📄 3.2 坐标系统及其变换.htm
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<H2><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=5><SPAN lang=EN-US>3.2 </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">坐标系统及其变换</SPAN></FONT></H2>
<H3><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=4>3.2.1 </FONT></SPAN><FONT
face=楷体_GB2312 size=4><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">坐标系统</SPAN></FONT></H3>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face=楷体_GB2312
size=4> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=4><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">几何物体具有很多重要的性质，如大小、形状、位置、方向以及相互之间的空间关系等等。为了描述、分析、度量这些特性，就需要一个称为坐标系统的参考框架，坐标系统从本质上来说，它自身也是一个几何物体。</SPAN></FONT></P>
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size=4> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=4><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在图形学中，采用了有很多各具特色的坐标系统。以其维度上看，可分为一维坐标系统、二维坐标系统、三维坐标系统，以其坐标轴之间的空间关系来看，可分为直角坐标系统、园柱坐标系统、球坐标系统等等。其中直角坐标系统尤为常用，园标坐标系统与直角坐标系统的关系为：</SPAN></FONT></P>
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＝</SPAN><SPAN
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