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>You&nbsp;can&nbsp;use&nbsp;the&nbsp;&lt;F3&gt;&nbsp;&quot;View&quot;&nbsp;feature&nbsp;to&nbsp;look&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;contents&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;inode.&nbsp;Press&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&lt;ins&gt;&nbsp;on&nbsp;top&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;files&nbsp;that&nbsp;have&nbsp;times&nbsp;around&nbsp;the&nbsp;time&nbsp;you&nbsp;think&nbsp;you&nbsp;deleted&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;file(s).&nbsp;This&nbsp;tags&nbsp;them&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;undeleted&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;moment.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Undelete&nbsp;the&nbsp;files.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>In&nbsp;the&nbsp;other&nbsp;window&nbsp;(use&nbsp;&lt;tab&gt;&nbsp;to&nbsp;switch&nbsp;windows&nbsp;in&nbsp;mc),&nbsp;make&nbsp;an&nbsp;empty&nbsp;directory&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>under&nbsp;/tmp,&nbsp;such&nbsp;as&nbsp;/tmp/deletedfiles.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>mkdir&nbsp;/tmp/deletedfiles&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Now&nbsp;switch&nbsp;back&nbsp;to&nbsp;your&nbsp;undel&nbsp;window&nbsp;and&nbsp;press&nbsp;&lt;F5&gt;&nbsp;to&nbsp;copy&nbsp;those&nbsp;files&nbsp;to&nbsp;your&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>real&nbsp;filesystem.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you're&nbsp;done,&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;leave&nbsp;mc&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;&lt;F10&gt;&nbsp;key&nbsp;-&nbsp;see&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>legend&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;bottom&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;screen.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>This&nbsp;would&nbsp;also&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;good&nbsp;time&nbsp;to&nbsp;remount&nbsp;the&nbsp;/home&nbsp;partition&nbsp;with&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>mount&nbsp;/home&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>At&nbsp;this&nbsp;point&nbsp;you'll&nbsp;probably&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;look&nbsp;at&nbsp;each&nbsp;one&nbsp;and&nbsp;decide&nbsp;what&nbsp;the&nbsp;real&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>name&nbsp;should&nbsp;be.&nbsp;Now&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;files&nbsp;are&nbsp;in&nbsp;/tmp/deletedfiles,&nbsp;they&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;manipulated&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>just&nbsp;like&nbsp;any&nbsp;other&nbsp;file,&nbsp;such&nbsp;as:&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>cd&nbsp;/tmp/deletedfiles&nbsp;<BR>mv&nbsp;23434632:2&nbsp;/home/testfile&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>There's&nbsp;a&nbsp;chance&nbsp;you&nbsp;might&nbsp;get&nbsp;multiple&nbsp;copies&nbsp;of&nbsp;some&nbsp;of&nbsp;your&nbsp;files&nbsp;if&nbsp;you&nbsp;deleted&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>that&nbsp;file&nbsp;more&nbsp;than&nbsp;once;&nbsp;you'll&nbsp;need&nbsp;to&nbsp;decide&nbsp;which&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;one&nbsp;you&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;keep.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>That's&nbsp;it!&nbsp;You've&nbsp;recovered&nbsp;a&nbsp;file&nbsp;from&nbsp;a&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;partition.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>There&nbsp;are&nbsp;a&nbsp;few&nbsp;more&nbsp;important&nbsp;notes&nbsp;about&nbsp;this&nbsp;process.&nbsp;First,&nbsp;this&nbsp;particular&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>undelete&nbsp;trick&nbsp;only&nbsp;works&nbsp;for&nbsp;ext2&nbsp;partitions.&nbsp;Second,&nbsp;if&nbsp;the&nbsp;files&nbsp;were&nbsp;deleted&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>on&nbsp;a&nbsp;system&nbsp;running&nbsp;a&nbsp;2.0.x&nbsp;kernel,&nbsp;the&nbsp;undelete&nbsp;process&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;limited&nbsp;to&nbsp;recovering&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>the&nbsp;first&nbsp;12288&nbsp;bytes&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;file.&nbsp;There&nbsp;was&nbsp;a&nbsp;bug&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;deletion&nbsp;process&nbsp;that&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>didn't&nbsp;keep&nbsp;the&nbsp;entire&nbsp;file&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;single&nbsp;unit&nbsp;when&nbsp;it&nbsp;was&nbsp;deleted.&nbsp;While&nbsp;it's&nbsp;possible&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>that&nbsp;has&nbsp;been&nbsp;fixed&nbsp;in&nbsp;later&nbsp;2.0.x&nbsp;kernels&nbsp;than&nbsp;I&nbsp;was&nbsp;using,&nbsp;I&nbsp;do&nbsp;know&nbsp;it&nbsp;has&nbsp;been&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>fixed&nbsp;in&nbsp;2.2.x&nbsp;kernels.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>The&nbsp;credit&nbsp;for&nbsp;this&nbsp;feature&nbsp;go&nbsp;to&nbsp;Ted&nbsp;T'so&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;other&nbsp;authors&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;ext2&nbsp;filesystem,&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>and&nbsp;to&nbsp;Miguel&nbsp;de&nbsp;Icaza&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;other&nbsp;MC&nbsp;authors.&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>Many&nbsp;thanks&nbsp;also&nbsp;to&nbsp;Bob&nbsp;DeRosa,&nbsp;for&nbsp;graciously&nbsp;allowing&nbsp;me&nbsp;to&nbsp;republish&nbsp;this&nbsp;in&nbsp;LinuxMonth.&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------&nbsp;<BR>William&nbsp;is&nbsp;an&nbsp;Open-Source&nbsp;developer,&nbsp;enthusiast,&nbsp;and&nbsp;advocate&nbsp;from&nbsp;Vermont,&nbsp;USA.&nbsp;<BR>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>--&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;<BR>※&nbsp;来源:·BBS&nbsp;水木清华站&nbsp;smth.org·[FROM:&nbsp;210.73.87.125]&nbsp;<BR><CENTER><H1>BBS水木清华站∶精华区</H1></CENTER></BODY></HTML>

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