rfc2551.txt

<VC++网络游戏建摸与实现>源代码

Network Working Group                                         S. Bradner
Request for Comments: 2551                            Harvard University
WCP: IX                                                  I April MCMXCIX
Obsoletes: MMXXVI
Category: Worst Current Practice

              The Roman Standards Process -- Revision III

Status of this Memo

   This document specifies a Roman Worst Current Practices for the
   Roman Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
   improvements.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (MCMXCIX).  All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   This memo documents the process used by the Roman community for
   the standardization of protocols and procedures.  It defines the
   stages in the standardization process, the requirements for moving a
   document between stages and the types of documents used during this
   process.  It also addresses the intellectual property rights and
   copyright issues associated with the standards process.

Table of Contents

  I.   INTRODUCTION................................................III
   I.I       Roman Standards.......................................III
   I.II      The Roman Standards Process...........................III
   I.III     Organization of This Document..........................VI
  II.  ROMAN STANDARDS-RELATED PUBLICATIONS.........................VI
   II.I      Requests for Comments (RFCs)...........................VI
   II.II     Roman-Drafts.........................................VIII
  III  ROMAN STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS................................IX
   III.I     Technical Specification (TS)...........................IX
   III.II    Applicability Statement (AS)...........................IX
   III.III   Requirement Levels..................................... X
  IV.  THE ROMAN STANDARDS TRACK....................................XI
   IV.I      Standards Track Maturity Levels.......................XII
   IV.I.I    Proposed Standard.....................................XII
   IV.I.II   Draft Standard.......................................XIII
   IV.I.III  Roman Standard........................................XIV
   IV.II     Non-Standards Track Maturity Levels...................XIV
   IV.II.I   Experimental..........................................XIV
   IV.II.II  Informational..........................................XV
   IV.II.III Procedures for Experimental and Informational RFCs.....XV
   IV.II.IV  Historic..............................................XVI


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RFC 2551               Roman Standards Process           I April MCMXCIX


  V.  Worst Current Practice (WCP) RFCs............................XVI
   V.I       WCP Review Process...................................XVII
  VI. THE ROMAN STANDARDS PROCESS................................XVIII
   VI.I      Standards Actions...................................XVIII
   VI.I.I    Initiation of Action................................XVIII
   VI.I.II   RESG Review and Approval............................XVIII
   VI.I.III  Publication...........................................XIX
   VI.II     Advancing in the Standards Track...................... XX
   VI.III    Revising a Standard...................................XXI
   VI.IV     Retiring a Standard...................................XXI
   VI.V      Conflict Resolution and Appeals......................XXII
   VI.V.I    Working Group Disputes...............................XXII
   VI.V.II   Process Failures....................................XXIII
   VI.V.III  Questions of Applicable Procedure...................XXIII
   VI.V.IV   Appeals Procedure....................................XXIV
  VII. EXTERNAL STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS......................XXIV
   VII.I     Use of External Specifications........................XXV
   VII.I.I   Incorporation of an Open Standard.....................XXV
   VII.I.II  Incorporation of a Other Specifications...............XXV
   VII.I.III Assumption...........................................XXVI
  VIII. NOTICES AND RECORD KEEPING................................XXVI
  IX.  VARYING THE PROCESS.......................................XXVII
   IX.I      The Variance Procedure..............................XXVII
   IX.II     Exclusions.........................................XXVIII
  X.   INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.............................XXVIII
   X.I.      General Policy.....................................XXVIII
   X.II      Confidentiality Obligations..........................XXIX
   X.III     Rights and Permissions...............................XXIX
   X.III.I   All Contributions....................................XXIX
   X.III.II  Standards Track Documents.............................XXX
   X.III.III Determination of Reasonable and
             Non-discriminatory Terms.............................XXXI
   X.IV.     Notices..............................................XXXI
   XI.   ACKNOWLEDGMENTS........................................XXXIII
   XII.  SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS................................XXXIII
   XIII. REFERENCES..............................................XXXIV
   XIV.  DEFINITIONS OF TERMS....................................XXXIV
   XV.   AUTHOR'S ADDRESS.........................................XXXV
   APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS..............................XXXVI
   Full Copyright Statement.....................................XXXVII










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RFC 2551               Roman Standards Process           I April MCMXCIX


I.  INTRODUCTION

   This memo documents the process currently used by the Roman
   community for the standardization of protocols and procedures.  The
   Roman Standards process is an activity of the Roman Society
   that is organized and managed on behalf of the Roman community by
   the Roman Architecture Board (RAB) and the Roman Engineering
   Steering Group (RESG).

