st11.htm

1800道数据结构题和答案

lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>A. </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>顺序文件<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>B. </span>索引文件<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>C. </span>散列文件<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>D. </span>多关键字文件<b><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>5. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>用<span lang=EN-US>ISAM</span>和<span lang=EN-US>VSAM</span>组织文件属于（<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>）。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>A. </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>顺序文件<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span>B. </span>索引文件<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span>C. </span>散列文件<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>【中国科技大学<span lang=EN-US> 1998 </span>二、<span
lang=EN-US>5</span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分） 中科院计算所<span lang=EN-US> 1998 </span>二、<span
lang=EN-US>5</span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>6. ISAM</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>文件和<span lang=EN-US>VASM</span>文件属于（<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>）。【山东大学<span
lang=EN-US> 2001 </span>二、<span lang=EN-US>5 <span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>(1</span>分<span
lang=EN-US>)</span>】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:53.9pt;text-indent:-53.9pt;mso-char-indent-count:
-5.0'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>A. </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>索引非顺序文件<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>B. </span>索引顺序文件<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>C. </span>顺序文件<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>D. </span>散列文件<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>7. B+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>树应用在（<span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span>）文件系统中。【北京邮电大学<span lang=EN-US> 2001 </span>一、<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span
lang=EN-US>2</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>A. ISAM<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>B. VSAM<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:黑体;
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体'>二、判断题<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>1. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>文件是记录的集合，每个记录由一个或多个数据项组成，因而一个文件可看作由多个记录组成的数据结构。【长沙铁道学院<span lang=EN-US> 1998
</span>一、<span lang=EN-US>5 (1</span>分<span lang=EN-US>)</span>】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>2. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>倒排文件是对次关键字建立索引。【南京航空航天大学<span lang=EN-US> 1997 </span>一、<span lang=EN-US>10</span>（<span
lang=EN-US>1</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>3. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>倒排序文件的优点是维护简单。【南京航空航天大学<span lang=EN-US> 1995 </span>五、<span lang=EN-US>10</span>（<span
lang=EN-US>1</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt'>4</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>. </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;color:black;mso-font-kerning:
0pt'>倒排文件与多重表文件的次关键字索引结构是不同的。</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>【西安交通大学<span lang=EN-US> 1996 </span>二、<span lang=EN-US>6 (3</span>分<span
lang=EN-US>)</span>】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>5. Hash</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>表与<span lang=EN-US>Hash</span>文件的唯一区别是<span lang=EN-US>Hash</span>文件引入了<span
lang=EN-US>‘</span>桶<span lang=EN-US>’</span>的概念。【南京航空航天大学<span lang=EN-US>1996</span>六<span
lang=EN-US>10(1</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>6. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>文件系统采用索引结构是为了节省存储空间。【北京邮电大学<span lang=EN-US> 2000 </span>一、<span
lang=EN-US>10 </span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>7. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>对处理大量数据的外存介质而言，索引顺序存取方法是一种方便的文件组织方法。<b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>【东南大学<span lang=EN-US> 2001 </span>一、<span
lang=EN-US>1-10 </span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>分）】<b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>8. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>对磁带机而言，<span lang=EN-US>ISAM</span>是一种方便的稳健组织方法。【中科院软件所<span lang=EN-US>
1997 </span>一、<span lang=EN-US>10</span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>9. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>直接访问文件也能顺序访问，只是一般效率不高。【北京邮电大学<span lang=EN-US> 2002 </span>一、<span
lang=EN-US>10</span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>10. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>存放在磁盘，磁带上的文件，即可以是顺序文件，也可以是索引结构或其他结构类型的文件。<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>【山东大学<span lang=EN-US> 2001 </span>一、<span
lang=EN-US>7 (1</span>分<span lang=EN-US>)</span>】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>11. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>检索出文件中的关键码值落在某个连续的范围内的全部记录，这种操作称为范围检索。对经常需要做范围检索的文件进行组织，采用散列法优于顺序检索法。【中山大学<span
lang=EN-US> 1994 </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>= 1 \* CHINESENUM3 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>一</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>、<span lang=EN-US>5 </span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:黑体;
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体'>三、填空题<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>1. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>文件可按其记录的类型不同而分成两类，即<span lang=EN-US>______</span>和<span lang=EN-US>______</span>文件。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>【西安电子科技大学<span lang=EN-US>
1998 </span>二、<span lang=EN-US>6</span>（<span lang=EN-US>3</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left'><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>2. </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>数据库文件按记录中关键字的多少可分成<span
lang=EN-US>______</span>和<span lang=EN-US>______</span>两种文件。<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>【燕山大学<span lang=EN-US> 1998 </span>一、<span
lang=EN-US>10 </span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>3. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>从用户的观点看，文件的逻辑结构通常可以区分为两类：一类是如<span lang=EN-US> dBASE </span>中数据库文件那样的文件组织结构，称为<u><span
lang=EN-US>_(1)_</span></u>文件；另一种是诸如用各种文字处理软件编辑成的文本文件，称为<span lang=EN-US>_<u>_(2)_</u></span>文件。从文件在存储器上的存放方式来看，文件的物理结构往往可区分为三类，即<u><span
lang=EN-US>_(3)</span></u><span lang=EN-US>_</span>，<span lang=EN-US>_<u>(4)_</u></span>和<u><span
lang=EN-US>_(5)</span></u><span lang=EN-US>_</span>。<span lang=EN-US>B+ </span>树适用于组织<u><span
lang=EN-US>_(6)</span></u><span lang=EN-US>_</span>的索引结构，<span lang=EN-US>m </span>阶<span
lang=EN-US>B+ </span>树每个结点至多有<span lang=EN-US>_<u>(7)</u>_</span>个儿子，除根结点外每个结点至少有<u><span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>(8) </span></u>个儿子，根结点至少有<span
lang=EN-US>_<u>(9)_</u></span>个儿子，有<span lang=EN-US>k</span>个儿子的结点必有<u><span
lang=EN-US>_(10)</span></u><span lang=EN-US> </span>个关键码。<b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>【山东工业大学<span lang=EN-US> 1996 </span>一、<span
lang=EN-US>4</span>（<span lang=EN-US>5</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>4. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>文件由<span lang=EN-US>______</span>组成；记录由<span lang=EN-US>______</span>组成。【大连海事大学<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp; </span>1996 <span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>(</span>２分<span lang=EN-US>)</span>】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>5. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>物理记录之间的次序由指针相链表示的顺序文件称为 <span lang=EN-US>______</span>。【燕山大学<span
lang=EN-US> 1998 </span>一、<span lang=EN-US>11 </span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>6. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>顺序文件中，要存取第<span lang=EN-US>I</span>个记录，必须先存取<span lang=EN-US>______</span>个记录。【哈尔滨工业大学<span
lang=EN-US> 2001 </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>= 1 \* CHINESENUM3 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>一</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>、<span lang=EN-US>4 </span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>7. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>索引顺序文件既可以顺序存取，也可以<span lang=EN-US>______</span>存取。【武汉大学<span lang=EN-US>2000
</span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>= 1 \* CHINESENUM3 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>一</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>、<span lang=EN-US>10</span>】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>8. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>建立索引文件的目的是<span lang=EN-US>______</span>。【中山大学<span lang=EN-US> 1998 </span></span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-element:field-begin'></span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;</span>= 1 \* CHINESENUM3 <span
style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>一</span><!--[if supportFields]><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>、<span lang=EN-US>12 </span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>