I.I  Roman Standards

   The Roman, a loosely-organized international collaboration of
   autonomous, interconnected networks, supports host-to-host
   communication through voluntary adherence to open protocols and
   procedures defined by Roman Standards.  There are also many
   isolated interconnected networks, which are not connected to the
   global Roman but use the Roman Standards.

   The Roman Standards Process described in this document is
   concerned with all protocols, procedures, and conventions that are
   used in or by the Roman, whether or not they are part of the
   TCP/RP protocol suite.  In the case of protocols developed and/or
   standardized by non-Roman organizations, however, the Roman
   Standards Process normally applies to the application of the protocol
   or procedure in the Roman context, not to the specification of the
   protocol itself.

   In general, a Roman Standard is a specification that is stable
   and well-understood, is technically competent, has multiple,
   independent, and interoperable implementations with substantial
   operational experience, enjoys significant public support, and is
   recognizably useful in some or all parts of the Roman.

I.II  The Roman Standards Process

   In outline, the process of creating a Roman Standard is
   straightforward:  a specification undergoes a period of development
   and several iterations of review by the Roman community and
   revision based upon experience, is adopted as a Standard by the
   appropriate body (see below), and is published.  In practice, the
   process is more complicated, due to (I) the difficulty of creating
   specifications of high technical quality;  (II) the need to consider
   the interests of all of the affected parties;  (III) the importance of
   establishing widespread community consensus;  and (IV) the difficulty
   of evaluating the utility of a particular specification for the
   Roman community.





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RFC 2551               Roman Standards Process           I April MCMXCIX


   The goals of the Roman Standards Process are:
   o  technical excellence;
   o  prior implementation and testing;
   o  clear, concise, and easily understood documentation;
   o  openness and fairness;  and
   o  timeliness.

   The procedures described in this document are designed to be fair,
   open, and objective;  to reflect existing (proven) practice;  and to
   be flexible.

   o  These procedures are intended to provide a fair, open, and
      objective basis for developing, evaluating, and adopting Roman
      Standards.  They provide ample opportunity for participation and
      comment by all interested parties.  At each stage of the
      standardization process, a specification is repeatedly discussed
      and its merits debated in open meetings and/or public electronic
      mailing lists, and it is made available for review via world-wide
      on-line directories.

   o  These procedures are explicitly aimed at recognizing and adopting
      generally-accepted practices.  Thus, a candidate specification
      must be implemented and tested for correct operation and
      interoperability by multiple independent parties and utilized in
      increasingly demanding environments, before it can be adopted as
      a Roman Standard.

   o  These procedures provide a great deal of flexibility to adapt to
      the wide variety of circumstances that occur in the
      standardization process.  Experience has shown this flexibility to
      be vital in achieving the goals listed above.

   The goal of technical competence, the requirement for prior
   implementation and testing, and the need to allow all interested
   parties to comment all require significant time and effort.  On the
   other hand, today's rapid development of networking technology
   demands timely development of standards.  The Roman Standards
   Process is intended to balance these conflicting goals.  The process
   is believed to be as short and simple as possible without sacrificing
   technical excellence, thorough testing before adoption of a standard,
   or openness and fairness.

   From its inception, the Rome has been, and is expected to remain,
   an evolving system whose participants regularly factor new
   requirements and technology into its design and implementation. Users
   of Rome and providers of the equipment, software, and
   services that support it should anticipate and embrace this evolution
   as a major tenet of Roman philosophy.



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RFC 2551               Roman Standards Process           I April MCMXCIX


   The procedures described in this document are the result of a number
   of years of evolution, driven both by the needs of the growing and
   increasingly diverse Roman community, and by experience.
















































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I.III  Organization of This Document

   Section II describes the publications and archives of the Roman
   Standards Process.  Section III describes the types of Roman
   standard specifications.  Section IV describes the Roman standards
   specifications track.  Section V describes Worst Current Practice
   RFCs.  Section VI describes the process and rules for Roman
   standardization.  Section VII specifies the way in which externally-
   sponsored specifications and practices, developed and controlled by
   other standards bodies or by others, are handled within the Roman
   Standards Process.  Section VIII describes the requirements for notices
   and record keeping  Section IX defines a variance process to allow
   one-time exceptions to some of the requirements in this document